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中美教育制度不同
The Differences ofEducation between China and U.S
Based on checking the extensive literature and summing up the evidence, it is clear that study about differences of higher education between China and US has carried out a lot which mainly explaines the differences from different aspects of higher edcation between China and the United States.Such aspects mainly includes the social environment and cultural tradition, higher education system and reform measures.In the Integration of
these differences, advantages and evils of both educational systems have been evaluated respectively, and corresponding improvement measures were also put forwords.By summary, the detailed conclusions are listed as follows:
US is a open society.The society's openne urges the American college to abandon old educational thoughts which European traditional universities stick to, adopt the open policy to absorb all advatanges from other countries and establishe a diverse and open education control system which emphasizes on the actual effect.US is the biggest imigrant country which has very strong containing nature in the culture.American economy ephiseizes on the practical value, matter rewards as well as individual value realization with fast development, rich material life, strong material idea and etc[2].Us’s higher education was considered as the best education in the world.Comparing the elementary education between American and China, people's universal view will be: China's elementary education aims to build the foundation of education with more study and le thought;while US's education aims to bulid such an education to raise the
creativity with le study and more thought.Now Chinese students are generally regarded as intalents with few intelligence and high scores.What causes for such a view? Because the Chinese students study more, actually pay little attention to the practice, and cannot study for the purpose of application.Therefore, it is very important for Chinese higher education to cultivate the idea of unifying the study and prctice.US's education pays more attention to raise student's self-confidence,independence,spirit of supporting oneself, but China's education emphases on training the students to be
strict,rigorous spiritual.Obviously, Chinese education may fruitfully develop and ultilize the function of cerebrum, but US’s higher education could expand the function of cerebrum by ultilizing andsynthesizing the information outside.Each national higher education as economic system’s reflection serves for the
economy;US education aims to adapt for society demand, they explicitly stipulate three big functions including education’s service for the economic development, scientific research and teaching.The manifest of service in the establishment of specialty
curriculum is to meet the social need, set up special curriculum and specialty which the society needs;In China's universities, during quite long period of time, the establishment of specialty curriculum lacks the change and couldnot follow social demand.In order to adapt the society, the American universities has established many specialties and curriculum of choice for students;The students choose or transformate specialties and schools according to own interest and hobby.The American higher education system is extremely diverse and flexible, which is solo in the world higher education;In China, the student may choose the specialty according to own interest and hobby, but change of specialty in the school is not easy, and transformation of school is more difficult.When American school inspects the result of student, they emphasize more on the ability to analyze and solve the question but not the ability of memory or description.The
American students donot need the mechanical memorizing, but display creative thought as far as poible;This can cultivate student's study interest, raise the ability of doing it byself and make the study be one kind of creative action.Many teachers still adopted old teaching ways in the Chinese universities, thus take a test which needs mechanical memorizing.Due to the development of science and technology, connections between higher
education and national politics, economy, science,culture, military relation is day by day closer.The higher education is vigorous and upward, and it not only simply performances for the growth of quantity, but especially has had the huge change in the nature[1].The advanced level of higher education has become a thesymbol of national strength.We should clarify the difference of higher education between China and American, at the same time absorb the advantges to profit from the American higher education so as to faster the reform andthe development of our higher education.其实在国内，我相信很多人对现在的独生子女也有着比较清醒的认识和一些担忧。独立性差是多数人对现在的独生孩子的评价。无论是社会环境的影响还是家庭的过分爱护，客观上保护了这些孩子，但同时也造成了他们在某些方面的先天和后天不足：不懂得如何与人交往，不懂得如何处理危机，不懂得如何照顾自己，甚至不懂得自己学习的目的和意义在哪里。这些都已经成为今天很多中国孩子的通病。
In fact in the country, I believe that many people compare the current child also has a clear understanding and some concern.Independence of the difference is that most
people only child of the current evaluation.Both the social environment, or the family over love, the objective to protect these children, but also created some aspects of their innate and acquired deficiencies: do not know how to relate to people, do not know how to deal with the crisis do not know how How to take care of themselves, do not even know their purpose and significance of learning where.These have become a common problem many of today's Chinese children.独立是美国精神的核心精髓。美国孩子从小就接受“学习是自己的事情”及“学会照顾自己”等理念教育，这种处处体现独立和开拓精神的教育贯穿到孩子成长的各个方面，学校生活、家庭生活以及在日常生活中与人相处都能坚持这种理念。很多人都知道，在美国一旦孩子到了18岁，父母就可以不再供养这个孩子，他需要自己赚钱，独立生活。即便是非常富裕的家庭，一般也不会替孩子支付各种费用，如果一个人靠父母的接济生存，就会受到周围的朋友的鄙视。但是在中国，别说十八岁就让孩子自己去工作赚钱，三十几岁依旧啃老的也不在少数。某种程度上说，中国孩子到了18岁之后，才真正成为父母的负担：上大学、谈恋爱、找工作、买房子、娶媳妇、带孩子等等事情几乎无一例外需要父母的帮助和参与才能完成，而且父母需要付出的不仅仅是金钱，还有大量的时间和精力。随着孩子的成年，父母真正成为孩子的奴隶。
Independence is the core eence of American spirit.American children from an early age to accept the “learning is its own thing ” and “learn to take care of themselves”and other concepts of education, which all reflect the spirit of independence and the development of education throughout all aspects of child development, school life, family life and in daily life With people able to adhere to this philosophy.Many people know that in the United States once the children had 18 years of age, parents can no longer support this child, he'll have to make money, independent living.Even the very wealthy families, generally do not pay the fees for the child, if a person's aid to survive by their parents, would be contempt of friends around.But in China, let alone eighteen children themselves to work to make money, old thirties still eating too many.To some extent, to a 18-year-old Chinese children, the only truly become a burden to parents: college, dating, finding a job, buy a house, marry a wife, kids, and so things almost always need the help and participation of parents To complete and parents need to pay more than money, a lot of time and effort.As adult children, parents truly become a child slave.美国的孩子独立自主能力很强，与人交往起来得心应手。相比之下，很多中国孩子却一味地依赖父母，没有自己的想法和观点。比如在中国有一个普遍的现象就是孩子毕业的时候恰恰是父母最忙的时候。父母忙什么？忙着给自己的孩子找工作。而孩子们也心安理得地享受着这一切，丝毫没有不安的心理。如果在美国，这种情况几乎不可能发生。美国的孩子毕业后会根据自己的兴趣和爱好，或者自己的专业特长来找工作，而不是依靠父母的关系，因为他们知道，父母的安排再好，也不是他们自己的人生。而这种观点恰恰是国内的孩子们最缺乏的。The children of America are strong independent, handy with people.In contrast, many Chinese children are blindly rely on parents, not their own ideas and perspectives.For example, in China there is a common phenomenon that when a child just graduated from the busiest time of the parents.Parents busy? To their children busy looking for work.The children also enjoy peace of mind all this, and no mental anxiety.If the United States, this is virtually impoible.After graduating from the United States according to their own children's interests and hobbies, or their own profeional expertise to find work, rather than relying on the relationship between the parents, because they know that no matter how good the arrangements for parents, not their own life.And precisely this view is the most lacking in children.美国孩子的独立性很强，这也导致他们表现感情的时候非常直来直去，在很多美剧中，我们可以听到孩子们对父母直呼其名，他们认为这是一种好现象，是把父母看成自己朋友的一种表现，避免了虚伪和客套，同时父母也很尊重孩子，愿意和孩子进行平等的沟通和交流，这样孩子们在表达观点的时候就能更加直接，即便这些想法很不成熟。当然，这种情形不可能在中国发生，但是这种现象下所揭示的精神却值得我们学习。那就是平等。孩子与父母间的平等交流可以提升孩子们的自信心，进而促进孩子们独立自主地解决自己的问题。American children's independence is very strong, which also led to expre feelings when they are
straight, in many United States and the play, we can hear the children to their parents by their first names, they think this is a good thing, is to look at the parents As an expreion of their friends to avoid hypocrisy and polite, but parents also have great respect for children, and children are willing to communicate and exchange on an equal footing, so that children can expre their views more directly when, even if these ideas are immature.Of course, this situation can not happen in China, but this phenomenon is under the spirit of revealed things to learn.That is equality.Equality between children and parents can enhance the exchange of children's self-confidence, thus contributing to the children solve their own problems independently.美国的孩子一般都具有强烈的好奇心。只要遇到以前没有遇见的东西，他们就会打破沙锅问到底，直到弄明白这件事到底是怎么回事。一个问题接一个问题，直到问到大人都觉得诧异，其实在中国，很多孩子也是具有强烈的好奇心，只是当他们提出自己的疑问的时候，更多的时候得到的不是鼓励和认可，而是大人们的斥责和不耐烦，时间久了，他们也就不再问这些问题了。所以说，很多时候孩子的想象力都是我们做长辈的在不经意间抹杀了。这样的行为的直接后果就是我们的孩子对世界的感知越来越迟钝，而美国孩子对世界的变化越来越敏锐。想象力是孩子们探求知识的原动力，好奇心越强烈，对外界探知的欲望也就越强烈。American children generally have a strong curiosity.Met as long as something not previously encountered, they will 打破沙锅问到底 until this matter in the end find out how it was.One problem after another problem until asked adults are surprised, in fact, in China, many children also have a strong curiosity, but when they raised their own questions, when, more often not been encouraged and recognized, but Rap and impatient adults, over time, they no longer ask these questions.Therefore, the child's imagination is often the elders we do inadvertently obliterated.Such behavior is a direct consequence of our children's perception of the world more and more slow, and American children more sensitive to changes in the world.Imagination is the driving force behind the children to explore knowledge, the more intense curiosity, the desire to ascertain the outside world the more strongly.
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