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1、设计目的运用MATLAB实现MATLAB的GUI程序设计。
2、题目分析
2.1课程设计的基本要求：
A.熟悉和掌握MATLAB 程序设计方法。B.掌握MATLAB GUI程序设计。2.2课程设计的内容
要求利用MATLAB GUI设计实现一个图形用户界面的计算器程序，要求实现： A.具有友好的用户图形界面。实现十进制数的加、减、乘、除、乘方、取模等简单计算。
B.科学计算函数，包括(反)正弦、(反)余弦、(反)正切、(反)余切、开方、指数等函数运行。
C.能够保存上次历史计算的答案，显示答案存储器中的内容。D.有清除键，能清除操作。
E.独立存储器功能，使之可以直接输入存储器，可与存储器中的数值相加减。能够清除独立存储器中的内容。2.3题目分析
本题目通过MATLAB的GUI程序设计较为简单，在GUI设计中主要用到三种控件，显示框用到文本编辑框（edit text），说明框用到静态文本框（Static text），数字以及运算等按钮用到命令按钮（push button）。然后再通过各个按钮的回调函数，实现简单的计算功能。
3、总体设计
首先用MATLAB GUI功能，在绘制一个静态文本框和一个文本编辑框，以及32个命令按钮，调整好各控件大小、颜色，整体布局如图所示：
然后通过双击个按钮来改写其属性，在m文件中编写其回调函数，最后在运行调试。
4、具体设计 4.1 各功能界面设计 GUI设计界面：
4.2 各功能模块实现 算法设计：
A.数字键设计：0—9以及小数点函数都一样，只是参数不同： global jj textString = get(handles.text1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)&(jj==0)set(handles.text1,'String','1');else
textString =strcat(textString,'1');set(handles.text1,'String',textString)end jj=0;B.四则运算函数：
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');textString =strcat(textString,'+');set(handles.text1,'String',textString)C.科学计算函数：
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)set(handles.text1,'String','0.');else
a = strread(textString, '%f');a=sin(a);set(handles.text1,'String',a)end 或
textString=handles.text1;textString=sin(str2num(get(handles.text1,'String'))*pi/180);set(handles.text1,'String',num2str(textString))D.退格键：通过取屏幕值，计算出其字符长度，然后取其前N-1项的值来实现退格： global jj textString = get(handles.text1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)&(jj==0)set(handles.text1,'String','0.');else
=char(textString);l=length(textString);textString=(1:l-1);set(handles.text1,'String',textString)end jj=0;E.清屏键函数：
set(handles.text1,'String','0.');F．右键函数：
gtext('大家好;我是智能机器人-my name is seven');close(gcf);4.3 各模块实现结果 A.数字键：
B.四则运算函数:
C.科学计算函数： Sin45的计算结果=
经过计算，这些结果均与实际结果相吻合，计算器的功能实现的较为完好。5.2问题和解决方法：
a.小数点可以连续输入。解决方法是：用strfind函数查看文本框里有几个小数点，如果已经有一个了，再按小数点就保持不变。b.按过运算符号后一个数不等于一个数，比如：输入1，按等号，会出来一个3，经过长时间分析得知，这是由于在按运算符号时，系统记录了文本框里的数但没有清空，才会出现这种问题。解决方法是再申请一个不同于加减乘除的另一个符号，并将按过运算符后记录的数值置0。
c.按对数函数键时，负数也能运算，通过加入if判断语句来判断输入的值是否为负，若为负则输出error.6、心得体会
通过本次的MATLAB课程设计，让我对MATLAB尤其是其GUI设计的功能有了进一步的了解，认识到了它功能的强大。在MATLAB简单计算器的设计中，了解了关于MATLAB图形用户界面的部分控件的使用方法；利用MATLAB的GUI提供的很多实用的控件，方便用于设计属于自己的图形界面。
7、附录（源代码）
function varargout = jisuanqi(varargin)% JISUANQI M-file for jisuanqi.fig
% JISUANQI, by itself, creates a new JISUANQI or raises the existing % singleton*.%
% H = JISUANQI returns the handle to a new JISUANQI or the handle to % the existing singleton*.%
% JISUANQI('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...)calls the local % function named CALLBACK in JISUANQI.M with the given input arguments.%
% JISUANQI('Property','Value',...)creates a new JISUANQI or raises the % existing singleton*.Starting from the left, property value pairs are % applied to the GUI before jisuanqi_OpeningFunction gets called.An % unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application % stop.All inputs are paed to jisuanqi_OpeningFcn via varargin.%
% *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.Choose “GUI allows only one % instance to run(singleton)”.%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES % Copyright 2002-2003 The MathWorks, Inc.% Edit the above text to modify the response to help jisuanqi % Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 04-Dec-2012 17:06:43 % Begin initialization codeDO NOT EDIT
%---Executes just before jisuanqi is made visible.function jisuanqi_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)% Get default command line output from handles structure varargout{1} = handles.output;
function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit1(see GCBO)
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles emptyto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)global jj
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)&(jj==0)set(handles.text1,'String','1');else
textString =strcat(textString,'1');set(handles.text1,'String',textString)end jj=0;
%---Executes on button pre in pushbutton2.function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton2(see GCBO)
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)global jj
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');
if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)&(jj==0)set(handles.text1,'String','3');else
textString =strcat(textString,'3');set(handles.text1,'String',textString)end jj=0;
%---Executes on button pre in pushbutton13.function pushbutton13_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton13(see GCBO)
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)global jj
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)&(jj==0)set(handles.text1,'String','-');else
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');textString =strcat(textString,'-');set(handles.text1,'String',textString)end jj=0;
%---Executes on button pre in pushbutton21.function pushbutton21_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton21(see GCBO)
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)textString = get(handles.text1,'String');%strcmp(textString,'0.')textString=handles.text1;
textString=sin(str2num(get(handles.text1,'String'))*pi/180);set(handles.text1,'String',num2str(textString))%a = strread(textString, '%f')%textString=get(handles.text1,'String')%textString=strcat(textString,'sin')%set(handles.text1,'String',textString)%---Executes on button pre in pushbutton23.function pushbutton23_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton23(see GCBO)
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)global jj
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)&(jj==0)set(handles.text1,'String','4');else
textString =strcat(textString,'4');set(handles.text1,'String',textString)end jj=0;
%---Executes on button pre in pushbutton5.function pushbutton5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton5(see GCBO)
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)global jj
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)&(jj==0)set(handles.text1,'String','6');else
textString =strcat(textString,'6');set(handles.text1,'String',textString)end jj=0;
%---Executes on button pre in pushbutton15.function pushbutton15_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton15(see GCBO)
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)global jj
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)&(jj==0)set(handles.text1,'String','/');else
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');textString =strcat(textString,'/');set(handles.text1,'String',textString)end jj=0;
%---Executes on button pre in pushbutton24.function pushbutton24_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton24(see GCBO)
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)textString = get(handles.text1,'String');%strcmp(textString,'0.')textString=handles.text1;
textString=cos(str2num(get(handles.text1,'String'))*pi/180);set(handles.text1,'String',num2str(textString))%---Executes on button pre in pushbutton26.function pushbutton26_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton26(see GCBO)
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)global jj
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)&(jj==0)set(handles.text1,'String','7');else
textString =strcat(textString,'7');set(handles.text1,'String',textString)end jj=0;
%---Executes on button pre in pushbutton8.function pushbutton8_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton8(see GCBO)
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)global jj
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');
if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)&(jj==0)set(handles.text1,'String','9');else
textString =strcat(textString,'9');set(handles.text1,'String',textString)end jj=0;
%---Executes on button pre in pushbutton17.function pushbutton17_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton17(see GCBO)
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)textString = get(handles.text1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)set(handles.text1,'String',')');else
textString =strcat(textString,')');set(handles.text1,'String',textString)end
%---Executes on button pre in pushbutton27.function pushbutton27_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton27(see GCBO)
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)textString = get(handles.text1,'String');%strcmp(textString,'0.')textString=handles.text1;
textString=tan(str2num(get(handles.text1,'String'))*pi/180);set(handles.text1,'String',num2str(textString))%---Executes on button pre in pushbutton29.function pushbutton29_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton29(see GCBO)
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)
global jj
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)&(jj==0)set(handles.text1,'String','0.');else
textString =strcat(textString,'0');set(handles.text1,'String',textString)end jj=0;
%---Executes on button pre in pushbutton11.function pushbutton11_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton11(see GCBO)
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)set(handles.text1,'String','0.');
%---Executes on button pre in pushbutton19.function pushbutton19_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton19(see GCBO)
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)textString=get(handles.text1,'String')s=eval(textString)
set(handles.text1,'String',s)
%---Executes on button pre in pushbutton30.function pushbutton30_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton30(see GCBO)
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)textString = get(handles.text1,'String');%strcmp(textString,'0.')textString=handles.text1;
textString=cot(str2num(get(handles.text1,'String'))*pi/180);set(handles.text1,'String',num2str(textString))%---Executes on button pre in pushbutton32.function pushbutton32_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton32(see GCBO)% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)%open('1.bmp')
gtext('大家好;我是智能机器人-my name is seven');
%------function J_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to J(see GCBO)
% eventdata reservedto be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)close(gcf);
8、参考书目：
[1]《MATLAB语言及其在电子信息工程中的应用》 王洪元主编 清华大学出版社
[2] 《MATLAB中GUI的应用》 王洪元主编 清华大学出版社
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