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一.动名词:动名次有名词和动词的特征,可以带宾语或受状语的修饰。动名词加宾语或状语构成动名词短语。二.形式
一般式:doing(主动)、being done(被动)完成式:having done(完成式)、having been done(被动)例:I went to the party without being invited。
He was praised for having finished the work。I don‘t mind being left at home。(I位于主语的位置,但充当逻辑宾语,所以用被动式)Leave sb at home留某人在家
三.动名词可在句中充当的成分:主语、表语、宾语、定语 1.主语
例:Learning new words is very useful to me。对我来说学习生词很有用。特殊用法:
(1)it做形式主语: It + fun/nice/(adj。)+动名词 注:在eential(必要的),important,neceary后面不可用动名词。(2)There is no+动名词短语=It is impoible to do„„ 2.表语
例:My favourite sport is swimming。注:
(1)job,work,hobby做主语时,表语用动名词。例:My job is teaching。
(2)动名词做表语时要注意与进行时态区分 例:He is collecting stamps。他正在集邮。
His hobby is collecting stamps。他爱好集邮。She was washing clothes。她正在洗衣服
Her job was washing clothes。她的工作是洗衣服。3.宾语
例:I enjoy listening to music。我喜欢听音乐。注:
(1)在一些动词后只可以用动名词做宾语而不可以用不定式做宾语:suggest、finish、stop、can‘t help、consider、advise、practise、mi、imagine„„
(2)S+think/consider/find/feel like/+it+usele/no use/no good+动名词。例:I found it usele arguing about it。我发现争论这事没有用。(3)短语:look forward to doing期待做某事
be used to do doing习惯做某事
devote to doing认真做某事
4.定语:动名做定语置于名词前,说明所修饰词的性质以及用途,具有名词性质。例:a swimming pool=a pool for swimming 三.不定式和动名的区别 1.做主语时的区别:
① 不定式指具体/特指/将来要发生的动作。② 动名词指习惯性/抽象/已发生的动作或状态。例:Smoking(范指一种行为)is bad。
To smoke so much is bad for your health。(具体)My hope is to go to the party(将来)2.做表语时的区别:
① 主语为hope、wish、plan等词时用不定式
② 主语是由all/what引出的结构或者从句时用不定式 ③ 主语为job、work、hobby时用动名词 3.做宾语时的区别:
①like、dislike、hate、love既可以加to do也可以加doing to do表示具体动作
I like to listen to music。doing表示习惯性动作
I like listening to music。
②mean to do=intend to do=plan to do打算做某事/mean doing意味着„„ ③remember/forget to do记得要做而没做的事/忘记将要做某事
remember/forget doing记得已做过某事/忘记已经做过某事 ④ try to do尽力、试图做/try doing尝试做
⑤ regret doing后悔做过某事/regret to do遗憾(其中do的内容是“说”的内容)例:I regret to tell you that I can‘t help you。
I regret telling him this。⑥start/begin to do 1)当start/begin为V-ing的形式时要用to do 2)当主语为物的时候要用to do 3)当句中的do为表示心理活动的词是要用to do 例:I‘m beginning to do the work。
It begins to rain。
I begin to understand what he said。start/begin doing ⑦continue to do =continue doing ⑧need/want 1)主语为人时:need to to do=need sb to do 2)主语为物时:need doing=need to be done 例:The flowers need wartering/to be watered。
刀豆文库小编为你整合推荐3篇非谓语动词用法讲座---动名词,也许这些就是您需要的文章,但愿刀豆文库能带给您一些学习、工作上的帮助。......
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刀豆文库小编为你整合推荐3篇非谓语动词讲解及练习:动名词,也许这些就是您需要的文章,但愿刀豆文库能带给您一些学习、工作上的帮助。......
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