中国首次发布《空间态势评估报告》评估未来发展由刀豆文库小编整理,希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便,猜你可能喜欢“中国外交未来发展态势”。
中国首次发布《空间态势评估报告》评估未来发展
4月17日,中国首次发布《空间态势评估报告》,向公众全面展示了国际空间活动现状,从学术角度评估了空间未来发展趋势。
全球通信、全球导航、遥感观测、气象预报、登陆月球、探测火星„„报告显示,近年来,世界航天活动越来越活跃,但空间活动显著呈现出“大国游戏”的本质,无论是年度发射次数还是拥有在轨空间资产数,都呈现出巨大的“贫富差距”,人类的空间活动设施与装备主要掌握在航天大国手中。
报告显示,目前中国航天运载器年发射次数已经进入世界前三。随着朝鲜与韩国先后成功发射卫星,全球已有12个国家具有独立发射卫星的能力。2012~2013年进行的159次航天发射中,俄罗斯、美国、中国和欧盟的发射量占到了全部发射的86.8%。截至2013年8月,全球共有1084颗卫星在轨运行,其中美国拥有461颗,俄罗斯拥有111颗,欧盟拥有110颗,三方拥有了全球63%的空间资产。从卫星用途看,通信卫星最多,占总数的55%,其次是导航卫星与侦察卫星。
据分析,截至2013年8月,近地轨道卫星占全球卫星数的48.9%,地球同步轨道卫星占40.3%。其中,美国占有近地轨道卫星资源的44%,占有地球同步轨道卫星资源的40%。从地域分布上看,美国拥有美洲区上空72%的地球同步轨道卫星,在亚洲区上空的地球同步轨道卫星资源占有量超过中国和俄罗斯,其中包括2颗预警卫星和3颗电子侦察卫星,而中俄两国在美洲区上空的地球同步轨道卫星为零。
报告显示,近年来,国际上民用航天在担负公益性服务与科学探索任务的同时,越来越多承担了对于军事应用的支持功能,呈现出“民为军用”的趋势。其中,国际商业航天组织正在成为新兴航天力量。
据统计,截至2013年8月,全球在轨卫星中,商用卫星和军商两用卫星占比共计已达44%,其中,51%的商业卫星属于美国。全球军商两用卫星中,美国和俄罗斯两国拥有数占到86%。
这份报告由中国运载火箭技术研究院钱学森运载技术实验室空间态势评估课题组完成,今后将每两年发布一次。目前,世界上只有少数国家发布类似报告。中国发布《空间态势评估报告》,对提升空间活动透明度具有重要意义。
On April 17, China's first release the space situation aement report, a comprehensive display of the current situation of the international space activities to the public, from the point of view of academic evaluation of the space development trend in the future.Global communication, global navigation, remote sensing observation, weather forecast, land on the moon, Mars..., according to a report inrecent years, the world space activities more and more active, but the space activities significantly present the eence of the “great game”, annual launches, or have on-orbit space aets, all present a huge “the gap between rich and poor,” human space activities of facilities and equipment mainly in the hands of the space powers.According to a report, at present China aerospace vehicle launches, has entered into the world's top three.As north Korea and South Korea has succefully launched a satellite, 12 countries worldwide have independent ability to launch a satellite.In 2012 ~ 2013 for space launch in 159, Ruia, the United States, China and the eu's emiion accounted for 86.8% of the total emiion amount.As of August 2013, a total of 1084 moons orbiting around the world, including the United States has 461, Ruia has 111, the eu has 110, the three parties have 63% of the world's space aets.From the satellite USES most communications satellites, 55% of the total, followed by navigation satellite
reconnaiance satellites.According to the analysis, in the year toAugust 2013, low earth orbit satellite account for 48.9% of the global satellite number, account for 40.3% of the geostationary satellites in orbit.Among them, it accounts for 44% of low earth orbit satellite resources, accounts for 40% of the earth synchronous orbit satellite resource.From the point of view of regional distribution, the United States has 72% of the earth synchronous satellites in orbit over the americas, occupancy of geostationary satellites in orbit over the Asia resources than China and Ruia, including 2 early warning satellites and 3 electronic reconnaiance satellites, and the two countries in the americas over the earth synchronous orbit satellite is zero., according to a report in recent years, international civil space on public welfare service and scientific exploration shoulder the task of at the same time, more and more to aume the function of support for the military applications, present a “people for military” trend.Among them, the international commercial space organization is becoming a emerging space power.According to statistics, as of August 2013, the global satellite orbit, the commercial satellite and the dual satellite accounted for a total of 44%, among them, 51% of the commercial satellite belongs to the United States.Global military contractor in the dual satellite, the United States and Ruia have accounted for 86%.The report by the China academy of launch vehicle technology qian xuesen carrier
technology lab space situation aementteam is completed, will be iued once every two years in the future.At present, only a few countries in the world iued a similar report.Release the space situation aement report, China is of great significance to improve transparency space activities.
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