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2008年12月大学英语四级考试总结
Part 1 Writing
总结人：龚鑫灵
Again, this is a support system iue.这又是一个证明制度的问题。
Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bags
Disposable plastic bags used to be commonly and widely use in everyday life.They are applied in big supermarkets, small stores and street markets.People put in plastic bags everything they buy.Obviously it is very convenient for plastic bags to be used in people’s everyday life
First of all, the use of disposable plastic bags causes harm to our environment , which is very harmful because plastic bags can not disappear by natural decomposition.And sometimes carele disposal of these bags cause harm to our environment animals.People using deposable plastic bags may think that they are great convenience.But what they don’t quite realize is that there will be remarkable negative impact on our health.From my point of view, there has been a limit on the using of disposable plastic bags in supermarkets.which not only enhances people's awarene on environmental protection but also cuts down the cost of the running of supermarket。People should make sure they put the sued plastic bags into the dustbin when they want to dispose of them.It also might be better for people to use the traditional cloth bags to hold the goods they buy instead of using plastic bags.第一段阐述一次性的广泛使用，中间从几个方面说明该现象所导致的负面影响。如污染环境，危害小动物。。结尾以自己的观点分析限制使用一次性塑料袋的措施以及意义 龚鑫灵
Part II 总结人： 王健
Apologies(动词)道歉
apology（名词）道歉 Make an apology=apologies Come over to 过来到
例：would you come over to here?
你到我这来好吗？ Come over 释义 1 上面（上方）经过
例：It’s terribly nosily living near the airport ,planes are coming over all time.住在机场附近吵死了，飞机总是从上空不断飞过2 过来 从远处来3 顺便来访 4 被理解并完全接受，被通过
例：Did his speech come over?他的演讲通过了吗？ Get play nice 管教好
使…表现良好 Extension 名词
1展;伸长;扩大[U][(+of)]
the extension of our foreign trade 扩大我们的对外贸易
2长;延期;缓期[U][C] We had hoped for the extension of the deadline to the end of the week.我们曾希望把最后期限延至周末。
3延长部分;扩大部分;增设部分[C] We built an extension to our house.我们扩建了我家的房屋。
4.电话分机[C]
Get into
1使)穿上 I can't get into these shoes.这双鞋我穿不上。(使)陷入
He got into debt.他欠下债务。
3学会
I'll soon get into the way of things.我不久就会学会处理事务的方法 Recommend 及物动词 1荐,介绍[(+as/for)][O1] Can you recommend me some new books on this subject? 你能推荐一些有关这个学科的新书给我吗? 2建议,劝告[O2][+v-ding][+that] I recommend you to comply with safety regulations.我劝你遵守安全规则。
3使成为可取,使受欢迎[(+to)] His proposal has much to recommend it.他的建议有不少可取之处。
4付托,托付[(+to)] I recommended my child to her care.我把孩子托付给她照顾。近义词 suggest 1建议,提议[+v-ing][+(that)][+wh-] I suggest our going to the park on Sunday.我建议我们星期天去公园。
The dentist suggested that she(should)come another day.牙医建议她改天再来。
2暗示;启发[+(that)] Her expreion suggested pleasure.她面露喜色。
3使人想起,使人联想到[(+to)] That cloud suggests a boat to me.那朵云使我联想到船。
Part III listening comprehension 总结人：于潇
drop me a line 给我写信
carpenter
n.木匠，木工
vi.当木匠，做木匠工作
vt.制作 He carpentered a splint for the broken leg.他给骨折的腿制作了一副夹板。3.Abstract
n.抽象；摘要；抽象的概念
adj.抽象的；深奥的 vt.提取；摘要；使……抽象化
vi.做摘要；写梗概
Abstract expreionism
n.抽象表现主义
to abstract the idea of greenne from the color of all green objects 从所有绿色物体中提取出绿的概念
4flexibly
adv.易曲地；柔软地；有弹性地；灵活地 Flexible
adj.灵活的；柔韧的；易弯曲的 5.Administrative
adj.管理的，行政的 administrative efficiency： 行政效率
enhancing administrative efficiency： 提高行政效率 administrative efficiency criterion： 行政效率原则
American law and regulations give a theater commander a vast amount of administrative responsibility and authority.美国的法律和规则，赋予一个战区指挥官以广大的行政责任和权力。6.community
n.社区；团体；共同体；群落
community center社区活动中心
community college 社区学院，社区大学
Help your community learn from the question.帮助你的社区从问题中学习。
7.degree
n.程度，等级；度；学位；阶层
degree of difficulty
难度系数，难度
8.inherently dv.内在地；固有地；天性地
9.multicultural
adj.融合或具有多种文化的；多种文化的 multicultural education
多元文化教育
This is where the significance of multicultural education lies.多文化教育的意义便在于此。
Part Iv Reading Comprehension总结人：胡盼
一、给出的十五个单词的解析：
1.Abundant: 大量(充足)的；丰富(富裕)的2.Characters: n.性格,品质;性质;角色;符号,(汉)字 3.communicating:.交流，通讯；通信(或交通)工具 4.completely: ad.完全地，彻底
5.derive: 取得；追溯起源(from)起源，衍生 6.desire: 渴望；要求，请求 n.愿望，欲望 7.diversity: n.多样，变化万千
8.escape: vi.逃跑；逸出 vt.逃避，避开 n.逃跑，逃避
9.establishing: n.建立，确立，确定；企业，机构；当权人物 10.narrow: a.狭窄(隘)的；勉强的 v.(使)变窄；压缩 11.naturally: ad.当然，自然；天然地，天生地 12.personnel: n.[总称]人员，员工；人事部门 13.properly: ad.适当地；严格地
14.respect: 尊敬；尊重，重视[ pl.]敬意；方面 15.widen: vt.加宽，放宽 vi.变宽
二、文章中的重点单词：
1．Incomplete: 不完全的, 不完整的 2.depth: 深度, 深刻, 深奥, 深, 厚度
3.breadth: 宽度，幅度;
联想记忆：bread:面包 4．Significance: n.意义，含义；重要性，重大
5.response: n.回答，答复；反应，响应;
联想记忆：responsible:有责任的，尽责的例句：claim the responsibility of 宣称……是我所为（责任）。
Section B
Paage one
总结人：杨博宇
typically adv.： 代表性地，作为特色地
typically： 代表性地；典型地；典型的；往往
typically a pyrotechnic event： 强大而短暂的脉冲
例句
Management information system typically provide the basis for integration of organizational information proceing.管理信息系统代表性地为集成组织信息处理提供依据。
according to
按照；根据„所说；根据，按照；依照
例句
They did everything according to the plan.按照计划，他们做了一切事情。
according to a recent survey 最近一次调查发现
prolonged 延长的；持久的；持续很久的；延迟型
prolonged labor： 产程延长；滞产；产程延长,滞产
prolonged blast： 长声；长笛；长笛长声汽笛)长声；长笛长声汽笛）长声
例句
Prolonged heat can, moreover, enhance production of smog and the dispersal of allergens.持续的高温也提高了烟雾的产量和过敏原的散布
invincible 万夫莫敌；所向披靡；无敌；不能征服的invincible position： 不败之地；
invincible ignorance： 顽愚
preventive： 预防的，防止的；预防性的；预防的；预防措施
preventive action： 预防措施；预防性处施；预防行动；預防措施
preventive fungicide： 预防杀真菌剂
例句
President: preventive medication for three days.院长：预防性的服药三天。
average 平均；海损；平均的，一般的；平均分
on average： 平均；通常；普通；通畅，普通
例句
On average, I spend 100 on books each month.我平均每个月花在买书的钱。
compared to： 比作；与„相比；和„„比起来；与......比较
例句
Some people have compared books to friends： 有些人把书比作朋友。
approach
n.方法；途径；接近
vt.接近；着手处理 vi.靠近
例句
Students should understand the approach to communicate with others on packing.让学生了解如何就包装进行沟通交流的方法
Service n.服务，服侍；服役；仪式
adj.服务性的；耐用的；服现役的vt.维修，检修；保养
例句
He suggested that my car should be serviced.他建议我把汽车送去保养。
delay： 延迟；延期；延时；延迟效果器
例句
The driver delayed the drive until the weather cleared.驾驶员延迟到天气转晴后才出车。
but prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases。但从长远来看，与治病相比，预防终究是更便宜的。
be scared of what might be there and would rather...害怕知道什么所以宁愿....Paage two
总结人： 彭强 relatives 亲属 relation 关系
conduct 管理；引导；表现 行为
Almost all conduct has some effect on other people.几乎所有行为都对他人有一定影响。
frequent 频繁的；时常发生的frequency 频率
average 平均；平均数；平均的；普通的on average 平均；通畅，普通 on account of由于，因为
on behalf of代表，为了...On average, I spend 100 on books each month.我平均每个月花在买书的钱有100 元。
special specific
特殊的；明确的；详细的disaster 灾难，灾祸；不幸
disastrous灾难性的；损失惨重的；悲伤的Who can image that is a disaster for beautiful flowers.谁能够想象这对美丽的花是一种灾难呢？
disaster relief
赈灾；灾难援助
disastrous accident 灾难性事故 Disastrous weather have drought, floods, frost, hail and strong winds.灾害性天气有干旱、洪涝、霜冻、冰雹和大风。
purchase 购买
purchase order 购货订单 out-of-stock 缺货；脱销
retailer 零售商；传播的人 hire 雇用，租用；租金，工钱
Sometimes he hired two or three laborers to help his harvest.有时他雇上两三名劳工帮他收割。
smooth over 消除；缓和；减轻
I could see that he was trying to smooth over his duty for wrong judgments.我可以看出，他是在试图掩盖他判断错误的责任。
iue 问题
extra iue（报纸）号外
A sound of laughter iued from the adjoining room.从隔壁房间里传出一阵笑声。
Part
v
总结人：
乾超邦
1.take „for grant
认为„是理所当然 2.acce
to
有途径，有权获得 3.be le likely to
更小的可能去做
4.fee 手续费
bill 账单
account 账号
fare
车费 5.spur
鞭策
sponsor
主办 6.maintain
维持，支撑 7.exhibit
展示
8.strongly
强烈的specifically 明确的exceively 过分的exactly 精确地
9.lead
sb to do
sth 导致某人做某事
10.particular 特别的，特定的peculiar
罕见的 11.be strongly influenced by
很大的影响
12.social
surroundings
and
everyday
experiences 社会环境和平日的经验
13.in particular way
特定的方式 14.manufacture
生产
15.growing
economy
发展经济
Part VI 总结人：熊佳1、2、Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems
（他们至今还没有答案）。
易错点：There are 与have 连用，造成主谓不一致 ① researchers 做主语，不难看出此处应用定语从句，故有that或which引导 ② 至今可做多种翻译：so far , till now 等 ③ Problem 有固定搭配 solve the problem →solutions to the problem
3、（大多数父母所关心的）is providing the best education poible for their children.易错点：没有意识到是主语从句而直译 ① 用what 作为引导语 ② 大多数可译为：most majority 等 ③ 关心：be concerned about 介词不能漏
3、You’d better take a sweater with you
(以防天气变冷)。易错点：没有意识到虚拟语气 ① 以防：in case of +动名词
或
in case + 从句，并且，用in case +从句 必须注意此时为假设，即不存在的现实为虚拟语气。
4、Through the project ,many people have received training and
(决定自己创业)。
易错点：不知道如何解释自己创业
①“决定自己创业”实际与have received training 为并列成分 ② 自己创业则译为：start one’s own businees ③ 有句型：decide to do sth.5、The anti-virus agent was not known
(直到一名医生偶然发现了它)。易错点：此时发现不适合用find ①“直到”固定搭配 not until ②“偶然”译为：by chance ③主语和从句时态应该一致
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