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英文写作术语大全（中英文对照）
abstract words抽象词acknowledgement致谢active voice主动语态affirmative sentence 肯定句agent施动者alliteration头韵ambiguity歧义American English美式英语 analogy类比analytic expreion分析型表达 anastrophe词语倒装法 anticlimax order突降法anti-rhetorical反修辞antithesis对照对偶 antonomasia换称antonym反义词apostrophe撇号(即')appositive同位语archaic words古词argumentation议论文argumentative writing 议论文写作article冠词ascending order递增法aociation联想attitude态度audience听众awkwardne拙劣balanced sentence平衡句base词根beginning 开头
beginning paragraph 开头段落 between sentences 句际bibliography书目big words大词block contrast批对比法body主体bookish verbs学究式动词 brainstorming头脑风暴法 brevity简练British English英式英语broken sentence破碎句capitalization用大写
case study案例分析
casual style非正式文体 causal analysis因果分析
cause-effect development 由因到果发展法 central thought中心思想Chinese interference 中文干扰Chinglish中国式英语 choice of words选词choppy sentence断续句 循环圆周结构circumlocutory兜圈子的clarity明晰claical rhetoric古典修辞模式 claification分类发展法
clear reference of pronoun 代词前指明晰 clear sentence意义明晰句 cliché陈词滥调climax order递增顺序clipped words词省略拼法 closing paragraph结尾段落coherence连贯coherent连贯的cohesion粘着性cohesive device粘着手段collective noun集体名词collocation搭配colloquial口语化的colloquial context口语语境colloquialism口语化colon冒号combination句子合并组合法 comma逗号common words普通词 常用语communication means 交际手段comparison比较法Complete eay checklist 作品核查项目单 complete sentence完整句complex sentence复杂句complimentary close 结尾套语
compound sentence 复合句 复杂复合句 conceptual repetition 概念重复法 concise简洁conclusion结论/ 6
concrete illustration 具体阐明concrete words实义词confusing sentence 意义混乱句 conjunction连词connective联系词connotation内涵connotative meaning 内涵意义conscious logic逻辑意识consistency一致性consistent diction选词一致性 consonant辅音consultative style商谈体content内容context语境contraction省略contrast对比法controlling idea主要思想，conversion词性转换表达法 co-occurrence共现coordinating conjunction 复合句连词 coordination复合correlation相关性corrupt English迂腐英语cro-cultural writing 跨文化写作 culture文化curriculum vitae简历dangling modifier悬垂修饰语 dash破折号dateline写信日期栏 declarative sentence 陈述句deduction演绎法deductive演绎逻辑的 deductive argumentation 演绎论证definite article定冠词definition定义法denotation外延denotative meaning 外延意义descending order递降顺序description描写descriptive描述性的descriptive writing描写文development发展diagram图表说明diction选词differentiation区别digreive 跑题、离题的，印象法描写的直接法 direct thinking pattern 直接了当的思维模式
directions题义指令discourse pattern篇章模式
distance from tone 语调产生距离，偏离计划主题 division分析分类法 documenting the paper 论文引证domesticating strategy 归化战略domestication归化法drably表达干巴draft草稿
effect-cause development 由果到因发展法 effective paragraph 表述有力的段落 effective sentence表达有力的句子 effective variety表达有力的变化 egalitarian(思维)平等化 elaboration进一步详尽阐述 electronic news media 电子新闻媒体 embedding structure 内嵌结构emotional coloring 感情色彩emphasis强调emphatic phrases强调性短语 emphatic structure强调性结构 emphatic words强调性词语 ending结尾ending paragraph结尾段落English thinking英语思维English thinking characters 英语思维特征 English thinking pattern 英语思维模式 enumeration列举法epigrammatic effect 隽语效果establish context确立语境establish rapport建立沟通基础 euphemism委婉语evaluating information 评估材料evidence证据exclamation mark感叹号exclamatory sentence 感叹句exemplification举例法
expected functions（信件的）期望交际功能 expletive虚词填充词 explicit language明示的语言 explicitne明示性exposition阐述文议论文 expository writing议论文写作 expounding解释详细说明 expreionism表现主义fallacy in argumentation 论证谬误familiar熟悉的faulty parallelism错误平行feedback反馈fiery language情绪激动的语言 figure of speech修辞filler words填充词first draft第一稿first-person point of view 第一人称flashback倒叙focus中心foreignization外化法foreignizing strategy 外化战略formal正式的formal letter正式信函formal repetition形式重复法 formal style正式文体formal words正式体词语
formulating thesis statement 写作主题句 four-character expreion(汉语)四字成语 fragmental sentence 破碎句free choice自由选择frequency of usage 使用频率frozen expreions 极正式用语 frozen style极正式文体 full spelling完全拼法full stop句号fullne(段落发展)充分性 general connotation 普遍内涵意义 general pattern常见形式general words一般词汇generalization概括法
general-specific pattern 由概括到具体发展模式genres风格、体裁 gobbledygook官样文章、冗长费解的语言grammatical devices 语法技巧grammaticality符合语法性 heading信头historical aociation 历史联想hyperbole夸张法hyphen分号hyphenated words用连字号连接的词 hyponymy下义关系hyponym下义词
ideographic synonym 相对近义词 idiom成语idiomatic usage习惯用法illustration佐证imperative sentence 祈使句
impersonal非个性化的、客观的implicit language含蓄语言implicitne含蓄implied meaning隐含意义impreionistic description 印象描写法 indefinite article不定冠词indent行缩进in-depth analysis深度分析individual words独立个体词 individualistic个性化induction归纳法inductive归纳法的inductive argumentation 归纳法论证法 inductive reasoning 归纳法论证 infinitive mark不定式标记
inflexible and explicit logic 刚性显性逻辑 informal非正式的informal letter非正式信函 information focus信息中心information miing 信息遗漏informative提供信息的、提供知识的innuendo讽刺、暗指 inside addre信内地址
interpretation of examples 对例子的诠释 interpretative reporting 诠释性报告 interrogative sentence 疑问句interrupting expreions 插入短语intimate亲密intimate style亲密体
inverted pyramid form 倒金字塔形式 inverted word order 词序颠倒法 involved modifiers 复杂修饰语 involved sentence意义复杂句 irony反语jargon行话journalese新闻体journalistic writing新闻写作justify the significance 论证意义keep to the point紧扣主题key words关键词lack of inflection缺少词形变化 language problem语言问题learned words学术用词lengthy paage过长段落letter信函levels of usage用法层次lexical reference句法前指法
lexical stylistic devices 句法风格技巧 line shifting换行
linear thinking pattern 线形思维模式 listing列举literal meaning字面意义literary context文学性语境 literary works文学作品literature review文献回顾litotes反语法、间接肯定法、曲言法 locating information 搜索定位材料 logical paragraphing 逻辑分段法
logical thinking modes 逻辑思维模式，逻辑词逻辑短语 logicalne逻辑性long sentence长句loose sentence松散句lo of style偏离一贯的风格 main body主体main idea主要思想main point要点manuscript手稿、原稿 margin页边距materials collecting 材料搜集materials sorting材料析选maxim of manner方式次则maxim of quality质量次则maxim of quantity数量次则maxim of relevance 相关次则meaning意义means手段
mechanical English 缺乏灵活的英语 meage信息mey混乱metaphor隐喻metonymy借代midget words小词、常用词 militant tone态度强硬的语调 misplaced modifier 错位修饰语 modifier修饰语monotony单调mood语态mood shifting语态转换mouth-filler口头禅narration叙述体narrative叙述体的narrative writing叙述体写作
nature of English language 英语语言本质 neat整洁
negative meaning负面意义
negative sentence否定句newly coined words 新撰词news report新闻报道
news report top-heavy 新闻报道的头重模式 nominalization名词化non-literature works 非文学作品 nonrestrictive clause 非限制性从句 nonrestrictive phrase 非限制性短语 nonverbal language 非言语语言（手势、表情等）noun-oriented sentence 倾向名词化的句子 novel小说number数number shifting数的转换objective description 客观描写obscurity意义不明on equal footing（写作风格）平等化 one-sentence paragraph 一句段落onomatopoeia拟声词opening paragraph 开头段落organization组织outline提纲oxymoron矛盾修饰法 padded expreion 兜圈子的表达 parady仿拟paragraph段落 独立实体的段落 paragraph development 段落发展法 paragraphing分段法parallel structure平行结构parallelism平行结构parentheses插入语圆括弧 parenthetical expreions 插入语paive sentence被动句period句号periodic sentence圆周句person人称person shifting人称转换personal个体化的personal connotation 对个体而言的内涵意义 personal letter个人信函personification拟人化persuasive writing劝服性写作、以劝说为目的的写作
phonetic stylistic device 语音风格技巧 phrasal verbs短语动词plain sentence相对修辞句的平白句 plantification拟物
point意义点point of view观点point-by-point contrast 逐点对比polite礼貌体的poor English英语表达力贫乏的 positional relation位置相关positivist-empirical 经验实证性 power of communication 沟通力practical writing应用文写作 precise word表达精确的词汇 precision精确prefix前缀preparatory reading 写作预备阅读 preposition介词presenting ideas阐述观点prewriting写作前
printed name of the sender 印刷体写信人姓名 printed news media 印刷体新闻媒体 problem-solution提出问题-解决问题的模式proce程序法pronoun代词pronoun shifting代词转换proofread校对proper names专有名词public（语篇系统特征）公开性 pun双关语punctuation标点punctuation mark标点符号purposefulne目的性Queen's English标准英语question mark问号quotation引用quotation mark引号quoted speech 引语reader读者readers-oriented读者为中心的 reader-responsible读者文责的 reasoning论证
redundant collocation 多余搭配reference line参考行register语域 句际关系relative noun关系名词relative synonym相对近义词 repetition重复
repetition of structure 结构重复法 report writing报告写作research paper writing 研究报告写作
restatement重申法resume个人简历return addre回信地址
returning to the beginning 照应开头法 revise修改rhetoric修辞rhetoric of sentence 句子修辞rhetorical analogy修辞类比rhetorical question反问句rhetorical words华丽用语round character性格充分体现的人物 roundabout style迂回风格run-on sentence“连环”句 salutation称呼语sample样本sarcasm讽刺semicolon分号sentencing组句setting场景shades of meaning 隐含义short preposition短介词short sentence短句short story短篇故事signature签名simile明喻simple English简明英语simple sentence简单句simple words简单词sincerity真诚性
singlene of purpose 目的唯一性 situation情景
situationally appropriate 于情景贴切的 slang俚语social aociation社会联想special terms特殊术语specific words具体词汇speech口头言语spelling拼写stage步骤法statistics数据法strength of meaning 意义力度strength of word词语力度stringy sentence“连环”句 structural behavior 结构行为style风格、文体 style is the man风格即人style makes sense风格即成意义
stylistic coloring文体色彩stylistic label文体标记stylistic reference文体照应stylistic synonym风格近义词 stylistically appropriate 于文体贴切的 sub-ideas次思想subject主题subject line主题行subject-oriented以主题为中心的 subject-verb agreement 主谓一致subordination句子从属组合法 subsidiary points副观点substantial verb实义动词substitution替代法sub-topics副主题suffix后缀summary摘要superordinate上义词，高级词 suspense悬念syllable音节syllogism三段论、演绎推理 symbolic符号的synaesthesia通感，同感 synecdoche提喻synonym近义词
syntactical stylistic device 句法风格技巧synthetic expreion 综合型表达 systematic系统性tense shifting时的转换terse paage简练的行文 test writing应试写作textual distribution文稿布局the right style合适的风格 theme主题
third-person point of view 第三人称 timed writing限时作文title writing标题写作to preach训导式、说教式 to reason讲道理、逻辑论证 tone语调tones of voice语气topic话题topic sentence主题句transferred epithet/ hypallage 移就 transition过渡transitional mark过渡标记transitional techniques 过渡技巧
truthfulne真实性
types of characters 人物性格类别 ungrammaticality不符合语法性 unity统一性unnatural shifting不自然转换 usage用法variation趋势分析variety多样化verbal language言语语言verbalization动词化
verb-oriented sentence 倾向动词化的句子 vigor力度vividne生动vocabulary词汇vogue slang流行俚语vowel元音vulgar words平民词语word cla词类word division断词法word order词序word power单词表达力 wordine多话、罗嗦 wordy罗嗦的writer-responsible作者文责的 writer's purpose作者目的writing写作writing attitudes写作态度writing proce写作过程writing purpose写作目的zero affix零缀词性转换法 zero derivation零缀词性转换法
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