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2012年职称英语考试《理工类》押题试卷(2)总分：100分
及格：60分
考试时间：120分
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有l5个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
(1)The cylindrical shape of a cactus reduces moisture lo.A.A leens B.B delays C.C redistributes D.D reverses
(2)In temperate regions the growth rings on turtles' epidermal plates reflect seasonal variations in growth.A.A indicate B.B stimulate C.C include D.D prevent
(3)During the 1840's, Dorothea Dix was a leader in the movement for the reform of prison conditions.A.A unification B.B creation C.C revival D.D betterment
(4)The polar regions are generally covered with ice and snow.A.A areas B.B rocks C.C mountains D.D seas
(5)Against the advice of his accountants, Henry Ford regularly reduced the price of his early automobiles.A.A recklely B.B hesitantly C.C greatly D.D routinely 中大网校
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(6)Proper exercise plays a significant role in the rehabilitation of patients with various back ailments.A.A operation B.B recovery C.C casting D.D relaxation
(7)It is not poib1e for peop1e to remember everything that they have thought.A.A reca11 B.B appreciate C.C repeat D.D discu
(8)A foil is remnant of a once-living organism.A.A bone B.B solvent C.C picture D.D vestige
(9)An expert in any fie1d may be defined as a person who poees specia1ized ski11s and is capab1e of rendering very competent services.A.A obtaining B.B mastering C.C providing D.D financing
(10)Among the men and women who reshaped the American working cla during the early l900s, there were many who were not members of labor unions.A.A challenged the rights of B.B criticized the views of C.C interviewed the leaders of D.D changed the character of
(11)Recent discoveries in Montana indicate that some dinosaurs may have resided in colonies.A.A lived B.B died 中大网校
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C.C hunted D.D fed
(12)Over thirty cities around the world boast more than five million residents.A.A jobs B.B dwellings C.C blocks D.D inhabitants
(13)By 1900, many municipalities had begun to restrict the use of automobiles in order to ensure pedestrian safety.A.A test B.B limit C.C standardize D.D prohibit
(14)High wages and restrictive work practices are said to have created new nonunion competition.A.A inefficient B.B recognized C.C limiting D.D dangerous
(15)The host important result of the Lewis and Clark expedition was that it enabled the United States to claim the Oregon region.A.A regret B.B problem C.C outcome D.D controversy
第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
(1)根据下列材料请回答 {TSE}题：SleepingPeople who sleep for more than eight hours a night do not live as long as those who sleep for six hours, according to the biggest study yet into sleep patterns and mortality(死亡率).Scientists have no explanation for the findings and do not know if they mean people who like a lie-in(睡懒觉)can extend their lives by sleeping le.Although it is a common belief that sleeping for at least eight hours a night is vital for health and well-being, the six-year study involving more than 1.1 million Americans older than 30 found that those who slept 中大网校
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for le than eight hours were far from doing themselves any long-term harm.“Individuals who now average 6.5 hours of sleep a night can be reaured that this is a safe amount of sleep.From a health standpoint, there is no reason to sleep longer，”said Daniel Kripke, a profeor of psychiatry(精神病学)at the University of California, San Diego.Dr.Kripke said, “We don't know if long sleep periods lead to death.Additional studies are needed to determine if setting your alarm clock earlier will actually improve your health.”The scientists, who were funded by the American Cancer Society, found that the best survival rates were among the men and women who slept for seven hours a night.Those who slept for eight hours were 12 per cent more likely to die during the six-year period of the study, when other factors such as diet and smoking were taken into account.Even those who spent a mere five hours a night in bed lived longer than those who slept for eight or more hours.However, an increasing death rate was found among those who slept for le than five hours.Dr.Kripke said, “Previous sleep studies have indicated that both short and long duration(持续时间)sleep had higher mortality rates.However, none of those studies were large enough to distinguish the difference between seven and eight hours a night, until now.”{TS}More than 1.1 million Americans participated in the six-year study.A.A Right B.B Wrong C.C Not mentioned
(2)All the participants were from the state of California.A.A Right B.B Wrong C.C Not mentioned
(3)The study shows that the longer you sleep each night, the longer you'll live.A.A Right B.B Wrong C.C Not mentioned
(4)The findings indicate that it is all right to sleep for 6.5 hours a night.A.A Right B.B Wrong C.C Not mentioned
(5)Most of the participants slept for 7 hours a night during the study.A.A Right B.B Wrong C.C Not mentioned
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(6)Sleeping for le than 5 hours each night is better than sleeping for 5 hours.A.A Right B.B Wrong C.C Not mentioned
(7)The study was the first to tell the difference between 7 and 8 hours of sleep a night.A.A Right B.B Wrong C.C Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)
(1)根据下列材料请回答 {TSE}题：
(2)Paragraph 3 ___________
(3)Paragraph 4 ___________ 中大网校
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(4)Paragraph 6 ___________
(5)Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of _____________.(6)It is extremely neceary to study the long-term effects caused by living on ___________________.中大网校
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(7)Geologists are indispensable in the research project on geology and health due to their knowledge on ___________________.(8)Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean up due to ___________________.第4部分：阅读理解：第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
(1)根据下列文章,请回答 {TSE}题。Motoring Technology1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year, plus a further 50 million injuries.To reduce car crash rate, much research now is focused on safety and new fuels-though some electric vehicle and biofuel research aims at going 中大网校
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faster.Travelling at speed has always been risky.One cutting edge area of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in--car aistants.They can ensure you don't mi crucial road signs or fall asleep.The use of artificial intelligence software allows these aistants to monitor your driving and makes sure your phone or radio doesn't distract you at a vital moment.Most crashes result from human and not mechanical faults.Some safety developments aim to improve your vision.Radar can spot obstacles in fog, while other technology “sees through” high-sided vehicles blocking your view.And improvements to seat belts, pedal controls and tyres are making driving smoother and safer.The colour of a car has been found to be linked with safety, as have, le surprisingly, size and shape.And alternatives to foil-fuel based petrol, such as plant oils, are a hot area of research.Fuel cells based on hydrogen burn cleanly, and are the subject of a serious research effort.But whatever is in the fuel tank, you don't want a thief in the driving seat and there have been many innovations, some using satellite tracking and remote communications, to fight against car theft.These communication systems can also come into play if you crash, automatically calling for help.Accidents cause many traffic jams, but there are more subtle interplays between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road.Such jams can be analysed using statistical tools.Robotic drivers could be programmed to make traffic flow smoothly and will perhaps one day be everyone's personal chauffeur, but their latest efforts suggest that won't be soon.{TS}What are researchers interested in doing as the road accidents worldwide increase to a shocking rate? _________ A.A They are developing faster electric vehicle B.B They are analyzing road deaths occurring worldwide every yea C.C They focus their research on safety and new fuel D.D They are designing fully automatic car
(2)According to the second paragraph, most road accidents happen _________ A.A because drivers fall asleep B.B because drivers make mistakes C.C because of engine failure D.D because of speeding
(3)Which of the safety developments is NOT mentioned in the paage? _________ A.A Radars that can help drivers to see obstacles in fo B.B Devices that can help drivers to see through big vehicle C.C Improvements in seat belts, pedal controls and tyre D.D Windscreens that can help drivers to improve their visio
(4)What is NOT the purpose of innovations that use satellite tracking and remote communications? _________ A.A To prevent car thieves from getting into your ca B.B To call for help when one's car crashe C.C To call for help when the car gets jammed in the traffi 中大网校
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D.D To track the car down when it is being stole
(5)What is true of robotic drivers? _________ A.A It will take some time before robotic drivers can be put to practical us B.B Robotic drivers are not allowed to drive on busy road C.C Robotic drivers can never replace human driver D.D Robotic drives are too expensive to us
(6)根据下列文章,请回答 {TSE}题。How to ForgiveTo forgive may be divine, but no one ever said it was easy.When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your grudge.But forgivene is poible－and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health.“People who forgive show le depreion, anger and stre and more hopefulne,”says Frederic luskin, Ph.D., author of Forgive for Good(Harper Collins, 2002).“So it can help save on the wear and tear on our organs, reduce the wearing out of the immune system and allow people to feel more vital.”So how do you start the healing? Try following these steps: Calm yourself.To defuse your anger, try a simple stre-management technique.“Take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, someone you love,” laskin says.Don't wait for an apology.“Many times the person who hurt you has no intention of apologizing,” luskin says.“They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don't see things the same way.So if you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.” Keep in mind that forgivene does not necearily mean reconciliation with the person who upset you or condoning of his or her action.Take the control away from your offender.Mentally replaying your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain.“Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindne around you,” luskin says.Try to see things from the other person's perspective.If you empathize with that person, you may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance, fear－even love.To gain perspective, you may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender's point of view.Recognize the benefits of forgivene.Research has shown that people who forgive report more energy, better appetite and better sleep patterns.Don't forget to forgive yourself.“ For people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge,” luskin says.“ But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you don't.”{TS}According to the paage, which of the following statements of forgivene is NOT true? _________ A.A Forgivene is eas B.B Forgivene is poibl C.C Forgivene can benefit your physical and mental healt D.D Forgivene is grea
(7)The underlined word “grudge”(Para.1)most probably means“_________”.A.A understanding B.B forgivene C.C anger 中大网校
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D.D jealousy
(8)“Take a couple of breaths and think of...someone you love” is a good way to _________.A.A take the control away from your offender B.B see things from the other person's perspective C.C recognize the benefits of forgivene D.D calm yourself
(9)According to luskin, you should not wait for an apology.There are several reasons EXCEPT that _________.A.A the person who hurt you may have no intention of apologizing B.B forgivene means reconciliation with the person who hurt you C.C the person who hurt you may have wanted to hurt you D.D people just don't see things the same way
(10)What is the biggest challenge? _________ A.A To have better appetite and better sleep when you are hurt by other B.B To stop replaying your hur C.C To remember to forgive yoursel D.D To write a letter to yourself from your offender's point of vie
(11)根据下列材料请回答{TSE}题：
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(12)Which of the following statement is true of the Hawaiian natives? _________
(13)Which of the following is NOT true of John Waihee? _________
(14)Which of the following groups holds a le radical attitude on the matter of sovereignty? _________
(15)Various native Hawaiians demand all the following EXCEPT _________．
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第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)
(1)根据下列文章,请回答{TSE}题。
(2)请选择（47）处最佳答案。
(3)请选择（48）处最佳答案。
(4)请选择（49）处最佳答案。
(5)请选择（50）处最佳答案。
第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
(1)根据下列短文，回答{TSE}题。Captain Cook Arrow legendIt was a great legend while it lasted, but DNA testing has 51 ended a two-century-old story of the Hawaiian arrow carved from the bone of British exploere Captain James Cook 52 died in the Sandwich Islands in 1779.“There is 53 Cook in the Australian Museum,” museum collection manager Jude Philip said not long ago in announcing the DNA evidence that the arrow was not made of Cook's bone.But that will not stop the museum from continuing to display the arrow in its 54 , “Uncovered: Treasures of the Australian Museum,” which 55 include a feather cape presented to Cook by Hawaiian King Kalani'opu'u in 1778.Cook was one of Britain's great explorers and is credited with 56 the “Great South land,” 57 Australia, in 1770.He was clubbed to death in the Sandwich Islands, now Hawaii.The legend of Cook's arrow began in 1824 58 Hawaiian King Kamehameha on his deathbed gave the arrow to William Adams, a london surgeon and relative of Cook's wife, saying it was made of Cook's bone after the fatal 59 with islanders.In the l890s the arro was given to the Australian Museum and the legend continued 60 it came face-to-face with science.DNA testing by laboratories in Australia and New Zealand revealed the arrow was not made of Cook's bone but was more 6l made of animal bone, said Philp.However, Cook's fans 62 to give up hope that one Cook legend will prove true and that part of his remains will still be uncovered, as they say there is evidence not all of Cook's body was 63 at sea in 1779.“On this occasion technology has won,” said Cliff Thornton, president of the Captan Cook Society, in a 64 from 中大网校
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Britain.“But I am 65 that one of these days...one of the Cook legends will prove to be true and it will happen one day.”。{TS}回答第51空。A.A finally B.B firstly C.C lately D.D usually
(2)回答第52空。A.A whose B.B who C.C which D.D what
(3)回答第53空。A.A some B.B none C.C neither D.D no
(4)回答第54空。A.A cinema B.B exhibition C.C shop D.D market
(5)回答第55空。A.A must B.B did C.C has to D.D does
(6)回答第56空。A.A discovering B.B visiting C.C travelling D.D using
(7)回答第57空。
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A.A then B.B now C.C past D.D previously
(8)回答第58空。A.A how B.B where C.C when D.D that
(9)回答第59空。A.A conversation B.B fight C.C meal D.D dance
(10)回答第60空。A.A however B.B until C.C after D.D whenever
(11)回答第61空。A.A helpfully B.B usefully C.C likely D.D readily
(12)回答第62空。A.A refuse B.B return C.C regain D.D reply
(13)回答第63空。A.A collected B.B washed 中大网校
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C.C stored D.D buried
(14)回答第64空。A.A statement B.B suggestion C.C proposal D.D gue
(15)回答第65空。A.A safe B.B weak C.C sure D.D lucky
答案和解析
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有l5个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。(1):A
(2):A
(3):D
(4):A
(5):D
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(6):B
(7):A
(8):D
(9):C
(10):D
(11):A
(12):D
(13):B
(14):C
(15):C
第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。(1):A A从文章的第三段可以得知，有110多万美国人参与了这项历时六年的研究。(2):C C文章第四段只是提及该项研究的负责人之一是一位来自加州大学的精神病学教授，但并没有说研究对象都来自哪里。(3):B B从文章的第一句便可得知，一个人并非每晚睡眠时间越长就越长寿。(4):A A从文章的第四段可以得知，一个人平均每晚睡眠六个半小时就足够了。(5):C 中大网校
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C文章第六段只是提及研究发现，每晚睡眠七小时的男女寿命最长，但并没有说多数参与研究者在研究进行期间是否每晚睡七小时。(6):B B从文章第七段可以得知，每晚睡眠五小时者要比每晚睡眠八小时或更多小时者长寿，但每晚睡眠不足五小时者死亡率将随之升高。(7):A A从文章的最后一句可以得知，该项研究首次区分出每晚睡眠七小时与八小时之间的差别。第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)(1):D 第一段点出主题，即某些金属进入人类食谱可能与地质有关。(2):A 第三段涉及的是自然污染的土壤一般情况下对人体不会造成危害。此段首句就提示了这一点：So far there is no data to suggest that people living on metal—rich soils experience a potential health hazard．(3):B 第四段说，受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属，而重金属很稳定，不容易降解，因此，某些微量重金属被认为有可能与癌症有关，并引起中毒。(4):C 答案的依据是本段的第二句：Future environmental investigations of naturally polluted soils should concentrate on the potential pathways of metals into the food chain and human body。(5):E 第一段最后一句：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases，是选择E的依据。(6):C 本题答案的依据是最后一段的第一句，即There is a vital need to understand the potential risks and long—term health effects of living on naturally contaminated soils．(7):B 全文都在论述重金属的摄入可能会对人体健康产生有害影响，最后一段说到地质学家在解决调查这个问题能起的作用。这个句子是：Geologists should be part of such studies as they can provide the eential background information on rock and soil chemistry as well as the chemical forms of heavy metal pollution．(8):F 第四段涉及这一问题。受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属，而重金属很稳定，不容易降解，所以，要对重金属进行彻底的清除。
第4部分：阅读理解：第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。(1):C 文章第一段的意思是：在世界范围内，每年发生120万起交通死亡事故，加上5，000万伤残事故，因此，正在进行的许多研究的重点是安全问题和新燃料问题，尽管一些电动车和生物燃料的研究旨在达到更快的速度。所以，c是正确选项。(2):B 第二段最后一句说，大多数汽车撞车事故是人为原因造成的，而不是机械故障的原因。所以C是错误选项；A和D中的fa11 asleep和speeding是人为原因，但只是部分人为因素，不中大网校
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能概全。(3):D 文章中没有提到windscreens(汽车挡风玻璃)，所以D是正确选项。其他几项均在文中提到。(4):C 根据第六段内容，使用卫星跟踪和遥控通讯方面的革新，其目的是防盗(A和D)和发生事故时求援(B)。C的内容在文中没有被提到，所以是正确选项。(5):A 文章最后一段说，为机器人司机编制程序后，它们就能使交通变得通畅，也许今后某一天，大家都拥有机器人司机，但是，这一天的到来还有待时日。B、C、D的内容在文中均没有提到；A句说，要实际使用机器人司机还需时日，这显然与末段最后一句表达的意思相吻合。(6):A 根据文章的第一段，宽恕是伟大的，是可能的，是对身心有益的，但是不容易做到，所以只有A是正确答案。(7):C 这里要求猜测单词“grudge”的意义，根据上下文，作者强调宽恕是不容易做到的，要忘记怨恨也是不容易做到的，因此选项 C是正确答案。(8):D D其依据在第二段“Calm yourself．To defuse your anger，try a simple stre—management technique．‘Take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure：a beautiful scene in nature，someone you love．’luskin says．”由此可见做几次深呼吸，想一想某个你所爱的人能使你平静下来。(9):B B其依据在第二段“Keep in mind that forgivene does not necearily nlean reconciliation with the person who upset you or condoning of his or her action．”即宽恕并不一定意味着要和伤害你的人妥协，或宽恕他(她)的行为。(10):C C本题询问的是最大的挑战是什么。根据第二段中“For people，forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge，”可见C为正确答案。(11):D 文中第二段第一句话讲到“„since then Hawaii’s native peoples have fared worse than any of its other ethnic groups．”，由此可以判断“ Hawaii’s native minority”指的是夏威夷本地的一个少数民族。所以D为正确答案。(12):D 本题的相关信息为文章的第二段。“„since then Hawaii’s native peoples have fared worse than any of its other ethnic groups”说明夏威夷本土的少数民族的生活比岛上其他种族艰苦，所以D是正确答案。(13):B 本题所涉及的相关信息在文章第三段，与文章原文相比较可知，A、C、D三项均符合原意，只有B项文中未提及。所以B为正确答案。(14):C 在“This is a position supported by the Office of Hawaiian Affairs(0HA)，a state agency set up in 1978 to represent to natives’ interests and which has now become the moderate face of the native sovereignty movement”这一句中，“moderate”的意思就是“le radical”，所以正确答案应中大网校
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当为C。(15):A A综合全文可知，有的要求“岛内自治”，有的要求“脱离美国而独立”，还有的要求“拥有领地”，因此B、C、D三项均符合原意，只有A项不是他们的要求。第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)(1):C C是承上启下的句子。上一句说的是，气球将Sterns带到同温层。下一句说的是，没有人尝试过不坐飞机或不坐宇宙飞船从同温层往下跳。有了C这个句子，意思就连贯了。(2):E 此处应该是个引导句，应该包含采取行动这类概括词，因为随后的句子是，第一步做什么，第二步做什么，等等。选项E是符合这个要求的。(3):D D表达的是跳出气球后下滑的速度，与前一句的意思是连贯的。(4):A 后面的句子列举了许多hazards。据此推论，此处的句子应该是引导句或概括句。选项A中有several major hazards这几个概括词，与后面列举的各种hazards相呼应。(5):F 选项F中，用了in short(简而言之)，是总结前面陈述的内容：blood boils说明此处前面句子的内容与blood有关。事实上，此处前面的句子说的是，在低大气压的情况下，溶在人体液体中的气体会逸出，就像碳酸水冒泡泡一样。选项F形象地总结了上述句子的内容。
第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。(1):A 第一段说DNA鉴定的结论终止了流传了二百年的有关箭是用Cook船长骨头制成的传说。根据这一层意思，选finally是合适的。其他三个选项的词义都对不上号。(2):B Cook之后的从句是定语从句，替代Cook的关系代词应该是who。whose也可替代Cook，但是whose是所有格，而定语从句中的关系代词用作主语，所以只能选who。(3):D 本段和其他有关段落都说到，澳大利亚博物馆没有用Cook船长骨头制成的箭，所以本题只能选no，不能选some。none之后不能直接跟名词。neither一般与nor成对连用。(4):C 博物馆中不会把珍藏的arrow陈列在shop，market或cinema，所以exhibition是答案。(5):D does用在动词前表示强调，does include的意思是“确实包括”。用did不妥，因为主句的谓语用的是一般将来时will not stop。has to或must也不妥，因为上下文的意思并没有要求用“必须”(must)或“不得不”(has to)。(6):A be credited with的意思是“把„„归功于”，再联系到前面两次提到Cook是伟大的explorer，选项A的discovering是最恰当的选择。visiting，travelling和using与be credited with所表达的意思都搭不上。(7):B 从上下文判断，Cook发现的是当时称为Great South land，现在称为Australia的那块大陆。now是答案。注意，下旬中桑伟奇群岛，现称夏威夷群岛，也用now。then(当时)、past(过中大网校
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中大网校引领成功职业人生
去的)或previously(以前)意思与上下文表达的意思连接不上。(8):C 1824之后的定语从句是修饰表达时间概念1824的，所以连接词要用关系副词when。(9):B 第三段提到Cook是被乱棍打死的(He was clubbed to death„)，所以选择fight是很自然的。(10):B 第五段主要的意思是“有关„„的传说继续到„„为止”，所以合适的选择是until。(11):C 本段表明，DNA鉴定的结论是：这支箭不是用Cook的骨头制成的。接下去的意思是，这支箭很可能是用动物的骨头制成的。而more likely是“很可能”的意思。其他三个选项的词义与本句表达的意思不匹配。(12):A 从上下文判断，只有选refuse才符合原意。从语法上判断，refuse后面可接动词不定式。其他三个选项的词义与句子表达的意思不符。(13):D was buried at sea是“葬身海中”的意思。其他三个选项的词义与句子表达的意思不符。(14):A 本题从语义上只能选statement(声明)。其他三个选项，即suggestion(建议)、proposal(提议)与gue(猜测)表达的意思与语境不符。(15):C 本题要选sure，表示Cliff Thornton对sure后面的that从句表达的将要发生的事有信心。而safe，weak或lucky的词义与句子表达的意思不符。
中大网校
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中大网校引领成功职业人生2012年职称英语考试《理工类》押题试卷(3) 总分：100分及格：60分考试时间：120分第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有l5个句子，每个句子中均......
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