刀豆文库小编猜你可能喜欢“gre备考方法及资料”。
GRE阅读科学备考方法（通用8篇）由网友“鸡蛋没有蛋黄”投稿提供，以下是小编帮大家整理后的GRE阅读科学备考方法，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。
篇1：GRE阅读科学备考方法
GMAT/GRE阅读文章第三篇：
Thomas Hardy’s impulses as a writer, all of which he indulged in his novels, were numerous and divergent, and they did not always work together in harmony.
TH作为一个作家的impulses的特点是什么?
Numerous and divergent
Did not always work together
很多同学在这里喜欢把impulses翻译出来，比如说翻译成冲动，刺激之类的，
完全没有必要，因为名词在GRE阅读中是最不重要的词汇，尤其这类抽象名词，明确它的作用和特点即可，下文只需要找出对应。不需要明白具体含义。
Hardy was to some degree interested in exploring his characters’ psychologies, though impelled less by curiosity than by sympathy.
那些词跟上文的impulses有关系?
Characters’ psychologies, curiosity, sympathy
Occasionally he felt the impulse to comedy (in all its detached coldness) as well as the impulse to farce, but he was more often inclined to see tragedy and record it.
虽然but在句中，但仍然要找到but的转折关系，哪里转折了?
Occasionally和often
Comedy, farce和tragedy
这句话要读出的关系是Hardy更喜欢的是?
Tragedy
He was also inclined to literary realism in the several senses of that phrase.
Also告诉我们这句话和上句话的关系是?
并列(顺承)
划线部分指代的是?
Literary realism
He wanted to describe ordinary human beings; he wanted to speculate on their dilemmas rationally (and, unfortunately, even schematically); and he wanted to record precisely the material universe.
这里两个分号引导的并列结构，有可能出细节题，要注意定位
这里的wanted后面跟的内容是否是全新的概念?
不是
如果不是，和前文的什么有关系?
Hardy’s impulses
Finally, he wanted to be more than a realist. He wanted to transcend what he considered to be the banality of solely recording things exactly and to express as well his awareness of the occult and the strange.
划线部分和非划线部分的关系是?
非划线部分解释说明了划线部分。
Hardy想去做到的是?
To transcend and to express
划线部分的realist可以用那些词进行解释?
Not transcend banality of solely recording things exactly and not express his awareness
总结第一段的大致内容：
Hardy这个人在写作方面的许多想法很多，且有时会不和谐。他比较喜欢非喜剧的东西。他想展现的并非只是呆板的记录的现实主义者，而是比现实主义者更多的展现自己的意识。
以下开始第二段
In his novels these various impulses were sacrificed to each other inevitably and often.
仍然没有出现新的概念，承接上文的impulses
上文对于impulses的特点的描述是?
Numerous and divergent, not always work together
Sacrificed和上文的哪些词对应?
Not always work together
Inevitably, because Hardy did not care in the way that novelists such as Flaubert or James cared, and therefore took paths of least resistance. Thus, one impulse often surrendered to a fresher one and, unfortunately, instead of exacting a compromise, simply disappeared.
两个句子的关系是?
因果关系
为什么?
有标志词because和thus。前一句是因，后一句是果。
出现了两个人名F和J的作用是?
与Hardy进行比较(取不同)
那么F和J的特点是?
Took path of resistance
在Hardy的作品中，impulse会出现什么样的情况?
一个impulse会被新的impulse所取缔，
资料
因此最终的情况不是所有的impulse会互相融合(compromise)而是只会有最新的impulse，之前的impulse都没有了(disappeared)
A desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give way abruptly to the desire on the part of (on the part of: with regard to the one specified) what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower.
本句话中的desire是全新的概念嘛?
不是，和前文的impulse是同一个概念。
这句话的主干是什么?
That a desire might give way abruptly to the desire was never to throw over reality a light.
划线部分的that的作用是?
引导主语从句
划线部分的what的作用是?
引导了一个宾语从句，做of的宾语。
所以这个句子的作用是?
描述了a desire的特点，即impulse的特点
一个desire应该是不会突然让位给另一个(desire)的---比如说一个novelist-scientist需要准确具体的记录一个花的结构和纹理。
这个句子即使翻译了之后，还是觉得很抽象，不妨我们来找一下对应。
Hardy’s impulses的特点是?
新的取代之前的。不能互相融合
而这里我们认为的是什么?
一个desire如果能够被取代，那么那就不能反应事实。
和前文的内容逻辑一致。
In this instance, the new impulse was at least an energetic one, and thus its indulgence did not result in a relaxed style.
划线部分的指代是?
The desire on the part of what we might consider novelist-scientist
But on other occasions Hardy abandoned a perilous, risky, and highly energizing impulse in favor of what was for him the fatally relaxing impulse to classify and schematize abstractly.
But闪到眼了，要注意的是?
出现转折了。
转折了什么?
前面说，还好新的impulse还不至于导致relaxed style;但是有时Hardy还是会引起relaxing impulse的。
When a relaxing impulse was indulged, the style—that sure index of an author’s literary worth—was certain to become verbose.
划线部分的词语和可以用上文的什么词来代替?
Relaxed
所以如果relaxing impulse很多，那么结构就会relaxed
Hardy’s weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones.
Hardy’s weakness指代的是什么?
他的relaxing impulse导致的relaxed style
Hardy’s weakness的原因是?
Inability to control and unwillingness to cultivate
无法掌控divergent impulses以及不愿意去坚持那些energetic and risky的impulses
He submitted to first one and then another, and the spirit blew where it listed; hence the unevenness of any one of his novels.
这句话和上文的关系是?
是上句话的结果。
因为他的无能和不愿意，致使了他的作品都unevenness
这里的unevenness和上文的什么有关系?
Divergent impulses
His most controlled novel, Under the Greenwood Tree, prominently exhibits two different but reconcilable impulses—a desire to be a realist-historian and a desire to be a psychologist of love—but the slight interlockings of plot are not enough to bind the two completely together. Thus even this book splits into two distinct parts.
最后一句话是否有转折?
没有，仍然是在说他的小说结构是divergent
举例子的目的是?(Under the Greenwood Tree)
支持说明前文的观点： unevenness of any one of his novel
篇2：如何备考GRE阅读
如何备考GRE阅读
众所周知长阅读是GRE阅读中的一个难点，文章长已经不是问题了，而是在有限的时间内不仅要读完这么长的一篇文章，还要快速理清文章的脉络和逻辑帮助你作答。
要想提高长阅读的做题能力，就必须要以提高阅读速度为首要目标，从而，提高重要信息的抓取能力，主要逻辑线的整理能力，以及视角功能词，逻辑词等的标记能力。
提高单词的识别能力
提高单词的识别能力并不是说需要你认识文章中的所有单词，比如一些抽象名词，需要根据上下文来推测，不认识也没有关系。
而需要识别的是一些重要的具有态度方向的形容词，负向动词，因为这些词恰恰反映了作者的态度和文章的转折、递进等逻辑结构。
长难句训练
GRE考试的题目句子大都比较长，所以长难句的训练是必要的，每天都看 一点GRE 长难句图解与精练，自己尽量分析，画逻辑图的方式，差不多每天5-10句花费10-20分钟左右的时间即可。
GRE 逻辑框架训练
逻辑框架的训练就是要求同学们在分析文章时，要注重预测下文的行文方向，理清楚文章的框架和主旨，是什么观点，是怎么论证的，有哪些重要的证据。
要多去思考及分析，做到主动阅读而非被动阅读。
限时训练
就如前文所说，咱们的核心就是要提高文章的阅读速度，读文章的时候，把握住文章的逻辑结构和主要观点即可，不需要深究细节，把握阅读及做题的pace，这需要一定时间的练习，所以在备考后期要逐渐开始进行限时训练，考前进行模考练习，专门针对考试的时间分配进行适应性训练。
综合练习
做GRE阅读的时候切忌完全的翻译成中文去理解，而是去分析文章的逻辑结构，可以利用逻辑单项里的题型：
比如：recognizethe assumption，review/evaluate the argument : weaken，strengthen, find the missing but must-be-true informationthat can be inferred and mostly supported by the passages, and apply theprinciples from the authors。
或者，也可以运用Argument作文中的驳论结构去找文章的行文结构。切忌翻译理解哦~~
GRE阅读记忆训练的三个步骤
如何培养考试所需的短期记忆能力呢?下面的小编将为你介绍具体步骤：
步骤一：首先记住文章框架
1.在3.5分钟左右阅读文章。
2.在每一段的结尾，一句话概括了该段的主要思路。
3.读完全文后，浏览每一段主旨，并做一个归纳性的总结。
4. 提炼文章的整体主旨。
上述步骤可以帮助考生熟悉全文并加快解决问题的速度。
步骤二：回顾检查记忆内容
1. 把刚才看过的文章翻过去，暂时不去看。
2. 在纸上写下刚才的每段主旨和文章整体主旨。
检查记忆是测试你在文章中实际记住了多少内容，这实际上也是GRE阅读理解考察的能力。
如果在刚开始练习时没有记住任何内容并不重要，但请不要在此阶段直接阅读该文章。只要尽可能地记下你记得的东西即可。
步骤三：结合记忆答题
1.现在我们可以把刚刚的文章翻回来再看一遍。
2.如果主题涉及到特定的细节，比如在某一行中描述特定的内容，那么立即找到文章的相关部分寻找答案。
3.如果这不是一个细节题，直接回答它。
4.如果能够确定答案，便立刻回答并继续进行下一个问题。
5.如果不能确认答案，再返回文章快速找到。
6.如果前面的步骤无法解决问题，那就做个记号空下，继续跟进下一个问题。
GRE阅读备考真题解析之器官移植
The transplantation of organs from one individual to another normally involves two major problems: (1) organ rejection is likely unless the transplantation antigens (a usually protein or carbohydrate substance (as a toxin or enzyme) capable of stimulating an immune response) of both individuals are nearly identical, and (2) the introduction of any unmatched transplantation antigens induces the development by the recipient of donor-specific lymphocytes that will produce violent rejection of further transplantations from that donor. However, we have found that among many strains of rats these “normal” rules of transplantation are not obeyed by liver transplants. Not only are liver transplants never rejected, but they even induce a state of donor-specific unresponsiveness in which subsequent transplants of other organs, such as skin, from that donor are accepted permanently. Our hypothesis is that (1) many strains of rats simply cannot mount a sufficiently vigorous destructive immune-response (using lymphocytes) to outstrip the liver’s relatively great capacity to protect itself from immune-response damage and that (2) the systemic unresponsiveness observed is due to concentration of the recipient’s donor-specific lymphocytes at the site of the liver transplant.
17. The primary purpose of the passage is to treat the accepted generalizations about organ transplantation in which of the following ways?
(A) Explicate their main features
(B) Suggest an alternative to them
(C) Examine their virtues and limitations
(D) Criticize the major evidence used to support them(E)
(E) Present findings that qualify them
18. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes that an important difference among strains of rats is the
(A) size of their livers
(B) constitution of their skin
(C) strength of their immune-response reactions
(D) sensitivity of their antigens(C)
(E) adaptability of their lymphocytes
19. According to the hypothesis of the author, after a successful liver transplant, the reason that rats do not reject further transplants of other organs from the same donor is that the
(A) transplantation antigens of the donor and the recipient become matched
(B) lymphocytes of the recipient are weakened by the activity of the transplanted liver
(C) subsequently transplanted organ is able to repair the damage caused by the recipient’s immune-response reaction
(D) transplanted liver continues to be the primary locus for the recipient’s immune-response reaction(D)
(E) recipient is unable to manufacture the lymphocytes necessary for the immune-response reaction
20. Which of the following new findings about strains of rats that do not normally reject liver transplants, if true, would support the authors’ hypothesis?
I. Stomach transplants are accepted by the recipients in all cases.
II. Increasing the strength of the recipient’s immune-response reaction can induce liver-transplant rejection.
III. Organs from any other donor can be transplanted without rejection after liver transplantation.
IV. Preventing lymphocytes from being concentrated at the liver transplant produces acceptance of skin transplants.
(A) II only
(B) I and III only
(C) II and IV only
(D) I, II, and III only(A)
(E) I, III, and IV only
GRE双语阅读：五件事加快衰老速度
Your Lunchtime cola
午餐时的可乐
What it ages: Your bones
老化部位：骨骼
The science: Older women who drank a cola every day had significantly lower bone-mineral density than those who consumed less than one cola per month, according to a study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. It’s not exactly clear why cola had this effect, but the study researchers believe that it could be the combination of caffeine and phosphoric acid (which most other carbonated drinks don’t have) that causes the problem.
科学研究：《美国临床营养期刊》研究发现，年纪较大的女性如果每天喝一杯可乐，骨密度会远低于那些每月只喝不到一杯可乐的同龄女性。尚不明确可乐为何会产生这种影响，不过许多研究者认为可能是咖啡因与磷酸(其他大多数碳酸饮料不含该成分)结合，造成这个问题。
What you can do: Cut back. Keep in mind that diet cola had similar effects and, to a lesser extent, so did decaf versions. If you need bubbles, try seltzer instead.
解决办法：少饮可乐。记住，健怡可乐也会影响骨密度，不过程度比较轻，脱咖啡因可乐亦如此。如果你想喝碳酸饮料，选择苏打水泡腾片吧。
Your Daily Commute
日常交通
What it ages: Your skin
老化部位：皮肤
The science: The air you’re exposed to on the highway is no friend to your complexion. Traffic-related pollution can lead to age spots, according to a review in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology, while another review in Frontiers in Environmental Science found that pollution contributes to overall skin aging, plus other problems like acne, eczema and psoriasis.
科学研究：路上的空气可不是皮肤的好朋友。《皮肤病学研究杂志》表明，交通污染会引发老年斑。《环境科学前沿》还发现，污染会导致皮肤整体老化并产生一系列问题，如粉刺、痤疮和牛皮鲜。
What you can do: Until someone comes up with a way to make a long commute shorter, these tips should help. First, if you drive an older car, roll your windows down instead of up when you’re sitting in traffic. (With an older air-filter system, you’ll just breath in your car’s own exhaust if you keep them up). Second, apply a topical antioxidant product to your face, neck in the morning to help protect your skin from environmental pollution.
解决办法：如果行程不可缩短，那这些方法也许有用。首先，如果你开的是旧车，开车时要把车窗摇下来。因为旧车的空气过滤设备老化，摇起车窗只会吸入车的尾气。其次，在脸和脖子上涂一些抗氧化性产品，减少环境污染带来的伤害。
A Hypercritical Boss
吹毛求疵的老板
What it ages: Your brain
老化部位：大脑
The science: Anxiety and stress can shrink your hippocampus, and in people already experiencing the cognitive decline that can lead to Alzheimer’s, they could potentially speed up the progression of the disease.
科学研究：压力和焦虑会使大脑中的海马体缩小。对于那些认知能力已经开始下降的、可能会得老年痴呆症的人来说，病情可能会加速发展。
Your hippocampus controls memory formation and also plays a role in regulating your emotions. It naturally gets smaller as we age, but a review in Current Opinion in Psychiatry found that stress can cause structural damage and accelerate the shrinking process.
海马体是大脑中负责记忆和感情的部分。随着年龄增加，它会不断缩小。不过，《精神医学最新观点》发现，压力会造成海马体结构性损伤，加速缩小进程。
“Cortisol is released when you’re stressed and cortisol is toxic to the hippocampus,” explains lead study author Linda Mah, an assistant professor of psychiatry at the University of Toronto and clinical scientist at the Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care. Before you get anxious about how stress and anxiety are affecting your brain, know this: The researchers concluded that “pathological anxiety and chronic stress” are the real dangers, meaning the kind that’s unrelenting and never seems to go away. If you think that’s what you’re experiencing, talk to your doctor about ways to manage it.
“紧张时会释放出皮质醇，对海马体百害无利，”研究作者Linda Mah表示，同时他还是东京大学的精神学助教、Baycrest老年护理中心的临床科学家。在你焦急的想知道焦虑和紧张是如何影响大脑之前，先弄清楚这些：研究人员认为“病态焦虑和慢性压力”是真正的元凶，这些可是顽固性因子。如果你觉得自己有这些症状，和医生谈谈解决办法。
Dr. Mah led another study in focusing on people with mild cognitive impairment, or MCI. (MCI is considered a precursor to Alzheimer’s. Not everyone with MCI develops Alzheimer’s, but almost all cases of Alzheimer’s start as MCI.) Subjects who experienced anxiety at any time were more likely to progress to Alzheimer’s during the three-year study. The more severe the anxiety, the higher the risk.
Mah医生在做了另一项研究，关注那些患有轻度认知障碍(MCI)的人。MCI是老年痴呆症的早期疾病，不是每一个有MCI的人都会得老年痴呆症，但是大多老年痴呆症的病人都是从患有MCI开始的。在这三年的研究中，容易焦虑的人更容易得老年痴呆症。焦虑程度越高，患病风险也越高。
What you can do: You’ve heard this before, but managing your stress levels is incredibly important. Exercise may be particularly helpful in dealing with work worries, according to a new study in the journal Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, which reported that being physically fit helped protect against the health effects of work-related stress.
解决方法：你之前可能听说过，学会控制压力至关重要。《运动医学与科学》杂志最新研究表明，锻炼也许能帮助减轻工作压力。同时，健康的身体也会帮助我们抵抗工作压力带来的不利影响。
Sleepless Nights
夜间失眠
What they age: Your cells
老化部位：细胞
The science: A startling discovery comes via a study in Biological Psychiatry, which reported that women with five key symptoms of insomnia were almost two years older biologically than women of the same age without sleep issues. (The insomnia symptoms were difficulty falling asleep, restlessness, waking up during the night, trouble dozing off again and waking up too early.) This study didn’t show an obvious cause-and-effect relationship, but study author Steve Horvath, PhD, notes that it’s still good not to let sleep issues linger.
科学研究：生物精神病学研究有一项惊人的发现，有五大失眠症状的女性在生理上要比同龄女性老两岁。五大失眠症包括入睡困难、情绪不安、夜间易醒、午休困难、过早起床。该研究并未显示明显的因果关系，但是研究作者Steve Horvath博士表示还是要解决这些失眠问题。
What you can do: Treat the insomnia. If you’re having trouble sleeping, or notice any of the five symptoms above, ask your doctor for help.
解决方法：治疗失眠。如果你入睡困难，有上述症状，向医生寻求帮助。
An Expanding Waistline
腰围增加
What it ages: Your brain
老化部位：大脑
The science: Our brains naturally lose white matter with age, but researchers from the University of Cambridge found that the brains of overweight and obese people had the same amount of white matter as healthy people 10 years older than them. Being physically unfit in middle age was also linked to smaller brain size, according to research in Neurology.
科学研究：大脑中的白质会随年龄增加而不断损耗。剑桥大学的研究人员发现，体重超重的人大脑中的白质与与比自己大10岁的人含量相当。神经病学研究表明，中年人身体不健康也会导致脑容量减小。
What you can do: Get regular exercise (the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic exercise, or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise, per week) and manage your weight to help keep your brain at a healthy size for your age.
解决方法：锻炼。美国卫生与人类服务部建议，每周至少要有150分钟的有氧运动，或是75分钟的剧烈运动。并且要控制体重，以此保证正常的大脑容量。
篇3：GRE备考科学背单词计划方法经验
GRE备考科学背单词计划方法经验
选择合适教材，制订背诵计划
首先，对于新GRE词汇怎么背才有效这个问题，选择一本合适的词汇书是非常重要的，开始的第一步不能走错。现在最受推荐追捧的词汇书是红宝书，新人必备。然后建议各位考生根据自己的实际英语水平，原有的单词量和当前可利用的学习时间来制定一个详细的严格重复GRE词汇背诵计划。
背诵词汇没有捷径，打好基础是关键
每一个准备考GRE的考生，英语水平情况各不相同，所谓的什么“核心词汇和高频词汇”不可能适用于每一个考生，所以大家背单词，最好按照四六级词汇+GRE词汇的一个完整线路把词汇系统的去背一遍，既记牢基础词汇又把那些高难单词枪毙掉，尤其是中学的同学去准备国外考试，更应该把四六级词汇好好地背背，打下一个坚实的基础。
这部分基础单词+ GRE核心词汇将保证GRE考生在考试时，阅读中选项无任何单词障碍。这两部分总共八千多个单词听起来可不是个小数目，但实际上考生往往只掌握了其中的三分之一左右，需要大家好好打下一个词汇基础。对于剩下的三分之二的单词，必须制定一个严格的2-3个月的背单词计划和有效的利用词汇记忆法，天天背一些，而不是企图“10天就突破GRE单词”。
背单词需要科学有效的记忆方法
背单词最重要的是要进行科学有效地重复复习，克服单词的自然遗忘。我们要在记忆中复习，在复习中记忆，一步一步层层推进：
根据艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线：距离记忆的时间越短发生遗忘的速度越快，我们应该在刚刚背过单词的时候以相对高的频率复习，半个月之内科学地重复，在较长时间以后则可以降低复习的频率。
比如制定一个背词计划时间表(仅供参考)：假设每天要背100个生词，每天分成两个时间段来背，可以早上和晚上，每个时间段最少保持一个小时，第一遍可以把单词解释和例句看仔细，然后以较快速度反复去背其重点释义，一般背前面两个意思，至于用法和搭配则可先略看，留待复习时再说，这样一个时间段就可以快速重复6-7遍了，一天就可以重复10遍以上了。
以后每天看新的单词之前可以先复习前两天的内容2遍，每天重复前两天的内容，一个礼拜再把这个礼拜所背的单词再快速复习3--5遍，半个月再把这半个月所背的单词快速复习5遍，这样的操作，就可以有效地解决遗忘的问题。
这里再强调一点，为了不至于背了后面忘了前面，最好保持一个背词的快速重复，用较短时间把词汇书从A到Z第一遍先过完，每天再按一定的量背，如果每天只背5个、10个词的念头当休矣，这会把战线拖得过长，事实证明记忆效果极差，一天背的数量可以增加，不要期待自己第一遍就把所有的单词全部记住，能记住三分之二就可以了。另外在背词过程当中，对于反复遗忘的生词应该在前面用红笔做个标记，每天重点看这些生词，用逐步淘汰法把重点单词重点去记，抓紧点滴时间重点记忆。
GRE词汇精选推荐
1.derivative /d?’r?v?t?v/ adj. 模仿他人的; 衍生的; 派生的 n. 派生物, 引出物
【解词】源自derive v.源于; de-=向下，riv-=river;因此这个词的根本含义是“沿着河流缓缓向下”，即“来源于”。
【例句】a highly derivative prose style. 毫无创意的散文风格
2.ignoble /?ɡ’nobl/ adj. 卑鄙的, 可耻的;出身低微的, 地位低下的
【解词】i-=im-=not;gnob-=well-know; famous,(其实就是noble的词根解释) 因此ignoble表示“卑鄙的，可耻的”。记单词的话，也可以直接通过后面的noble记忆，会更容易些。
【例句】And you may say in your innocence, “How noble is the one and how ignoble is the other.” 你也许在无意中说出”这一个是多么高洁而那一个又是多么卑贱。”
3.accolade /‘?k?led/ n. 嘉奖;赞许
【解词】acc-=强调;col-=neck,(如collar 领子); 最初含义是将某物(花环之类的)环绕在脖子上，授予爵位。引申为“嘉奖，赞许”。
【例句】The play received accolades from the press. 这部戏受到报纸的称赞。
4.balk /b?k/ vt. 阻止;推诿;错过 n. 障碍;错误
【例句】I wanted to buy the dress, but I balked at the high price. 我本想买这件连衣裙, 但一看价钱太高就犹豫了。
5.felicitous /f?’l?s?t?s/ adj. (措词等)恰当的,贴切的
【解词】felic-=幸福的(fe-=吮吸，lic-=lure 诱惑，美好的东西，推断最初含义是孩子吮吸母亲的乳头得到幸福感)。-ous为形容词后缀，因此表示“恰当的，贴切的”。
【例句】Nationalization is a word which is neither very felicitous nor free from ambiguity. 国有化是个既不十分贴切,意义也颇含糊的用语。
6.cardinal /‘kɑrd?nl/ adj. 主要的，基本的;深红色的 n. 红衣主教
【解词】cord-=heart;心，因此cardinal 表示“核心的，主要的;红色的”。
【同根词】cordial /‘k?rd??l/ adj. 兴奋的;热忱的，诚恳的
【例句】This is a matter of cardinal significance. 这是非常重要的事。
7.checkered /‘t??k?d/ adj. 多变的
【解词】来自checker n. (用来下棋的，64格的)方格图案，棋子 vt. 使(某物)呈现方格图案或不同颜色或不同深浅的方格。
【例句】The ground under the trees was checkered with sunlight and shade. 林地光影交错。
8.inflammatory /?n’fl?m?'t?ri/ adj. <贬>刺激性的;煽动性的;炎性的;发炎的
【解词】in-=en;flam-=flame，火;使点着火的，即“刺激性的，煽动性的”。
【例句】He gave a inflammatory address to the audience. 他对听众发表了煽动性的讲话。
9.approbation /‘?pr?'be??n/ n. 认可;许可;批准
【解词】app-=强调;prob-=prov-=test;证明，测试;-ation为名词后缀，表示“行为、过程或结果”;因此approbation表示“去证明”，引申为“认可，许可”。
【同义词】approval /?’pruvl/ n. 赞成;批准;认可
【例句】The play received the approbation of the mass media. 这个剧本受到大众媒体的欢迎。
10.misanthrope /‘m?s?nθrop/ n. 不愿与人来往者;厌恶人类的人
【解词】mis-=错误，坏;anthrop-=human being;人类;因此misanthrope 表示“厌恶人类”。
【例句】I used to worry that my discomfort at weddings meant that I was a misanthrope. 我曾经担心我对婚礼感到不舒服会不会是因为我是个愤世嫉俗者。
GRE词汇精选推荐
1.feeble /‘fibl/ adj. 虚弱的, 衰弱的, 无力的
【例句】She replied in but a feeble voice. 她仅能以微弱的声音回答。
2.lavish /‘l?v??/ adj. 浪费的;丰富的;大方的 vt. 浪费;慷慨给予;滥用
【解词】lav-=冲，水流;像流水一样多，引申为“浪费的，大方的”。
【例句】lavish money upon one's pleasures 乱花钱去寻欢作乐
3.turbulent /‘t?bj?l?nt/ adj. 骚动的; 骚乱的; 汹涌的
【解词】turb-=stir，搅拌;因此turbulent表示受到搅动的，引申为“骚动的，骚乱的”。
【例句】turbulent, revolutionary undercurrents. 骚动的、革命的暗流
4.grand /ɡr?nd/ adj. 宏伟的;豪华的;极重要的
【例句】a performance in the grand manner. 出众的表演。
5.unfounded /?n’fa?nd?d/ adj. 无事实根据的;无基础的
【解词】un-=not;found 建立，根基。
【例句】unfounded suspicions; 毫无依据的怀疑;
6.yield /jild/ vt. 出产;屈服;放弃
【例句】This land yields well. 这块土地产量高。
7.scatter /‘sk?t?/ vi. 分散，散开;散射
【例句】Don't scatter your strength . 不要分散精力。
8.penetrating /‘p?n?tret??/ adj. 敏锐的,有洞察力的;聪明的
【解词】penetr-=enter 进入，穿透。
【例句】The cold is very penetrating today. 今日寒气逼人。
9.counterpart /‘ka?nt?pɑrt/ n. 与对方地位相当的人, 与另一方作用相当的物
【解词】counter-=against，相对的。
【例句】The sales directress phoned her counterpart in the other firm. 销售部的女经理给另一家公司的销售部经理打了电话。
10.polish /?pol??/ n. 磨光，擦亮 vi. 擦亮，变光滑
【解词】pol-=smooth,光滑的。
【例句】We can soon polish off that job. 我们能很快干完那工作。(polish off 完成)
英语词汇
篇4：GRE阅读备考建议
GRE阅读备考建议
一、提高技能
其实，提高GRE阅读能力是提高几项具体技能，比如对文章结构的把握(这是做主题和态度题的关键)、对常规考点的熟悉程度、以及对原文与选项之间相应规则的掌握。
如果你只是盲目地做问题，不总结和积累需要掌握的知识和技能，那么做问题的目的只是为了赶上进度，没有任何改进的帮助。因此，在进行gre阅读练习时，不应盲目追求阅读量，而应真正提高阅读质量。
此外，GRE阅读是一个长期的过程，更不用说几天的练习会有效果。即使你做了很长时间，只要你的方法是正确的，效果可能并不明显。因此，这一次是最关键的时刻，往往离胜利只有一步之遥。如果我们坚持下去，我们就会得到启发。
二。掌握文章的结构
文章的结构是阅读问题整体思维的关键。gre阅读备考, gre考试培训掌握文章的结构，就会知道文章的大致脉络，文章的大致意思几乎是一样的。文章的结构类型和标志词，gre阅读备考, gre备考要多久以及文章的结构类型和主题之间的关系，仔细分析一个主题的正确答案是如何描述原文的主题和结构的，事实上，正确答案是文章中心句的改写形式，最重要的是找出原文的中心句，这有助于读者更深入地理解原文的结构。有效的方法。
三、熟悉定期考点
俗话说，知己知彼，百战百胜。如果你想快速克服GRE阅读困难，你需要了解问题制造者的想法。根据题目，我们可以推断出原来的考点，考查了原文的哪些内容，是否注意到这些内容并加以标注，这些内容中可以总结出哪些规律和特色词。这个总结很重要。如果坚持下去，过一段时间就会发现一些固定的原创问题，将来读原创时自然会注意到。
GRE阅读：长难句分析
However，as they gained cohesion，the Bluestockings came to regard themselves as a women’s group and to possess a sense of female solidarity lacking in the salonnieres，who remained isolated from one another by the primacy each held in her own salon. (4-)
起初，蓝袜女们确实模仿了法国沙龙女主人，将男性襄括到其小圈子中来。然则，随着她们获得的凝聚力，她们渐趋将自己视作一女性团体，并拥有了一种妇女团结意识，而这种意识在法国沙龙女主人身上则荡然无存，因为她们每个人在其自己的沙龙中自视甚高而彼此孤立隔绝开来。
难句类型：复杂修饰
解释：本句读到表示并列的连词and开始变难。and之后的不定式与前面的不定式是并列的，to的前面省略了一个与前面一样的谓语came。 lacking之后的分词作定语修饰a sense of female solidarity其后的由who引导的定语从句又修饰逗号前面的salonnieres此从句中又有一个定语从句that each salonniere held in her own salon修饰其前的primacy,但是由于引导词that在从句中作宾语，因此被省略。
GRE阅读：解析倒装句
在GRE阅读中，考生往往会因为倒装结构的不清晰导致无法理顺整个句子的结构与来龙去脉，所谓倒装也就是为了实现强调句子的某个成分对原有句子结构进行的语言顺序上的某些调整和变化。某些情况往往说话人也会为了某种修辞目的采用倒装结构，修辞目的的倒装结构以文学作品居多。通常在考试的情况下，试题命题人往往会出于某种迷惑考生的目的，有意将句子结构进行改写，在GRE阅读的很多文章中我们都可以发现这种情况。下面我们就结合几个典型的实例来对倒装结构进行分析常见倒装搭配的几种情况：
及物动词加介词：固定词组的固定搭配中，经常出现倒装情况。
例如：bring A to B，写作：Bring to B A例：Yet Walter’s argument , however deficient , does point to one of the most serious weaknesses of capitalism-namely , that it brings to predominant positions in a society people who ,no matter how legitimately they have earned their material rewards , often lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration.
翻译：然而，沃尔泽的论点，无论它不充分到何种地步，确实揭示了资本主义体制中最为严重的一个弱点，即它将某一类人置于社会中的显赫位置，这类人无论以怎样合法的手段获得了其物质报酬，却常常缺乏其它那些能唤起他人爱戴和钦佩的品质。
如果从bring A to B的角度去分析这个句子，则这个句子应该将people who....or admiration写到it brings 后面，之所以原句子不这样做，则遵循了英语的句尾信息焦点原则，从而尾部信息成为一种受到强调的部位.根据这条原则，说话人要强调什么意思，便可以让他出现在句子的句尾，而传递的信息便主次分明了.句尾信息焦点和“尾重”原则就是采用这一原理.对比下面这两句话：
The patient was taken good care of, and began to recover immediately.
The patient was taken good care of, and immediately began to recover.
这两个句子的意思都是病人受到了很好的照顾，很快开始康复。但第一句的意义重心是immediately, 强调了康复的速度，而第二句的意义重心则在于“康复”而不强调“马上”。
另外上面的第一个例句中的倒装部分还考虑了一个因素，那就是使之读起来不至于让人产生头重脚轻的感觉，而“people who....or admiration”带有一个较长的定语从句，所以就放在了末尾，另外作者在本句中所强调的部分显然是“often lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration，却常常缺乏其它那些能唤起他人爱戴和钦佩的品质”另外“no matter how......material rewards”为本句当中的一个插入语成分
篇5：GRE阅读备考经验
GRE阅读备考经验分享：要学会取舍和做好标记
1、一句话只看一遍，充分利用自己的语法知识，时刻把握句子主干，修饰成分要毫无感觉得快速浏览。
2、做标记除了大写字母、时间年代、最高级、转折标志词、因果标志词、列举、让步、强对比以外，还要标记出并列连接词、分号、冒号、表示态度的词，原因我会在下面的取舍中谈到。我的做标记的小窍门：标记符号不要只用一种，也不要过多，个人感觉最多三种，分别标记原因、转折和其他，不过我自己只用下划线和括号。
3、一定要取舍。
我以前的标准是：
a)让步分句一律跳过，只看后半个分句;
b)such as后的内容一律跳过，也用括号括起来，不过我会数数列举的个数，如果是4个，则必出题，其他个数不用管，出题了再回头看;
c)for example举例只要提炼关键词的首字母就可以了，也要括起来，重点看后面或前面的结论。
d)原因——标志词常为because、since——一律跳过，括起来，只看结果。比较容易被忽略的是result in和result from，遇到这两个，我在下面划横线做标记。
e)老观点只把握关键词、知道讲的是什么就行，其他一律跳过。
f)冒号后一律跳过，冒号下做标记。
g)分号后一律跳过，因为表示并列，内容和前面大体一致，分号做标记，出题的话再回来看。
我现在的标准是：
上面这些全看，因为速度上来了，但看这些内容时仍然是“毫无感觉”地看，可以不用担心它们会分散注意力了。
当这些内容都做标记后，文章结构就非常清楚了，哪儿是举例、哪儿是结论、哪儿是原因、哪儿是转折一目了然，定位非常容易。
4.我的提高阅读速度的不二法门：反复阅读已经读过的文章，5遍左右吧!慢慢地就会产生一种直觉，知道哪里略读哪里重读。
新GRE逻辑阅读
1.Patel:Although enrollment in the region's high school has been decreasing for several years, enrollment at the elementary school has grown considerably. Therefore, the regional school board proposes building a new elementary school.
Quintero: Another solution would be to convert some high school classrooms temporarily into classrooms for elementary school students. Which of the following, if true, most helps to support
Quintero's alternative proposal?
(A) Some rooms at the high school cannot be con-verted into rooms suitable for the use of ele-mentary school students.
(B) The cost of building a high school is higher than the cost of building an elementary school.
(C) Although the birth rate has not increased, the number of families sending their children to the region's high school has increased markedly.
(D) A high school atmosphere could jeopardize the safety and self-confidence of elementary school students.
(E) Even before the region's high school population began to decrease, several high school class-rooms rarely needed to be used.
2. Peter: More than ever before in Risland, college graduates with science deGREes are accepting permanent jobs in other fields. That just goes to show that scientists in Risland are not being paid enough.
Lila: No, it does not. These graduates are not working in science for the simple reason that there are not enough jobs in science in Risland to employ all of these graduates.
Which of the following, if true in Risland, would most undermine the reasoning in Peter's argument?
(A) The college graduates with science deGREes who are not working in science are currently earning lower salaries than they would earn as scientists.
(B) Fewer college students than ever before are receiving deGREes in science.
(C) The number of jobs in science has steadily risen in the last decade.
(D) A significant number of college graduates with science deGREes worked at low-paying jobs while they were in college.
(E) Every year some recent college graduates with science deGREes accept permanent jobs in nonscientific fields.
3.Counselor: Every year a popular newsmagazine pub-lishes a list of United States colleges, ranking them according to an overall numerical score that is a composite of ratings according to sev-eral criteria. However, the overall scores gen-erally should not be used by students as the basis for deciding to which colleges to apply.Which of the following, if true, most helps to justify the counselor's recommendation?
(A) The vast majority of people who purchase the magazine in which the list appears are not college-bound students.
(B) Colleges that are ranked highest in the magazine's list use this fact in advertisements aimed at attracting students.
(C) The rankings seldom change from one year to the next.
(D) The significance that particular criteria have for any two students is likely to differ according to the students' differing needs.
(E) Some college students who are pleased with their schools considered the magazine's rankings before deciding which college to attend.
4. A thorough search of Edgar Allan Poe's correspon-dence has turned up not a single letter in which he mentions his reputed morphine addiction. On the basis of this evidence it is safe to say that Poe's reputation for having been a morphine addict is undeserved and that reports of his supposed addiction are untrue. Which of the following is assumed by the argumentabove?
(A) Reports claiming that Poe was addicted to mor-phine did not begin to circulate until after his death.
(B) None of the reports of Poe's supposed morphine addiction can be traced to individuals who actu-ally knew Poe.
(C) Poe's income from writing would not have been sufficient to support a morphine addiction.
(D) Poe would have been unable to carry on an extensive correspondence while under the influence of morphine.
(E) Fear of the consequences would not have pre-vented Poe from indicating in his correspon-dence that he was addicted to morphine.
5. Adelle: The government's program to reduce the unemployment rate in the province of Carthena by encouraging job creation has failed, since the rate there has not changed appreciably since the program began a year ago.
Fran: But the unemployment rate in Carthena had been rising for three years before the program began, so the program is helping.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly counters Fran's objection to Adelle's argument?
(A) The government is advised by expert economists, some of whom specialize in employment issues.
(B) The unemployment rate in the province of Carthena has historically been higher than that of the country as a whole.
(C) The current government was elected by a wide margin, because of its promises to reduce the unemployment rate in Carthena.
(D) Around the time the government program began, large numbers of unemployed Carthena residents began leaving the province to look for work elsewhere.
(E) The unemployment rate in Carthena had been relatively stable until shortly before the current government took office.
6. Soft Drink Manufacturer：Our new children's soft drink, RipeCal, is fortified with calcium. Since calcium is essential for developing healthy bones, drinking RipeCal regularly will help make children healthy. Consumer Advocate：But RipeCal also contains large amounts of sugar, and regularly consuming large amounts of sugar is unhealthful, especially for children. In responding to the soft drink manufacturer, the consumer advocate does which of the following?
(A)Challenges the manufacturer's claim about the nutritional value of calcium in children's diets
(B)Argues that the evidence cited by the manufac-turer, when properly considered, leads to a conclusion opposite to that reached by themanufacturer.
(C)Implies that the manufacturer of a product is typically unconcerned with the nutritional value of that product.
(D)Questions whether a substance that is healthful when eaten in moderation can be unhealthful when eaten in excessive amounts.
(E)Presents additional facts that call into question the conclusion drawn by the manufacturer.
7.Over a period of several months, researchers attached small lights to the backs of wetas—flightless insects native to New Zealand—enabling researchers for the first time to make comprehensive observations of the insects' nighttime activities.Thus, since wetas forage only at night, the researchers' observations will significantly improve knowledge of the normal foraging habits of wetas.Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
(A) Researchers were interested only in observing the wetas' foraging habits and so did not keep track of other types of behavior.
(B) No pattern of behavior that is exhibited by wetas during the nighttime is also exhibited by wetas during the daytime.
(C)Attaching the small lights to the wetas' backs did not GREatly alter the wetas' normal nighttime foraging habits.
(D)Wetas typically forage more frequently during the months in which the researchers studied them than they do at other times.
(E)The researchers did not use other observational techniques to supplement their method of using small lights to track the nighttime behavior of wetas.
8.People whose bodies cannot produce the substance cytochrome P450 are three times as likely to develop Parkinson's disease, a disease that affects the brain, as are people whose bodies do produce this substance. Since cytochrome P450 protects the brain from toxic chemicals, toxic chemicals probably play a role in the development of Parkinson's disease. Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the argument?
(A)It will soon be possible for cytochrome P450 to be synthesized for the treatment of people whose bodies cannot produce this substance.
(B)Many people whose bodies are unable to produce cytochrome P450 lack the ability to produce certain other substances as well.
(C)Cytochrome P450 has no effect on the brain other than to protect it from toxic chemicals.
(D)People with Parkinson's disease often exhibit a marked lessening in the severity of their symp- toms when they are treated with dopamine, a chemical produced naturally in the brain.
(E)Many people with Parkinson's disease have the ability to produce cytochrome P450 naturally.
9.The early universe contained only the lightest elements, hydrogen and helium. Heavier elements, such as carbon, form only in nuclear reactions in stars and are dispersed when the stars explode. A recently discovered gas cloud contained carbon several billion years ago, when the universe wasno more than two billion years old.If the statements above are true, which of thefollowing must, on the basis of them, also be true?
(A)The earliest stars contained only hydrogen.
(B)Some stars were formed before the universe was two billion years old.
(C)The carbon in the gas cloud later formed part of some stars.
(D)No stars identified to date are as old as the gas cloud.
(E)The gas cloud also contained hydrogen andhelium.
10.Sleep deprivation is a known cause of workplace error, and many physicians frequently go without sleep for periods of 24 hours or more. However, few of these physicians have, in the course of a routine examination by a peer, been diagnosed with sleep deprivation.So there is little cause for concern that habitual sleep deprivation will cause widespread physician error. The answer to which of the following questions would be most helpful in evaluating the argument?
(A)Do physicians who have been diagnosed with sleep disorders also show signs of other ills not related to sleep deprivation?
(B)Is the ability to recognize the symptoms of sleep deprivation in others significantly impaired by habitual sleep deprivation?
(C)Do factors other than habitual sleep deprivation ever lead to errors in the workplace on the part of physicians?
(D)Of people who have recently been treated by physicians, what percentage believe that many physicians have occasionally suffered from sleep deprivation?
(E)Is the incidence of sleep deprivation higher among physicians than it is among other health care workers?
11.A list of the fifteen operas most frequently performed in recent times includes no works by the nineteenth- century German composer Richard Wagner. Although music producers tend to produce what audiences want, relative infrequency of performance probably does not indicate lack of popularity in Wagner's case, since Wagner's operas are notoriously expensive to perform on stage. Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the conclusion of the argument above?
(A)The list of most frequently performed operas does not include operas produced by small amateur groups.
(B)Some opera companies are backed by patrons who are willing to commit large sums of money in order to enjoy lavish productions.
(C)All of the fifteen most frequently performed operas of recent times are works that have been popular for at least 75 years.
(D)More recordings have been produced recently of the works of Wagner than of the works of any other composer of opera.
(E)Operatic works of all kinds have been increasing in popularity in recent years.
12.The bodies of dwarf individuals of mammalian species are generally smaller in relation to those of nondwarf individuals than are the teeth of the dwarf individuals in relation to those of the nondwarf indi- viduals. Fragmentary skeletal remains of an adult dwarf woolly mammoth were recently found. The teeth are three-fourths the size of the teeth of an average adult nondwarf woolly mammoth. The statements above, if true, most strongly support which of the following?
(A)The body of the dwarf woolly mammoth was less than three-fourths the size of the body of an average adult nondwarf woolly mammoth.
(B)None of the teeth of the dwarf woolly mammoth that were recently discovered was as large as any of the teeth of nondwarf woolly mammoths that have been discovered.
(C)The teeth of most adult dwarf individuals of mammalian species are three- fourths the size of the teeth of the adult nondwarf individuals of the same species.
(D)Dwarf woolly mammoths had the same number of teeth as did nondwarf woolly mammoths.
(E)Dwarf individuals of most mammalian species are generally no more than three-fourths the size of the adult nondwarf individuals of those species.
13.Excluding purchases by businesses, the average amount spent on a factory-new car has risen 30 per- cent in the last five years. In the average household budget, the proportion spent on car purchases has remained unchanged in that period. Therefore the average household budget must have increased by 30 percent over the last five years.Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies?
(A)The average number of factory-new cars pur-chased per household has remained unchanged over the last five years.
(B)The average amount spent per car by businesses buying factory-new cars has risen 30 percent in the last five years.
(C)The proportion of the average household budgetspent on all car-related expenses has remained unchanged over the last five years.
(D)The proportion of the average household budget spent on food and housing has remained unchanged over the last five years.
(E)The total amount spent nationwide on factory- new cars has increased by 30 percent over the last five years.
篇6：雅思阅读掌握科学备考方法
雅思阅读掌握科学备考方法事半功倍
孰能生巧的道理相信大家都知道，大家在模拟训练的时候一定要注意把控考试时间。考生要在规定的时间内网上题目与答题卡填写，一个小时的时间是十分紧张的。考生们一定要多加训练，落实英语基础，才能完成雅思阅读考试所有题目。
步骤二、一口气完成三篇阅读
考生如果雅思备考时间比较充裕，考生可以考虑使用这种方法，此种方法考生可以不记时间的完成三篇文章，考生要精读文章，对文中出现的词组和不认识的单词，都要认真吃透。考生可以不断积累大量的词汇与表达，提高阅读速度。
步骤三、严格控制时间每次阅读一篇文章
考生可以利用20分钟去阅读一篇文章，这种方法可以增加考生的紧迫感，提高自己的英语阅读能力。这种方法也可以增加阅读准确率。
步骤四、整理同义词汇
考生雅思阅读训练的时候要注意整理同义词，同义词汇的整理对雅思口语和雅思阅读都是有帮助的。考生如果能够熟练掌握雅思同义词的话，雅思备考是可以达到事半功倍的效果。
雅思阅读材料：EQ高也是一把双刃剑
Emotional intelligence, or EQ, is the ability to read and understand emotions in ourselves and others. It is said that emotional intelligence accounts for 80 percent of one’s success.
情商也称EQ，是一种读懂自身和他人情绪的能力。据说一个人的成功80%取决于情商的高低。
That’s almost certainly an exaggeration. But ever since the 1995 publication of US psychologist and science writer Daniel Goleman’s best-seller, Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ, EQ has been seen by leaders and educators as the solution to many social problems. In some Western countries such as the US, emotional intelligence is now taught widely in secondary, business and medical schools.
这一说法虽然略显夸张。但是自从1995年美国心理学家兼科学作家丹尼尔?戈尔曼的畅销书《情商:它为什么比智商更重要》出版以来，很多领导者和教育家都将情商视为解决诸多社会问题的关键。如今，在美国等西方国家，在中学、商学院和医学院中情商教学随处可见。
Anti-social behavior
反社会行为
EQ is important. But our enthusiasm for it has obscured a dark side, says a recent article in The Atlantic.
美国《大西洋月刊》近日刊登文章称，情商固然重要，但是人们的趋之若鹜却掩盖了它的黑暗面。
Weapon of mass emotion
操纵大众情绪的武器
Recent research and studies show that as people improve their emotional skills, they become better at manipulating others. When someone knows what others are feeling, they can tug at their heartstrings and motivate them to act against their own best interests.
最新研究表明，随着人们情商能力的提高，他们会更擅长操纵他人。当一个人能了解别人的感受时，他就可以撩动他们的心弦，促使他们做出违背自身最大利益的行为。
Does this remind you of those “managers” at pyramid scheme companies? Hundreds of thousands of otherwise cautious and rational people have been brainwashed by their impassioned speeches and become bankrupt as a result.
这是否会令你联想到那些非法传销公司的“经理”们?无数处事理智而谨慎的人被他们激情澎湃的演讲洗脑，最后却落得个倾家荡产的下场。
Social scientists have begun to document this dark side of emotional intelligence. A study by the University of Cambridge found that when a leader gave an inspiring speech filled with emotion, the audience was less likely to scrutinize the message and remembered less of the content.
社会科学家已经开始研究情商的黑暗面。剑桥大学一项研究发现，当一名领导人充满激情地演讲时，听众不会太注意其传达的信息，并且记住的内容也很少。
Researchers call this the “awestruck effect”, but it may just as easily be described as the dumbstruck effect, says The Atlantic article. Leaders who master emotions can rob us of our capacity to reason. If they have self-serving motives, or their values are out of step with our own, emotional intelligence becomes a weapon of manipulation and the results can be devastating.
据《大西洋月刊》报道，研究人员将其称为“敬畏效应”，但它也很容易被描述成“惊吓效应”。善于掌控情绪的领导者会让我们丧失辨别是非的能力。当他们产生谋私利的动机，或者他们的价值观与我们的不合拍时，情商就会变成操控他人情绪的武器，其后果不堪设想。
Hidden agenda
隐藏的动机
This is consistent with another recent study from Kyoto University. According to The Huffington Post, the study shows that “people with high interpersonal EQ influence others’ emotions based on their own goals”.
该观点与日本京都大学的一项研究成果不谋而合。据《赫芬顿邮报》报道，该研究表明：“高情商者会根据自己的目标去干扰他人情绪”。
A research team led by University College London professor Martin Kilduff shed more light on this dark side of emotional intelligence. According to them, emotional intelligence helps people disguise one set of emotions while expressing another for personal gain. Emotionally intelligent people “intentionally shape their emotions to fabricate favorable impressions of themselves”, Kilduff’s team writes in the journal Research in Organizational Behavior. “The strategic disguise of one’s own emotions and the manipulation of others’ emotions for strategic ends are behaviors evident not only on Shakespeare’s stage but also in the offices and corridors where power and influence are traded.”
伦敦大学学院的马丁?吉尔达夫教授带领一支研究小组揭开了情商的黑暗面。该小组称，人们为了谋取私利，会掩饰情绪，当面一套背后一套。情商高的人“会故意给人留下对自己有利的印象”。吉尔达夫率领的研究小组在《组织行为研究》期刊中写道：“采取策略来伪装个人情绪，同时为了达到战略目的而操控他人情绪，这些行为不仅出现在莎翁的戏剧中，在交易权力和影响力的场所也十分常见。”
It seems that to better understand the dark side of EQ, we need look no further than Shakespeare’s Macbeth or its modern adaption on TV: House of Cards.
看来，要想更好地了解情商的黑暗面，我们只需看看莎翁名著《麦克白》或者它的现代电视剧版——《纸牌屋》就够了。
雅思阅读材料：英国男子用短信发莎士比亚全集
A Bristol graphic designer who was ripped off by an internet seller has turned to Shakespeare to get his revenge.
在英国西部的港口城市布里斯托尔，一位平面设计师被一个网上卖家骗了，他让莎士比亚帮他报仇了。
Edd Joseph, 24, who lives in the city with his girlfriend, was furious when he bought a PS3 games console for ?80 and the seller failed to deliver the goods.
24岁的艾德-约瑟夫和女朋友定居在这里，当得知他在网上花了80英镑买的PS3游戏机后卖家没有给他发货时，他非常愤怒。
So Edd decided to take his revenge by sending him the entire works of the Bard - by text.
所以艾德决定报仇——把莎士比亚所有的作品全文用短信发给那个卖家。
Edd discovered he could copy the words from the internet and paste them into a text message - without costing him a penny on his unlimited mobile phone package.
艾德发现他可以从网上复制文字再粘贴到短信里，而他自己因为有无限的手机短信包而不用花一个子儿。
He sends it as one text but his victim can only receive them in 160 character chunks - meaning the 37 works of Shakespeare will buzz through in 29,305 individual texts.
他只用一条短信就能发送整部书的内容，但是他的复仇对象只能每次接收160个字符——意味着莎士比亚的37部作品将会通过29305条短信向他“嗡嗡嗡”得狂轰乱炸。
So far Edd has sent 22 plays including Hamlet, Macbeth and Othello which have been delivered in 17,424 texts.
迄今为止，艾德已经发送了22个剧本，包括《哈姆雷特》《麦克白》和《奥赛罗》。这些文字已经通过17424条短信发送出去了。
He reckons the remaining 15 works will take another few days to send - meaning his adversary's phone will have been constantly beeping for nearly a week.
他预计剩下的15部作品还要花上几天送达——意味着骗子的手机将会在将近一周的时间里不停地振动。
Edd has now started getting abusive replies from the seller.
那位卖家已经回了很多条短信来骂他。
He said: “I got the first reply after an hour, and then a few more abusive messages after that. His phone must have been going off pretty constantly for hours.
他说：“一个小时后我收到了第一条回复短信，之后他又回了几条短信来骂我。他的手机肯定已经连续关机好几个小时了。”
”I'm going to keep doing it. If nothing else I'm sharing a little bit of culture with someone who probably doesn't have much experience of it.”
“我还要继续发。没什么，我只是想让某个没文化的人感受一下什么叫文化。”
篇7：GRE阅读提分有哪些备考方法
GRE阅读提分有哪些备考方法需要学习
新GRE阅读提高方法解析：熟悉考点
新GRE考试阅读首先要熟悉常考考点。俗化说，知己知彼，百战百胜。要想迅速攻克新GRE阅读难关，就要了解出题者的思维。根据题目反推原文考点，题目都考了原文哪些内容，自己有没有关注到这些内容并做标记，这些内容都有什么可总结的规律、特征词。这样总结非常重要，如果坚持下去，很短一段时间后，就会发现一些固定的原文出题点，日后再读原文的时候也就会自然而然地关注它们了。
新GRE阅读提高方法解析：充足的词汇
GRE阅读部分所需掌握的单词想比整个GRE考试对于考生词汇量上的要求来讲，其实并不太大。这些词往往都是一些GRE阅读专属词汇，且重复率很高，只需要在平时练习时多积累总结，集中背诵一下就可以解决基本问题。
新GRE阅读提高方法解析：提高阅读质量
提高新GRE阅读其实说得细致点就是提高几种具体的技能，比如对文章结构的把握(这是做主旨题和态度题的关键)，对常考新GRE考试考点的熟悉程度，对原文和选项之间的文字对应规律的掌握等。GRE阅读理解高分突破如果只是一味地做题，没有针对所需掌握地知识点和技能进行总结和积累，那么做题的目的只是一味的为了赶进度，对于提高没有任何帮助。因此，在做新GRE考试阅读练习的时候，不要盲目地追求阅读的数量，要真正提高新GRE阅读的质量。
新GRE阅读提高方法解析：提高理解能力
GRE阅读有很多阅读技巧，但本质和基础还是对于句子的理解能力。首先要对文章的大意甚至对一些具体的内容有一定的理解的基础上，这些技巧才能发挥作用。所以，提高对于阅读中句子的理解能力是备考过程中需要特别留意的。
新GRE阅读提高方法解析：无需完整阅读全文
要靠读懂全文来做对题，对中国考生来说是一件很难的事情，即使把文章全部翻译成中文，也很难在如此短的时间内逐字逐句理解全文，更何况是生词连篇、复杂难懂的英文，所以我们要靠快速读文法，学会抓重点。
新GRE阅读提高方法解析：坚持练习
新GRE考试阅读是一个长期的过程，不是说练习几天就会有效果的。哪怕你的方法是正确的，可能短期效果也不是很明显。所以，这个时候是最关键的时候，往往离胜利就在一步之间，坚持住可能就会豁然开朗。
GRE阅读结构解析
1.一句话只看一遍，充分利用自己的语法知识，时刻把握句子主干，修饰成分要毫无感觉得快速浏览(这里的“毫无感觉”不是略读，而是不希望过多的修饰成分或插入成分影响对句子主干的理解，这四个字需要自己体会)。
2.做标记除了大写字母、时间年代、最高级、转折标志词、因果标志词、列举、让步、强对比以外，还要标记出并列连接词(如and)、分号、冒号、表示作者态度的词(这个比较难，需要自己体会收集)，原因我会在下面的取舍中谈到。我的做标记的小窍门：标记符号不要只用一种(如下划线)，也不要过多，个人感觉最多三种(如括号、圆圈、下划线)，分别标记原因、转折和其他，不过我自己只用下划线和括号。
3.一定要取舍。我以前的标准是：
a)让步分句(如：带although的分句、带itistrue的分句、带do的分句等)一律跳过(但是用括号括起来)，只看后半个分句;
b)suchas后的内容一律跳过，也用括号括起来，不过我会数数列举的个数，如果是4个，则必出题，其他个数不用管，出题了再回头看;
c)forexample举例只要提炼关键词的首字母就可以了，也要括起来，重点看后面或前面的结论。
d)原因——标志词常为BECause、since——一律跳过，括起来，只看结果。比较容易被忽略的是resultin和resultfrom，遇到这两个，我在下面划横线做标记。
e)老观点只把握关键词、知道讲的是什么就行，其他一律跳过。
f)冒号后一律跳过，冒号下做标记。
g)分号后一律跳过，因为表示并列，内容和前面大体一致，分号做标记，出题的话再回来看。
现在的标准是：上面这些全看，因为速度上来了，但看这些内容时仍然是“毫无感觉”地看，可以不用担心它们会分散注意力了。
新GRE阅读问题整理
(1) General Understanding:
主要是解决两个问题：
A. Main Idea or Point
B. Lical Development or Organization
(2) Specific Understanding:
主要是解决两个问题：
A. Specific Details
B. Lical Details(细节中最为重要的东西，也是最需要我们在读文章时思考和掌握的细节)
(3) Evaluating:
主要是解决三个问题：
A. Implication
B. Further application
C. Tone / attitude
GRE阅读备考
篇8：GRE备考科学背单词计划方法经验心得
GRE备考科学背单词计划方法经验心得分享
选择合适教材，制订背诵计划
首先，对于新GRE词汇怎么背才有效这个问题，选择一本合适的词汇书是非常重要的，开始的第一步不能走错。现在最受推荐追捧的词汇书是红宝书，新人必备。然后建议各位考生根据自己的实际英语水平，原有的单词量和当前可利用的学习时间来制定一个详细的严格重复GRE词汇背诵计划。
背诵词汇没有捷径，打好基础是关键
每一个准备考GRE的考生，英语水平情况各不相同，所谓的什么“核心词汇和高频词汇”不可能适用于每一个考生，所以大家背单词，最好按照四六级词汇+GRE词汇的一个完整线路把词汇系统的去背一遍，既记牢基础词汇又把那些高难单词枪毙掉，尤其是中学的同学去准备国外考试，更应该把四六级词汇好好地背背，打下一个坚实的基础。
这部分基础单词+ GRE核心词汇将保证GRE考生在考试时，阅读中选项无任何单词障碍。这两部分总共八千多个单词听起来可不是个小数目，但实际上考生往往只掌握了其中的三分之一左右，需要大家好好打下一个词汇基础。对于剩下的三分之二的单词，必须制定一个严格的2-3个月的背单词计划和有效的利用词汇记忆法，天天背一些，而不是企图“10天就突破GRE单词”。
背单词需要科学有效的记忆方法
背单词最重要的是要进行科学有效地重复复习，克服单词的自然遗忘。我们要在记忆中复习，在复习中记忆，一步一步层层推进：
根据艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线：距离记忆的时间越短发生遗忘的速度越快，我们应该在刚刚背过单词的时候以相对高的频率复习，半个月之内科学地重复，在较长时间以后则可以降低复习的频率。
比如制定一个背词计划时间表(仅供参考)：假设每天要背100个生词，每天分成两个时间段来背，可以早上和晚上，每个时间段最少保持一个小时，第一遍可以把单词解释和例句看仔细，然后以较快速度反复去背其重点释义，一般背前面两个意思，至于用法和搭配则可先略看，留待复习时再说，这样一个时间段就可以快速重复6-7遍了，一天就可以重复10遍以上了。
以后每天看新的单词之前可以先复习前两天的内容2遍，每天重复前两天的内容，一个礼拜再把这个礼拜所背的单词再快速复习3--5遍，半个月再把这半个月所背的单词快速复习5遍，这样的操作，就可以有效地解决遗忘的问题。
这里再强调一点，为了不至于背了后面忘了前面，最好保持一个背词的快速重复，用较短时间把词汇书从A到Z第一遍先过完，每天再按一定的量背，如果每天只背5个、10个词的念头当休矣，这会把战线拖得过长，事实证明记忆效果极差，一天背的数量可以增加，不要期待自己第一遍就把所有的单词全部记住，能记住三分之二就可以了。另外在背词过程当中，对于反复遗忘的生词应该在前面用红笔做个标记，每天重点看这些生词，用逐步淘汰法把重点单词重点去记，抓紧点滴时间重点记忆。
以上内容就是关于如何正确有效背诵新GRE词汇的方法介绍，希望各位加新GRE考试的同学，可以藉此了解背诵GRE词汇的有效方法，对GRE考试有所帮助。
GRE考试反义词历年真题荟萃：A字头
abetobstruct教唆阻止
abjectspirited 沮丧的兴奋的
abolishestablish 废除建立
absolveinculpate赦免定罪
abstruseexplicit深奥的清晰的
adeptclumsy灵巧的笨拙的
adulatevilify 谄媚诽谤
aggrievedbuoyant 痛苦的高兴的
aggrievegratify{inspire}使痛苦使满足
algamationdisintegration 混合分离(no1)
allayaggravate 缓和加重
allay/alleviateexacerbate缓和加剧
allayprovoke to make quiet激起
allayirritate使镇静，使缓和刺激
alignednot affiliated(NO.1)
amalgamatedisintegrate (no1)聚集分解
amalgamationdisintegration (No.1)融合瓦解
apexnadir最高点最低点
artlesssophism朴实诡辩
artlessnesssophistication
(No.1) ascendencedecline权势衰落
ascendent declining (No.1) 上升下降
ascendantnonentity优势不存在
asceticsumptuous禁欲奢侈
asceticvoluptuary 禁欲者，苦行者酒色之徒
ascetichedonic (No1)禁欲的享乐的
ascetichedonist禁欲的享乐主义者(词性不对)
assiduousslipshod
assuageaggravate 缓和加重
assuageexacerbate (no1)缓和激怒
assuageincite
audaciouscircumspect 大胆的谨慎小心的
auspiciousominous幸运的厄运的
(NO1) auspiciousuntoward幸运的不幸的
autonomyexternal rule
GRE考试反义词历年真题荟萃：B字头
banalityoriginal
belieaffirm true
belieshow to be correct 证明为假证明为真
belieconfirm掩盖确定，确认
GRE考试反义词历年真题荟萃：C字头
cacophonyeuphonic 刺耳的音调好听的 (词性不符)
cacophonyeuphonious嘈杂的悦耳的
calumniatevindicate中伤辩护
championoppose 支持反对
challengebuttress 挑战支持
chicaneryforthrightness {deep conviction/firm opposition}狡辩直率 {深信/坚定反对}
chicaneryforthright dealing 欺骗的梗直的
chicaneryscrupulous practice
cholericdifficult to provoke 暴躁的，易怒的难以被激怒的
circumspectaudacious慎重的鲁莽的
circuitous direct迂回直接
commingleseparate (no.2) 混合分离
commodiousconstricted 宽敞的狭窄的
conjecturerefrain from speculation(no.1)推测不准猜测
contagious incommunicable (no1) 会传播的不能传达的
contagiousuncommunitable (no1) 会传播的不能传达的
contravenebuttress违反支持
countenancecondemn 支持谴责
creepmove swiftly爬快移
creepswift movement 匍匐前进快速移动
GRE考试反义词历年真题荟萃：D字头
dauntlesstimorous 大胆的胆小的
decadencewholesomeness 颓废健康
deftclumsy灵巧的笨拙的
deleteriousbeneficial
deploreapplaud表达悲痛表达赞赏
deploreextol 指责赞美
(No.1) derivativeoriginal派生的原创的
desecratesanctify 亵渎崇拜
diffusesuccinct 罗嗦的简洁的
discommodeassist
disparatesimilar 不同相同
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