美国历史由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“美国历史年表”。
一、exploration
（1）The reasons of exploration---Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries
EconomicsThe new cla ―bourgeoisie‖ in Europe asked the political rights as well as economic rights.The English Revolution was the result of the growing capitalism
Renaiance----文艺复兴The God-centered world was challenged by the great progre in natural and social science.People began to seek the truth and challenge the authority of Bible.This encouraged the technology development.Religious Reformation
（2）How did the name “America” came from?P4
(3)the differences between Puritans and Catholics: Puritans: 1)God was incomprehensible to man, and the power of God was all-knowing, yet hidden and unknown to man.2)It was convinced that human beings were predestined by God before they were born.So no good church could save anyone and nobody knew if he or she was God's elect.3)It was believed that everyone had a calling, which was given by God.The succe of one's work or the prosperity in his calling was the sign of being God's elect.4)It was concluded that the Bible was the authority of their doctrine.Catholics: 1)God could be reached through his representative on the earth-the Pope.2)A person could confe his or her sin, do good works and give money to the church and buy back his or her soul.二、the American Revolution
Cause：P34
Direct cause:Boston Tea Party: 波士顿倾茶党
the 2nd Continental Congre第二次大陆会议
1)the United Colonies should be dependent.2)The Congre founded a Continental Army and Navy under the command of George Washington, a Virginian militia commander.3)It also appointed a committee to draft a formal declaration “Declaration of Independence―(drafted by Thomas Jefferson, aisted by John Adams and Benjamin Franklin.4)It officially proclaimed the independence of 13 North American coloniesGeorge Washington He was one of the founding fathers of the American Republic.He was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army in the War of Independence against the British colonial rule and the first President of the United States.Thomas Jefferson He was one of the founding fathers of the American Republic.He was the chief author of the Declaration of Independence and the third President of the United States.Benjamin Franklin He was one of the founding fathers of the American Republic.He participated in writing the Declaration of Independence and making the U.S.Constitution.Significance(意义)
1)It shows that in a just war, a weak nation can defeat a strong one.2)It was a historic event: by smashing the fetters of British colonial rule, the American people gained independence, which gave capitalism a chance for freer development.3)English was separated into American English and British English.三、The Young Republic
Three branches
Legislative branch立法---the congrePowers: make federal laws, levy federal taxes and declare war or put foreign treaties into effect
the executive branch 行政---the president
the judicial branch司法
The Bill of Rights----the first 10 amendments, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, were added within two years of the adoption of the U.S.Constitution.These amendments remain intact today, as they were written two centuries ago.The first guarantees freedom of worship, speech and pre, the right of peaceful aembly, and the right to petition the government to correct wrongs.The Bill of Rights and subsequent constitutional amendments guarantee the American people the fullest poible opportunity to enjoy fundamental human rights.四、The Civil War
Causes of Civil War
Slavery system---The Southern need slavery tosupport their economy.The key debate between the North and South is whether slavery should be permitted in the Western territories
Economic factors---Two different regions between the South and North in economic, political social views.In 1860, the election of Abraham Lincoln as president was viewed as a threat to slavery and ignited the war.Political Factors---North: need a central government to build an infrastructure of roads and railways, so as to protect its economic interest and control the nation’s currency.South: no need to strength it.And a strong central government may interfere with slavery.Result:1）Union victory 2）Territorial integrity of the United States3）Reconstruction4）Slavery abolished
五、Reconstruction
Three major aspects:---1、restoration of the Union
2、transformation of the southern society
3、enactment of progreive law
Ten-Percent Plan by Abraham Lincoln---Two main measures:
Each south states should readmitted to the Union after 10 percent of its voting population had pledged future loyalty to the U.S.All confederates except high-ranking government and military officials would be set free.Ku Klux Klan
Founders: Confederate Civil War veterans
六、The Gilded Age（1865-1898）
The Gilded Age-------from a book(1873)by Mark Twain and C.D.Werner.the Economic Situation at Gilded Age
Two transitions at this period(1)From the agricultural nation to the industrialized nation(2)From non-monopoly capitalism to monopoly capitalism
Two key industries improving American economics:
iron and steel industry;railway transportation
七、American in World WarⅠ(1914-1918)（WoodrowWilson----在位的总统）The Two Blocs
1.Germany, Austria and Italy---Central Powers/Triple Alliance(同盟国）
2.England, France and Ruia----the Allies/ Triple Entente(协约国）
The underlying causes of World War Ⅰ were（潜在原因）
Imbalanced development of capitalist economy and politics.Militarism – many countries were building up their military and getting ready for war.Alliances – countries allied with one another for protection and markets.Imperialism – countries wanted to expand and conquer other countries for land, resources, and markets.Nationalism – strong feeling towards one’s country.直接原因
The aaination of Austria’s Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophia in Sarajevo奥匈帝国皇储斐迪南大公夫妇.(萨拉热窝事件)
八．theroaring twenties（Jazz Age）
RadioTalkiesProhibition(禁酒令)------时代特征
Lost Generation Literature
Scott Fitzgerald----The Great Gatsby
William Faulkner-----The Sound and the Fury
Ernest Hemingway----The Sun Also Rises(1926)and A Farewell to Arms(1929).T.S.Eliot, Sherwood Anderson, Sinclair Lewis, and Eugene O’Neill.（作家）
九、The Great Depreion（经济危机）
The Reasons For The Crash
2）Businees------------Profits went to stock holders and owners------If they would have given higher wages,people could have bought more goods and companies could have had more profits
3）Businees and farms were productive, but people lacked the purchasing power to buy goods1）Uneven distribution of income-Over half of the nations population was at or below the minimum level of income
十、TheSecondWorld War美国进入二战的原因：Finally on December 7th,1941, Japan attacked the United States’ naval base at Pearl Harbour.The next day president Roosevelt gave a short addre.America declared war on Japan.The Two BlocsAxis Powers（轴心国）------（德、意、日）Allied Powers（同盟国）------
十一、Social Movements
The Anti-War Movement（反战）The Women’s Movement（妇女）
the civil rights movement(黑人民权运动)
---Martin Luther King, Jr.---., an Atlanta-born Baptist minister(浸礼会牧师), was the leader of the Southern
Christian Leadership Conference during the civil rights movement of the 1960s.delivered his famous ―I have a Dream‖ speech.As a civil rights leader, King worked not only to end racial discrimination（种族歧视）and poverty, He was aainated in the city of Memphis(孟斐斯)in April 1968.十二、The Cold War（military coalitions, strategic conventional force deployments, extensive aid to states deemed vulnerable, proxy wars, espionage, propaganda, conventional and nuclear arms races, appeals to neutral nations, rivalry at sports events, and technological competitions such as the Space Race.）
The Third Period(from 1980-1991)
1）Coexistence of Mollification and Confrontation（冲突与缓和共存）
2）the Soviet Union suppreed the America（苏攻美守）
3）In 1981，Ronald Reagan began his presidency in White House.He launched the star war plan,As for the Soviet Union, because of its tired economy, Mikhail Gorbachev(since 1985)took new policies, such as reducing the army.At the end of 1991,the Soviet Union collapsed, the Cold War came to end.Two blocs
Led by the U.S.Led by Soviet Union
NATOWarsaw pact
CapitalismSocialism
Some events in Cold War
Berlin blockade 1948Korean War 1950-1953Berlin crisis 1961
Vietnam War 1959-1975Cuba Miile Crisis 1962Soviet War on Afghanistan 1979
补充：北美建立的第一个殖民地---Virginia西进运动的动机P54
.New England is a region in the northeastern corner of the United States consisting of the six states of-----Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Maachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecti1 乔治·华盛顿(George Washington)1789年－1797年 开国总统约翰·亚当斯(John Adams)联邦党 1797年－1801年 人称―老亚当斯‖，儿子是第6任美国总统，和儿子是为美国历史上第一对父子档总统。托玛斯·杰弗逊(Thomas Jefferson)民主共和党 1801年－1809年
7安德鲁·杰克逊(Adrew Jackson)民主党 1829年－1837年28 伍德罗·威尔逊(Woodrow Wilson)民主党 1913年－1921年31 赫伯特·胡佛(Herbert Hoover)共和党 1929年－1933年
富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福(Franklin Delano Roosevelt)民主党 1933年－1945年 任期最长的美国总统，连任四届，最后于任内过世 33 哈利·S·杜鲁门(Harry S.Truman)民主党 1945年－1953年
德怀特·D·艾森豪威尔(Dwight D.Eisenhower)共和党 1953年－1961年
约翰·F·肯尼迪(John F.Kennedy)民主党 1961年－1963年 任内被暗杀
林登·约翰逊(Lyndon Johnson)民主党 1963年－1969年
理查德·尼克松(Richard Nixon)共和党 1969年－1974年 任内因水门事件而辞职
杰拉尔德·福特(Gerald Ford)共和党 1974年－1977年 唯一一名未经选举就接任副总统，然后接任总统的人39 吉米·卡特(Jimmy Carter)民主党 1977年－1981年
罗纳德·里根(Ronald Reagan)共和党 1981年－1989年
乔治·H·W·布什(George H.W.Bush)共和党 1989年－1993年 其长子是第43任美国总统
比尔·克林顿(Bill Clinton)民主党 1993年－2001年 任内国会曾提起弹劾动议，但未获通过
乔治·W·布什(George W.Bush)共和党 2001年－2009年 父亲是第41任美国总统
巴拉克·侯赛因·奥巴马（Barack Huein Obama Jr.）民主党 2009年1月20日—2013年1月20日 2004年在伊利诺伊州首次当选为国会参议员詹姆斯·麦迪逊(James Madison)民主共和党 1809年－1817年16 亚伯拉罕·林肯(Abraham Lincoln)共和党 1861年－1865年 在任内被暗杀致死
美国历史就 70 年代滞胀成因，滞胀对经济、股市的影响，如何走出滞胀等三方面进行分析。以史为镜，给人以启发。滞胀的成因科技发展正处低潮、出口贸易份额下降、实体经济缺乏增长......
美国历史概论一．名词解释1.美属北美十三块殖民地：是指英国于1607年至1733年在北美洲大西洋沿岸建立的一系列殖民地。每个殖民地都建立并发展了自治体制， 从属于英国，但相对独立......
立思辰留学360介绍，1693年，北美第二所学府威廉·玛丽学院（今弗吉尼亚大学的第一所学院）诞生。1701年，耶鲁学院（今耶鲁大学的第一所学院）成立。这两所学院的出现，使哈佛学院有了伙伴......
行政法学课程作业作业名称： 美利坚合众国制宪历史学院名称： 材料科学与工程 年级专业： 2013级指导教师： 袁智学生姓名： XX君学生学号： 2013360X 二〇一 五 年 9 月 —— 二〇一......
1607.5 英国伦敦公司在弗吉尼亚的詹姆斯敦建立第一个永久居留地。1620.12.26 英国清教徒移民乘“五月花”号轮漂洋到达普利茅斯，在船上通过了五月花号公约。 1636.10.28 美国......
