美国文化由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“美国文化答案”。
针对程度较好的学生，每次课之前给学生介绍一些西方的文化或典故，一方面激发学生的兴趣，拓宽视野，另一方面也训练了英语阅读的能力。
美国文化介绍:
Independence Day
• In the United States, Independence Day, commonly known as the Fourth of July(or the Fourth), is a federal holiday commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, declaring independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain
• Parades often are in the morning, while fireworks displays occur in the evening at such places.Many politicians make it a point on this day to appear at a public event to praise the nation's heritage,laws, history, society, and people.Families often celebrate Independence Day by hosting or attending a picnic or barbecue and takeadvantage of the day off and, in some years, long weekend to gather with relatives.美国文化介绍:
Martin Luther King Day
☆It is held on the third Monday in January each year.☆Martin Luther King(January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968)was one of the mainl leaders of the American civil rights movement.King was a Baptist minister, one of the few leadership roles
available to black men at the time.He became a civil rights activist early in his career.☆His efforts led to the 1963 March on Washington, where King delivered his “I Have a Dream” speech.Here he raised public consciousne of the civil rights movement and established himself as one of the greatest orators in U.S.history.In 1964, King became the youngest person to receive the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to end segregation and racial discrimination through civil disobedience and other non-violent means.☆King was murdered on April 4, 1968.☆American people commemorate Martin Luther King, Jr.day.In this day, all schools, banks and government agencies do not all work, commemorating this great man in various ways.“I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up, live up to the true meaning of its creed: “We hold these truths to be self-evident;that all men are created equal.”
I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave-owners will be able to sit down together at the table of
brotherhood.I have a dream that one day even the state of Miiippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppreion, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.”
我梦想有一天，这个国家将会奋起，实现其立国信条的真谛：“我们认为这些真理不言而喻：人人生而平等。”
我梦想有一天，在佐治亚州的红色山岗上，昔日奴隶的儿子能够同昔日奴隶主的儿子同席而坐，亲如手足。
我梦想有一天，甚至连密西西比州——一个非正义和压迫的热浪逼人的荒漠之州，也会改造成为自由和公正的青青绿洲。
美国文化：
St.Patrick's Day
St.Patrick's Day, colloquially St.Paddy's Day or Paddy's Day, is an annual feast day which celebrates Saint Patrick(circa 385–461 AD), one of the patron saints守护神of Ireland, and is generally celebrated on March 17.The day is the national holiday of Ireland.It is a bank holiday in Northern Ireland and a public holiday in the Republic of Ireland, Montserrat蒙特塞拉特, and the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.In the rest of Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, the United States and New Zealand, it is widely celebrated but is not an official holiday.圣帕特里克节为3月17日，以纪念爱尔兰守护神圣帕特里克。这一节日5世纪末期起源于爱尔兰，美国从1737年3月17日开始庆祝。
公元432年，圣帕特里克受教皇派遣前往爱尔兰劝说爱尔兰人皈依基督教。他从威克洛上岸后，当地愤怒的异教徒企图用石头将他砸死。但圣帕特里克临危不惧，当即摘下一棵三叶苜蓿，形象地阐明了圣父、圣子、圣灵三位一体的教义。他雄辩的演说使爱尔兰人深受感动，接受了圣帕特里克主施的隆重洗礼。公元493年3 月17日，圣帕特里克逝世，爱尔兰人为了纪念他，将这一天定为圣帕特里克节。
1737年，一些爱尔兰绅士和商人们在美国马萨诸塞州波士顿聚会纪念圣帕特里克，并成立了爱尔兰慈善社团。1780年和1784年，费城和纽约先后成立了圣帕特里克友谊之子等团体，从此美国每年都庆祝这个节日。
美国的圣帕特里克节这一天，人们通常要举行游行、教堂礼拜和聚餐等活动。美国的爱尔兰人喜欢佩带三叶苜蓿，用爱尔兰的国旗颜色——绿黄两色装饰房间，身穿绿色衣服，并向宾客赠送三叶苜蓿饰物等。
Halloween
Traditions
• Halloween is on October 31.• Halloween is a fun holiday.It is one of the holidays that children in the US like best.• Halloween is the short form for “All Hallows’ Eve”.Trick or Treating(不给糖就捣蛋)
• Trick-or-treating is a popular Halloween tradition.• Children knock on doors and say “Trick or treat!”
• People give them candy.Jack-O-Lantern
• The Celts carried lights with them if they went out on October 31.• They believed the light protected them from evil spirits.• Children soon began to carve faces in the turnips.• When the Irish came to America they began to use pumpkins.Mask
• People were afraid they would encounter ghosts if they left their house on Halloween.• To prevent themselves from being recognized they would wear masks outside.• They hoped that the ghosts would mistake them for other ghosts.希腊罗马神话介绍:
Win/Gain Laurels获得荣誉;赢得声望
Look to One's Laurels爱惜名声;保持记录
Rest on One's Laurels坐享清福;光吃老本
Laurel(月桂树)是一种可供观赏的常绿乔木,树叶互生,披针形或者长椭圆形,光滑发亮;花带黄色,伞形花序.laurels指用月桂树叶编成的“桂冠”.古代希腊人和罗马人用月桂树的树叶编成冠冕,献给杰出的诗人或体育竞技的优胜者,作为奖赏,以表尊崇.这种风尚渐渐传遍整个欧洲,于是laurels代表victory和succe
欧洲人这种习俗源远流长,可上朔到古希腊神话.相传河神珀纳斯(Peneus)的女儿达佛涅(Daphne)长的风姿卓约,艳丽非凡.太阳神阿波罗为她的美所倾倒,热烈追求她,但达佛涅自有所爱,总是逃避权利很大的太阳神的追求.一天,他俩在河边相遇,达佛涅一见阿波罗,拔腿就跑,阿波罗在后边穷追不舍,达佛涅跑得疲乏不堪,情急之下只好请她父亲把她变成一株月桂树.阿波罗非常感伤,无限深情地表示:“愿你的枝叶四季长青,装饰我的头,装饰我的琴,让你成为最高荣誉的象征”.他小心得将这株月桂树移植到自己神庙旁边,朝夕相处,并取其枝叶编成花冠戴在头上,以表示对达佛涅的倾慕和怀念.因此,古希腊人把月桂树看作是阿波罗的神木,称为“阿波罗的月桂树”(The Laurel of Apollo).起先,他们用月桂枝叶编成冠冕,授予在祭祀太阳神的节目赛跑中的优胜者.后来在奥林匹亚(Olympia)举行的体育竞技中,他们用桂冠赠给竞技的优胜者.从此世代相传,后世欧洲人以“桂冠”作为光荣的称号.E.g.Shakespeare won laurels in the dramatic world.The student gained laurels on the football field, as well as in his studies.
感恩节（Thanksgiving Day）感恩节是美国和加拿大共有的节日，原意是为了感谢上天赐予的好收成。在美国，自1941年起，感恩节是在每年11月的第四个星期四，并从这一天起将休假两天。像中......
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