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Carbon monoxide poisoning in Beirut, Lebanon: Patient's characteristics and exposure sources Abstract INTRODUCTION Carbon monoxide(CO)poisoning is common, accounting for more than 50,000 emergency department(ED)visits in the US yearly.It is a seasonal disease with higher incidences during fall and winter months and peaks around December and January secondary to increased use of furnaces and heaters.CO poisoning is also a preventable disease that can acutely lead to rapid health deterioration from seizure and death.Chronic neurologic sequelae such as memory deficits, sleep disturbances, vertigo, neuropathies, and paresthesias have also been described as a result of CO poisoning.The diagnosis of acute CO poisoning can be challenging since the presenting symptoms are usually nonspecific.These include but are not limited to headache, dizzine, confusion, myalgias, lo of consciousne, and death.High clinical suspicion is therefore needed to detect CO poisoning.A serum carboxyhemoglobin(CO-Hb)level is usually ordered to confirm the diagnosis: Levels higher than 3% in nonsmokers and higher than 10% in chronic smokers are considered abnormal.CO-Hb levels above 5% usually require treatment with normobaric high flow oxygen(administration of 100% oxygen at atmospheric preure).This treatment speeds up the elimination of CO by shortening the CO-Hb half-life from 4 to 6 h at room air down to approximately 1 h.Hyperbaric oxygen therapy which reduces the CO-Hb elimination half-life further down to 20 min has also been recommended for serious CO poisoning including patients who have a CO-Hb level of 25% or more and patients with cardiac and severe neurologic symptoms.The source of CO must be identified and removed to prevent CO poisoning.In developed countries, CO sources include house fires, faulty furnaces, inadequate ventilation of heating sources, and exposure to engine exhaust.Data from developing countries regarding this preventable disease is scarce.Our study described demographic and clinical characteristics, causes, treatment modalities, and outcomes of confirmed cases of CO poisoning treated at a tertiary care center in Beirut, Lebanon.The study also determined the aociation between CO poisoning source and the different patients’ characteristics.CONCLUSION CO poisoning in Beirut, Lebanon is mainly due to charcoal burning grills used indoors and to fire-related smoke.Young females present more often to the ED with CO exposure from charcoal burning grills indoors.An opportunity for prevention is present in terms of education and increased awarene regarding CO emiion sources.Patients were symptomatic with CO-Hb levels as low as 2.7%.Clinicians must have high suspicion to diagnose CO poisoning and must recognize the pitfall of excluding CO poisoning as a diagnosis solely based on CO-Hb level.
一氧化碳中毒一氧化碳（CO）中毒是在短时间内吸入较高浓度的CO后所引起的以中枢神经系统损害为主的全身性疾病。一氧化碳进入体内，与血红蛋白结合成碳氧血红蛋白（HbCO），使血红蛋白失......
一氧化碳中毒一氧化碳中毒是含碳物质燃烧不完全时的产物经呼吸道吸入引起中毒。中毒机理是一氧化碳与血红蛋白的亲合力比氧与血红蛋白的亲合力高200～300倍，所以一氧化碳极易与......
冶金企业作为煤气使用大户，企业内管路密布，随时随地都有发生煤气泄漏的可能。因此，防止一氧化碳急性中毒应当是这些企业职业卫生和安全工作的重点之一。然而急性一氧化碳中毒事......
一氧化碳中毒在日常生活中，家庭用火、取暖、洗浴时缺乏预防措施，是导致一氧化碳中毒的主要原因。一氧化碳是一种无色、无味的气体，几乎不溶于水。进入人体后，与体内血红蛋白的亲......
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