第1篇：“主谓一致”与高考试题
“主谓一致”是重要的语法项目，也是学习难点和高考热点之一。因此，掌握好该语法点，对于面临高考的中学生来说，无疑是非常必要的。
英语中的一致是指句子成分之间或词语之间在人称、数、性、时态等方面保持一致，但最主要的是主语和谓语在数方面的一致关系。请看下面三道高考题：
1．Every possible means ____ to prevent the air pollution，but the sky is still not clear．（2000上海春招）
A．is used B．are used C．has been used D．have been used
2．____ of the land in that district ____ covered with trees and grass．（2000上海高考）
A．Two fifth．．．is B．Two fifth．．．are
C．Two fifths．．．is D．Two fifths．．．are
3．He is the only one of the students who ____ a winner of scholarship for three years．（2002上海春招）
A．is B．are C．have been D．has been
（Key：1-3 CCD）
从上面的考例可见“主谓一致”在中学英语中的重要地位。根据中学阶段所学内容，考生应掌握以下知识：
一、有生命意义的集体名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。
常用的名词有：police（警察），cattle（牛），folk ／folks（US）（人们），等等。如：
There were over 100 police on duty at the demonstration．游行期间有100多名警察值勤。
注：1．有些集体名词作主语时，如将其看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数；如将其作为个体成员看，谓语动词则用复数。常用的名词有：family（家庭；家庭成员），class（班级；班级学生），army（军队；士兵），committee（委员会；委员），team（队；队员），等等。如：
My family is a large one．我们家是个大家庭。
My family are watching TV now．我们家人现在正在看电视。
2．表示“某国人”的名词（如Chinese，Japanese，English，British，French等）作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
The Chinese usually use chopsticks for meals，while the British use knives and forks．中国人通常用筷子吃饭，而英国人用刀叉吃饭。
但是，有些单复数同形的名词（如 Chinese，Japanese等）作主语时，如果指具体的某个人，其谓语动词应用单数。如：
That Japanese is a singer．那个日本人是个歌唱家。
3．有些表示某类别的总称的集体名词（如machinery〈机械〉，clothing〈衣服〉，luggage〈行李〉，furniture〈家具〉等）作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：
My luggage was sent by air．我的行李是航空邮寄的。
二、“-s”结尾的表示“学科”、“疾病名称”等名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。
常用的名词有：politics，maths， physics，AIDS，等等。如：
Maths is my favourite subject．数学是我最喜爱的学科。
三、表示某些由两部分组成的物体的名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。常用的名词有：trousers，chopsticks，scissors，glasses，gloves，shoes，slippers，等等。如：
My trousers were bought in Shanghai．我的裤子是在上海买的。
但是，当这些名词前有pair时，谓语动词常与pair的数一致。如：
This pair of trousers was bought in Shanghai，but those two pairs of gloves were bought in Beijing．这条裤子是在上海买的，但那两副手套是在北京买的。
四、国名、地名、组织机构名称、书刊和杂志名等名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：
The United States is a developed country．美国是个发达国家。
Great Expectations has been translatedinto Chinese．《远大前程》已译成中文。
五、表示“时间、距离、钱额”等复数名词作主语时，常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。如：
Ten years is a moment in history．十年在历史上是一瞬间。
One hundred kilometers is a long distance．一百公里是一段很长的距离。
Fifty pounds is too expensive．五十英镑太贵了。
如果将以上复数名词作为个体看待时，谓语动词常用复数。如：
Ten years have passed since I came to work in this school．自从我到这所学校工作以来，十年已经过去了。
六、由“名词＋and＋名词”结构作主语，表示同一种事物或同一人时，谓语动词常用单数。如：
Bread and milk is whole some food．面包牛奶是一种有益于身体的食物。
The singer and dancer has come．那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家来了。
七、由“every ／each ／no ＋单数名词 ＋and ＋every ／each ／no ＋单数名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：
Every hour and every minute is important．每一小时，每一分钟，都很宝贵。
有时可将第二个every ／each ／no省略。如：
Each book and paper can be found in this room．每一本书，每一份文件，都可在此房间内找到。
八、“名词／代词＋or＋名词／代词”结构作主语时，谓语动词一般与or后面的名词／代词一致。如：
He or I am going to attend the meeting．他或者我将参加会议。
九、“名词＋介词短语”作主语时，谓语动词一般与名词的数一致。
常用的介词和短语介词有：with，together with，along with，like，besides，as well as，but，except，except for，including等。如：
The teacher as well as the students is ready to help others．不仅学生们，而且老师也乐于助人。
The girl together with some boys has gone to plant trees．那个姑娘和一些男孩子一起去植树了。
Nobody but Tom and Mary was in the classroom．只有汤姆和玛丽在教室里。
十、由“either．．．or．．．；neither．．．
nor．．．；notonly．．．butalso．．．”连接的名词／代词作主语时，谓语动词常与最靠近的主语一致。如：
Neither the children nor the mother knows anything about it．孩子们和母亲都不知道这件事。
Are either you or I wrong？不是你错就是我错，是吗？
在英语口语中，甚至在正式英语中，“neither．．．nor．．．；either．．．or．．．”连接的名词／代词作主语时，也可采取概念一致的原则，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
Neither the cats nor the dog have been fed．那些猫和狗都没有喂过。
十一、不定代词all，some，any作主语时，如果指代可数名词，谓语动词用复数；如果指代不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。none作主语时，如果指代不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；如果指代可数名词，谓语动词用单复数均可。either和 neither作主语时，谓语动词常用单数，但在非正式语体中也可用复数。如：
All have gone home after school except a naughty boy who remains in the classroom．放学后除了一个淘气的男孩留在教室以外，所有的人都回家了。
All is well that ends well．结果好一切就好。
None of my classmates have ／has been to the USA．我的同学都没有／一个也没有去过美国。
Either of the two boys is a League member．这两个男孩都是团员。
Neither of them knows the truth．他们谁都不知道真相。
十二、“分数／百分数＋of＋名词”结构在句子中作主语时，谓语动词与名词的数一致。如：
Three quarters of the surface of the earth is covered by water．地球表面的四分之三被水覆盖。
About sixty percent of the teachers in this school are women．这所学校里大约百分之六十的教师是女的。
十三、“The ＋形容词”表示一类人时，谓语动词常用复数形式。
常用的形容词有：rich，poor，living，dead，young，old，blind，sick，wounded，aged，disabled等。如：
In the old society，the poor were forced to sell their children．在旧社会穷人被迫卖儿卖女。
如果该形容词指抽象概念，谓语动词常用单数形式。如：
The new is always weak at first．新生事物开始时总是脆弱的。
The true is to be distinguished from the false．真与假应相区别。
The unexpected has happened．出乎意料的事发生了。
十四、动词不定式、动名词和从句作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。如：
Swimming in rivers in summer is a splendid sport，but to swim in rivers in winter needs great will power．夏天在江河里游泳是极好的运动，但冬天在江河里游泳需要极大的毅力。
Who he is doesn't concern me．他是谁与我无关。
但是，当what引导主语从句或由 and连接两个动词不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词的数应根据意义一致的原则来决定。如：
What we need here is money．我们这里需要的是资金。
What we need here are workers．我们这里需要的是工人。
Lying and stealing are immoral．说谎与偷窃是不道德的。
第2篇：高考主谓一致练习题
高考主谓一致练习题
题目：
11. It ____I who _____leaving for London.
A.is…is B. am…is C. is…am D. am…am
12. Not only Tom but also his wife ____fond of watching television.
A. are B. were C. be D. is
13. When and where to build the new factory ____yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
14. Although the first part of the book is easy， the rest ______.
A. are difficultB. has proved difficult
C. is supposed difficultD. have been found difficult
15. That they were wrong in these matters _____ now clear to us all.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
16. Half of his goods ____ stolen the other day.
A. are B. were C. is D. was
17. Mathematics ____the language of science.
A. are B. are going to be C. is D. is to be
18. Each of the students _____ a Chinese-English dictionary.
A. have B. has C. there is D. there are
19. They each ____ a beautiful handkerchief.
A. have B. has C. there is D. there are
20. Between the two rows of trees _____the teaching building.
A. stand B. stands C. standing D. are
【答案解析】
11-15 CDABA 16-20 BCBAB
第3篇：主谓一致
代词及其指代一致
一、代词的指代
1.that的指代作用： that指代不可数名词和单数可数名词（如是复数，用those），后面
通常跟有修饰语，如出现在比较结构中的that of 如：
Conversation calls for a willingne to alternate the role of speaker with that of listener，and it calls for occasional “digestive pauses” by both.这里that指代前面的the role.No bread eaten by men is so sweet as that earned by his own labour.2.one的指代作用
one指代带不定冠词的单数可数名词，复
第4篇：主谓一致
主谓一致
1就近原则：Or/ nor/ there be
Either…or/ neither…nor
Not only … but also/ not…but
Eg: One or two friends are coming this evening.Neither I nor he is favor of her marrige.Either my grandsons or their father is coming.There is a boy and two girls in the claroom..→There are two girls and a boy in the claroom.2.as well as / along with /like /together with /
第5篇：主谓一致
注意：名词作主语时，某些集体名词如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数
Audience, cla, club, committee, company, crew, crowd, enemy, government, group, party, public, team, staff, population, band The population of china is very large and eight percent of the population are farmers.某些集体名词people, police, cattle, militia只看作复数形式
当名词词组中心词为表示度量，距离，金额，时间，书名等复数名词时，将这些复数看作
