第1篇：英语写作句型
初中英语写作中常见的十二种句型
句型(一)such+名词性词组+that„
So+形容词/副词+that„——如此„„以致„„
例如：(1)She is such a good teacher that we all love her.她是一个好老师，我们都爱她。
(2)It was such a hot day that they didn’t go out for a walk as usual.这么热的天气，他们没有像往常一样去散步。
注意点：
1.such+a+形容词+名词+that„，可以改写成：so+形容词+a+名词+that„，例句(1)可以改写成：She is so good a teacher that we all love her.2.在such+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+that„结构中，形容词如果是many/few或much/little时，用so不用such，即：so+many/few+可数名词复数+that„，so+much/little+不可数名词+that„
(1)There are so many people in the room that I can’t get in.房间里人太多，我进不去。
(2)The man has so much money that he can buy a car.那人很有钱，他能买一辆小汽车。句型(二)
There be„，either„or„，neither„nor„，not only„but also„
例如：(1)There is a pen and two pencils in his pencil-box.他的铅笔盒里有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。
(2)Not only you but also I have been to the Great Wall.你和我都没有去过长城。
(3)Either you or I am leaving for Shanghai.要么你去上海，要么我去上海。
(4)Neither you nor he is right.你和他都不对。
(5)Both Jack and Tim are English.Jack和Tim是英国人。
注意点： 当这几个句型连接主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要考虑“就近原则”，对比both„and„来记忆，both„and„连接主语时视为复数。句型(三)
Enough+名词+to do„——有足够的„„做某事
形容词/副词+enough+to do „——足够„„做某事
例如：(1)There is enough room to hold these people to have a meeting.有足够的地方容下这些人开会。
(2)The boy is strong enough to carry the heavy box.这个男孩力气够大，能搬动这只箱子。
注意点：enough做副词修饰形容词或副词时，放在所修饰词的后面，句子可以用so„that„句型改写。例句(2)可以改写为：The boy is so strong that he can carry the heavy box.这个男孩力气很大，能搬动这只箱子。
句型(四)
too+形容词/副词+to do„——太„„以致不能„„例如：(1)I was too excited to say a word.我激动得一个字也说不出来。(2)Tom is too short to reach the apple.Tom太矮了，拿不到那个苹果。
注意点：
这是一个否定句型，不能在不定式前加 not，可以用so„that„结构改写，例如例句(1)可以改写成：I was so excited that I couldn’t say a word.句型(五)
So that „——以便/以致„„
例如：(1)They studied hard so that they could pa the exam.他们学习很努力，为了能通过考试。
(2)They started early so that they caught the early bus.他们起得很早，结果赶上了早班车。注意点：在例句(1)中,是引导目的状语；在例句(2)中，是引导结果状语。一般来讲，从句中含有情态动词的，为目的状语。无情态动词的，为结果状语。
句型(六)
祈使句+then/or/and+陈述句
例如：(1)Work hard,and/then/and then you will live a happy life.努力工作，你就会过上幸福生活。
(2)Hurry up, or we will be late for school.快点，否则我们上学就迟到了。
注意点：以上句型都可以用条件状语从句来改写。例句(2)可以改写成：If we don’t hurry up,we’ll be late for school.句型(七)(1)It’s time for sth.是干某事的时间了。
It’s time(for sb)to do sth.该干某事了。It’s time that sb did sth.该干某事了。
例如：(1)It’s time for the meeting.该开会了。(2)It’s time for us to go to school.我们该上学了。(3)It’s high time that you went to bed.你该上床休息了。
注意点： 在句型(3)中，可以在time前加rush、high等修饰词，这个句型是虚拟语气的一种，含有“稍迟一点”的含义。而(2)则是“正是干某事的时候”。句型(八)
(1)It takes sb.Some time to do sth.干某事花某人一些时间
(2)sb.spend some time on sth./(in)doing sth.某人花时间在某事上/花时间干某事
(3)spend some money on sth./(in)doing sth.花钱在某物上/花钱干某事
(4)sth.cost sb.Some money——某事花某人一些钱
(5)pay some money for sth.为某事(物)付钱
例如：(1)It took me two hours to write the letter.写这封信花了我两小时的时间。
(2)He spends half an hour(in)reading English every morning.他每天早上花半小时读英语。
(3)He spends one hour on the housework every day.他每天花一小时做家务。
(4)The bike cost me 298 yuan.这辆自行车花了我298元。
(5)I spent 298 yuan on the bike.我买这辆自行车花了298 元。
(6)I paid 298 yuan for the bike.我花了298元买这辆自行车。
注意点：cost主语一般为物；spend、pay主语一般为人。例(1)中it 用做形式主语，动词不定式为真正主语。
句型(九)
(1)Why not do„?为什么不干某事？
(2)Let’s do „让我们干某事吧。(3)Shall we do „?我们干某事好吗？
(4)Would you like something/to do sth.„?你想要什么吗？你想要干„吗？
(5)Will you please do „?请你干某事好吗？(6)What(How)about doing„?干某事怎么样？例如：(1)Why not go and ask our teacher?Goodidea!Let’s go.为什么不去问问老师？好主意！走吧！
(2)Shall we go out for a walk?No, let’s go to the zoo.我们去散步怎么样？不，我们去动物园吧。(3)Will you please fetch some chalks for me?请你给我拿些粉笔，好吗？
(4)What about singing an English song? Wonderful!唱首英语歌曲怎么样？好极了！
注意点：这些句型都是表示“建议”的句子，可视为同义句。
句型(十)
(1)Let’s go out for a walk,shall we?让我们出去散步，好吗？
(2)Read the book carefully,will you?认真读书，好吗？
注意点：在这两个句型中，(2)所代表的祈使句，一般用will you构成反意疑问句。在(1)中Let’s表示包括“我”在内，用shall we，但若是let us，表示不包括“我”在内，则用will you。
例如：Let us go out for a walk,will you?你让我们出去散散步，好吗？ 句型(十一)
So+be/助动词/情态动词+主语——也„„
Neither/Nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语——也不„„
例如：(1)He can sing a lot of English songs,so can she.他会唱很多英语歌曲，她也是。
(2)She speaks English very well,so do I.她英语说得好，我也是。
(3)Li Lei hasn’t read this book,neither has Lin Feng.李蕾没看过这本书，林风也没看过。
注意点：这两个句型都表示和前面所陈述的内容相同，用倒装句。要注意和“so+主语+be/助动词/情态动词——确实是”相区别，试对比一下例(2)：
A：She speaks English very well.她英语说得很好。B：so she does.确实是这样。句型(十二)
I don’t think his answer is right.我认为他的答案不对。
例如：(1)I can’t believe she is right.我相信她是不对的。
(2)You don’t think they will come tomorrow, do you?你认为他们明天不会来，是吗？
注意点：Think、believe、suppose 等接宾语从句时，表示否定时否定主句。变为反意疑问句时，若主语是第一人称，简短问句与宾语从句的主谓语保持一致，若主句主语是其他人称，与主句主谓语保持一致。例(1)变为反意疑问句应为：I can’t believe she is right, is she? 中考英语作文热点现在中考试题多与社会上的一些热点事件相联系，现把有可能出现的热点内容作了一下整理，希望对大家有所帮助！
一、有关2008奥运
1．2008年中国将在北京举办第29届夏季奥运会，你班就其将给北京带来的影响展开了激烈的讨论。假如你是李华，现请根据下表内容给21世纪报的编辑写一封信，说说你们讨论的结果以及你个人的看法。积极影响消极影响
凋动北京人民学习英语的积极性交通拥挤增加就业、促进旅游业的发展造成污染、破坏环境使北京更美丽资源浪费让世界更了解中国 参考范文： Dear Editor，The 29th Olympic Games will be held in Beijing in 2008．Recently our cla have had a discuion about its effects(影响)on Beijing．
Some students believe there are many good effects．They think the Olympics will encourage people in Beijing to learn English harder，help more people find jobs，prosper tourism and make Beijing more beautiful． Besides it will make China better known to the world．The others think the Olympics will also bring some trouble．For example，at that time，the traffic will be heavier and the environment will be destroyed.Furthermore，holding the Olympic Games will also cause more pollution and waste resources．As a saying（谚语）goes，a coin has two sides．So I think the Olympics have both good and bad effects．And it is certain that our government will do something to avoid the bad．What is more，our competitors will do better in the 2008 Olympic Games.2．假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Dave来信询问有关北京为迎接2008年奥运会而进行的城市美化工作的情况。请你根据下表的内容用英语写一封短信，并欢迎他届时来北京。口号 “绿色奥运”。计划投资 122亿美元对城市进行美化。
内容环境大面积植树、种草、栽花环保使用清洁能源：处理和再利用污水 目标花园城市：天再蓝些，水再清些
注意：1.词数100字左右 2.生词提示：slogan 口号 参考范文： Dear Dave，How nice to hear from you again.Now let me tell you something about Beijing for the 2008 Olympic Games.Our slogan（口号）is “Green Olympics”.12.2 billion dollars will be spent on this project（工程）.A lot more trees, flowers and gra will be planted in many places to make Beijing more beautiful.We will try our best to make waste water clean and reuse it.In 2008, you will see Beijing as beautiful as a garden, with cleaner water and a clearer sky.I'm looking forward to meeting you in Beijing in 2008.Yours, Li Hua 3．众所周知，2008 年奥运会将在北京举行。为了办好这次国际盛会，北京市将进一步改善环境，修建更多的体育场馆。与此同时，提高市民的素质和修养也势在必行，因为文明的举止在国际交往中非常重要。作为年轻人，我们自身也存在着一些不文明的行为。请列举你所观察到的一些不文明行为（三种以上），并就此做出评论或提出建议。注意：1.生词已经给出 2.不要逐字翻译 3.词数在100 以上 参考词汇: 修养culture；举止behave v.behavior n.；草坪 lawn 参考范文：
It is known to all that the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.In order to make it a succeful event, we will improve the environment of Beijing and build more gyms.At the same time, it is neceary for us to improve the quality and culture of the citizens as（因为）manners（礼貌，礼仪，风度）play an important part（起着非常重要的作用）in international communication.I notice that sometimes some young people don't behave properly in our daily lives.For example, spitting in public places can be seen somewhere.The gra are stepped on in the park although it is not right to do so.The flowers in public gardens are picked.What is worse, rubbish and plastic bags are thrown on the ground in the street.In my opinion（依我看），these bad behaviors will make bad impreions upon visitors to China.So every one of us should form good habits from now on.二、有关八荣八耻方面的题目： 4．新学期开始，学校开展了争作“好学生、好公民”的活动。请你以“Great Changes”为题向《中学生英语报》投稿，记述自开展活动以来同学们所发生的巨大变化。
注意：1.报道须包括以下主要内容，词数不少于60。2.报道的开头已给出。活动前：◆不能保持教室清洁，随意丢弃废弃物
◆对师长不够礼貌，常常忘记问候◆购物、等车不能遵守秩序
活动后：◆积极参加大扫除，将废弃物放入垃圾箱
◆主动问候老师并帮助老师做事情◆主动排队，在公交车上为老年人让座 参考范文： Great Changes
The activity of being a good student and good citizen（市民，公民）has been held since the beginning of this term in our school.Everybody has taken an active part in it.In the past, we didn't have the habit of keeping our claroom tidy and even threw waste(s)anywhere.We weren't polite enough to our teachers and sometimes forgot to greet them.While doing shopping or waiting for a bus, some of us jumped the queue instead of obeying the rules.But now everyone is willing to（愿意...）do cleaning and sort（把...分类）the waste before throwing it into dustbins.Everybody has great respect for（对...尊敬）our teachers and helps them with something.In pubic places, we try to wait in line and offer seats to(主动提供座位给....)the old on the bus.What great changes have taken place!We do hope every student can keep it up.5党中央号召全国人民树立“八荣八耻”荣辱观，仔细观看下面这组漫画，根据要求以 Beauty Comes From Action为题写一篇120词左右的短文。漂亮女郎的行为残疾老人的行为你的评论 参考范文：
In the above cartoons, a young woman is happily eating bananas and throwing the peels on the street.She doesn't realize the fact that such actions not only pollute the environment but also bring dangers to others.A disabled man(残疾人)is trying hard to pick up the peels she has left behind and put them in the dustbin.Though the girl is beautiful, it is the disabled man who is truly more beautiful.Being well dreed is important.However, we should always keep this in mind: True beauty comes from one's actions.While most of us enjoy pretty appearances, I think it is more important to have a clean and beautiful soul(心灵).Only such souls can create(创造)a beautiful society.三、建设节约型社会，从我做起
6．假设你是王明，是“陕西中学”的学生。请你围绕“建设节约型社会，从我做起”的主题，根据下面所给出的要点提示，用英语给全国的中学生写一封倡议书。要点提示：
1、节约用水,特别是在刷牙、洗手时;要避免不必要的浪费；
2、教室或家中无人时一定要确保关上灯和其他电器，白天无须开灯时不要开灯；
3、节约纸张等学习用品；
4、主动向父母及周围亲朋宣传节约能源的思想。注意：
1、词数100左右；
2、倡议书的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入词数；
3、内容可适当发挥，要注意行文连贯。参考范文：
Dear fellow students，Our government is aiming to build a “conservation-oriented society”(节约型社会).I think it is every citizen's duty to achieve this goal.As middle school students , what should we do?
We should fix our attention on details around ourselves.We should form the habit of saving water, especially when we brush our teeth and wash hands, and never leave water running unnecearily(不必要地).Meanwhile(同时), we should save electricity.When we leave clarooms or our homes, we should make sure that the lights, computers and so on have been turned off.Never leave the lights on in the daytime if unneceary.We should also save our every piece of paper as well as other writing materials.What's more, we should ask our relatives and friends as well as our parents to save energy.Dear fellow students, let's start right now,Wang Ming
From Shaanxi High School
7．中央号召创建节约型社会，可是许多校园内部浪费现象严重。请你在班会上发表演讲，号召同学们从我做起，改变不良习惯，杜绝浪费。
浪费现象 1.水、电 2.餐厅的食物 3.纸张、书本造成危害 1.浪费资源 2.形成坏习惯，不利于品德养成 3.浪费金钱，增加父母经济负担
措施(内容由考生自己添加)注意：1.词数100左右； 2.演讲的开头和结尾已写好，不记入总词数。参考范文：
May I have your attention, please? Now I'd like to make a speech here.Nowadays, some of us students have formed some bad habits on campus.For example, some students leave the lights on in the daytime, or let water running after washing.Some leave over much food on the table after eating.Besides, waste paper and spoiled books can be seen everywhere.So it is high time that we have to deal with the problems.As we all know, these bad habits will have a bad influence on our character and behavior(对我们的品质,品格,行为产生不良影响).What's worse, they can not only increase our cost at school and add financial burden to(给...增加经济负担)our parents, but also waste the limited resources(有限的资源).But how to reduce the waste? In my opinion, we should start with ourselves to save everything.Here, I'd like to remind my friends to take the lead in(带头)reducing the waste.Therefore, I'm sure, with everyone doing his bit, we will change the present situation.That's all.Thank you!8．你校正在开展“创建文明班级，共建和谐校园”活动，请根据下表内容，以“A Meaningful Activity”为题写一篇短文，向“China Daily”投稿，介绍有关情况。主题：“同陋习告别，与文明握手”
目的：根除乱扔、乱吐、留长发、吸烟、喝酒等现象；提倡穿校服、讲礼貌。内容：举办图片展，进行教室、宿舍美化评比等。
注意：1.词数：100左右 2.参考词汇：civilization（文明）harmonious（和谐的）参考范文：
A meaningful Activity
Our school has now started an activity called “Build Civilized Claes and a Harmonious Campus.” The topic is “ Get Rid of Bad Habits and Greet Civilization”.Bad habits do exist(的确存在).Some students throw rubbish everywhere or spit in public.Some wear long hair.Others are even smoking and drinking.All the students are asked to break away from these bad habits.It's better for the students to wear their school clothes and be polite to others.During the activity, we'll hold a picture show, a competition of claroom and bedroom decorations and so on.We all hope that we'll build each cla into a civilized one and our campus into a harmonious place.??
5.Our government is trying hard to build an energy-saving society.It is everybody’s duty to help reach this goal.However, not everybody has realized the importance of it.For example, sometimes lights and computers are still on after cla.Some students even forget to turn off the tap after using it and have water running all the time.Usually only one side of our paper is used, causing much waste.It’s time we did something to avoid this kind of waste.Firstly, make sure that all the lights and other electric facilities are turned off when we leave the rooms.Remember to turn off the tap immediately after using it.What’s more, paper should be printed or written on both sides.In a word, if everybody has the awarene of reducing waste and saving energy, we can contribute to our society.How to Survive an Earthquake
If earthquake happened, firstly, don't panic and calm down.Secondly, find some safe place to stay and don't run in such a hurry.If in the room, one should hide himself/herself under something hard, such as desk, table or even bed and keep away from shelf and cupboard, and never take a lift to go downstairs.If in the open air, find an open place and never get close to cars or waterside.Thirdly, we should help each other when we meet trouble.At last, no matter how strong the earthquake is, if only we have the belief to defeat it and never give up, we must be able to overcome any difficulties。
The earthquake in Yushu
An earthquake happened on April 14th in the Yushu county of Qinghai province.There are many people died in this earthquake.When we heard the news, we were all shocked and sad.But when I think of Wenchuan, I believe that people in Yushu are not alone, because we, all the Chinese, will be with them.We should try our best to help people in Yushu.I will take actions to help the people, such as donating money and things they need for them.And we should make friends with homele children and cheer them up.If poible, I want to be a volunteer in Yushu and help them build the new house!I hope that they can overcome the disaster and lead happy lives in their rebuilt home soon。
第2篇：英语写作句型
一）段首句
1.关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……
There are different opinions among people as to ____.Some people suggest that ____.2.俗话说（常言道）……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。
There is an old saying______.Its the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.3.现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……；其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life.First, ____ Second,____.What makes things worse is that______.4.现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外（而且）……。
Nowadays，it is common to ______.Many people like ______ because ______.Besides，______.5.任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。
Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.6.关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说）……，在他们看来，……
People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person.Some people say that ______.To them,_____.7.人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。
Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious.8.……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。
______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.9.……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。
______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.10.根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……，但是为什么呢？
According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______ while.Obviously，______，but why?
（二）中间段落句
1.相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。
On the contrary，there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time，they say____.2.但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。
But I dont think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example，____.Worst ofall，___.3.……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是……
______is neceary and important to our countrys development and construction.First，______.Whats more, _____.Most important of all,______.4.有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以……。
There are several measures for us to adopt.First, we can______ 5.面临……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……，另一方面，Confronted with______，we should take a series of effective measures to______.For one thing，______For another，______ 6.早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……，另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……。
It is high time that something was done about it.For example._____.In addition._____.All these measures will certainly______.7.为什么……？第一个原因是……；第二个原因是……；第三个原因是……。总的来说，……的主要原因是由于……
Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.The third is
______.For all this, the main cause of ______due to ______.8.然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，……也有它的不利的一面，象……。
However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also has its own
disadvantages, such as ______.9.尽管如此，我相信……更有利。
Nonethele, I believe that ______is more advantageous.10.完全同意……这种观点（陈述），主要理由如下：
I fully agree with the statement that ______ because
1.It must be pointed out that it is one of our basic State policies to control population growth while raising the quality of the population.2.It is(has been)estimated that the worlds population could reach 6 billion by the end of the century.3.It must be kept in mind that there is no secret of succe but hard work.4.It can be seen from this that there is no difficulty in the world we can overcome.5.As is known man is the product of labor.6.It is a common saying that man who has a settled purpose will surely succeed.7.It is clear that the enemy has no desire for peace.8.It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to work twenty hours each day.9.Its hard to say whether the plan is practicable.10.There is no doubt that others will help you if you have any difficulties.11.It seems certain that they have made a series of experiments.12.It is said that bats have been using radar for millions of years.13.To tell the truth, many mistakes we made could have been avoided.14.As we know, it was not until recently that the problem was solved.15.It must be admitted that you havent done what you promised to do.16.In my opinion, this computer is different from that one you saw.17.It is certain that we have a long way to go.18.All this shows that nothing can prevent us from reaching our aims.19.As far as we know, it took him more than a year to write the book.20.It has been proved that every substance, no matter what it is, is made up of atoms.21.It has been decided that we are going to build a railway whose base must be completed within his year.22.It is obvious(evident)that the succe of the innovation depends on our concerted efforts.23.To be frank, whether you like it or not, you have no other choice.24.It is natural that one may have trouble expreing complicated ideas in simple English.25.What is more important, the agreement they have negotiated is being carried out.26.We will be succeful as long as we persevere.27.Frankly speaking, what you call the truth may not apply to things happening here.28.It is true that we must redouble our efforts;otherwise we cannot catch up with the developed countries.29.I take it for granted that they will support this idea.30.In a certain sense, a succeful scientist is a person who is never satisfied with what he has achieved.31.The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it.32.There is no denying the fact that the new management method has greatly increased the production.33.There is no denying the fact that the new management method has greatly increased the production.34.Upon hearing the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he couldnt utter a word.35.As the saying goes, nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.36.Our goal must be attained.Our goal can unquestionably be attained.37.Noting can prevent us from realizing the four modernizations.38.Now in China, more and more families can afford to buy high-grade goods, such as washing machines, TV sets, video orders.39.No matter how difficult English may be, you should do your best to learn it.40.It can be said that without knowledge of science and technology, it is impoible to build socialist modernizations
英语写作中典型的病句实例逐一加以剖析．
一． 不一致（Disagreements）
所谓不一致不光指主谓不一致，它还包括了数的不一致 时态不一致及代词不一 致等． 例１． When one have money ,he can do what he want to.(人一旦有了钱，他就能想干什么就干什么．)剖析：one是单数第三人称，因而本句的have应改为has;同理，want应改为wants.本句是典型的主谓不一致．
改为： Once one has money ,he can do what he wants(to do)
二． 修饰语错位（Misplaced Modifiers）
英语与汉语不同，同一个修饰语置于句子不同的位置，句子的含义可能引起变化．对于这一点中国学生往往没有引起足够的重视，因而造成了不必要的误解．例１． I believe I can do it well and I will better know the world outside the campus.剖析：better位置不当，应置于句末．
三． 句子不完整（Sentence Fragments）
在口语中，交际双方可借助手势语气上下文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解．可是书面语就不同了，句子结构不完整会令意思表达不清，这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后，笔者又想加些补充说明时发生． 例１． There are many ways to know the society.For example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on.剖析：本句后半部分＂for example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on.”不是一个完整的句子，仅为一些不连贯的词语，不能独立成句．
改为：There are many ways to know society ,for example ,by TV ,radio ,and newspaper.四． 悬垂修饰语（Dangling Modifiers）
所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语与后面句子的逻辑关系混乱不清．例如：At the age of ten, my grandfather died.这句中＂at the age of ten＂只点出十岁时，但没有说明” 谁”十岁时．按一般推理不可能是my grandfather, 如果我们把这个悬垂修饰语改明确一点，全句就不那么费解了． 改为：
When I was ten, my grandfather died.例１． To do well in college, good grades are eential.剖析：句中不定式短语 “to do well in college” 的逻辑主语不清楚． 改为：
To do well in college, a student needs good grades.五． 词性误用(Misuse of Parts of Speech)“词性误用”常表现为：介词当动词用；形容词当副词用；名词当动词用等． 例１． None can negative the importance of money.剖析：negative 系形容词，误作动词。改为：
None can deny the importance of money.六． 指代不清(Ambiguous Reference of Pronouns)指代不清主要讲的是代词与被指代的人或物关系不清，或者先后所用的代词不一致。试看下面这一句： Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid.(玛丽和我姐姐很要好，因为她要她做她的伴娘。)读完上面这一句话，读者无法明确地判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚，谁将当伴娘。如果我们把易于引起误解的代词的所指对象加以明确，意思就一目了然了。这个句子可改为：
Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid.例1.And we can also know the society by serving it yourself.剖析：句中人称代词we 和反身代词yourself指代不一致。改为： We can also know society by serving it ourselves.七． 不间断句子(Run-on Sentences)什么叫run-on sentence?请看下面的例句。
例１． There are many ways we get to know the outside world.剖析：这个句子包含了两层完整的意思：“There are many ways.” 以及“We get to know the outside world.”。简单地把它们连在一起就不妥当了。改为：
There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world.或：
There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world
八． 措词毛病(Troubles in Diction)Diction 是指在特定的句子中如何适当地选用词语的问题，囿于教学时间紧迫，教师平时在这方面花的时间往往极其有限，影响了学生在写作中没有养成良好的推敲，斟酌的习惯。他们往往随心所欲，拿来就用。所以作文中用词不当的错误比比皆是。
例１． The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution.(农业方面化学物质使用的不断增加也造成了污染。)剖析：显然，考生把obstacles“障碍”，“障碍物”误作substance“物质”了。另外“the increasing use(不断增加的使用)” 应改为“abusive use(滥用)”。改为：
The abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leads to pollution.九． 累赘(Redundancy)言以简洁为贵。写句子没有一个多余的词；写段落没有一个无必要的句子。能用单词的不用词组；能用词组的不用从句或句子。如：
In spite of the fact that he is lazy, I like him.本句的“the fact that he is lazy”系同谓语从句，我们按照上述“能用词组的不用从句”可以改为：In spite of his lazine, I like him.例１． For the people who are diligent and kind, money is just the thing to be used to buy the thing they need.剖析：整个句子可以大大简化。
改为：
Diligent, caring people use money only to buy what they need.十． 不连贯(Incoherence)不连贯是指一个句子前言不对后语，或是结构上不畅通。这也是考生常犯的毛病。例１． The fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth.剖析：The fresh water 与逗号后的it 不连贯。It 与things 在数方面不一致。改为：
Fresh water is the most important thing in the world.十一． 综合性语言错误(Comprehensive Misusage)所谓“综合性语言错误”，是指除了上述十种错误以外，还有诸如时态，语态，标点符号，大小写等方面的错误。
例1．Today, Money to everybody is very importance, our’s eat, cloth, live, go etc
写作绝招一（如何写好开头和结尾）
一 开头万能公式：
1． 开头万能公式一：
名人名言有人问了，“我没有记住名言，怎么办？尤其是英语名言？”，很好办：编！原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理呦！而且没准将来我们就是名人呢！对吧？经典句型：A proverb says, “ You are only young once.”（适用于已记住的名言）It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.（适用于自编名言）更多经典句型：As everyone knows, No one can deny that…
2。开头万能公式二：
数字统计原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。原则上在议论文当中不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型：According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造： Honesty 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。Travel by Bike 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。Youth 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。更多句型：A recent statistics shows that …
二 结尾万能公式：
1． 结尾万能公式一：如此结论
说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大论，到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束语。也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：
Obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politene and respect for others.如果读者很难“显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了！更多过渡短语：
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus 更多句型：
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that…
几年的英语写作基础试卷在考查内容和试题类型上改动不大，保持了命题的连贯性。考查内容包括三大部分：句子的组成、段落的写作、应用文写作。题型有重写句子、改写病句、识别主题句、重新组合段落、识别与段落内容无关的句子、写信六种。本文将按题型顺序对二ＯＯＯ年试题的考核知识点与解题思路进行分析和探讨，同时，也将对考生答题中的典型错误作一剖析，希望能有益于准备参加今年考试的同学。
第一大题 重写句子（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
Rewrite each of the following sentences according to the requirement.一，考核知识点：考查loose sentence 与periodic sentence之间的转换。
●试题：
2.I felt like taking a walk after watching the sunset.(periodic sentence)
3.While they were waiting in line for the concert tickets, the rain stopped.(loose sentence)
●答案：
2.After watching the sunset, I felt like taking a walk.3.The rain stopped while they were waiting in line for the concert tickets.●解题关键：
（１）明确两种句型的特点：就语义结构而论，periodic sentence（掉尾句）中主要信息在后，次要信息在前，使句子的重心置于句尾，旨在造成悬念，引人入胜；而loose sentence（松散句）则正相反，将句义重心放在句首，使主要信息一目了然。就语法结构而言，periodic sentence（掉尾句）将句子成分中的修饰部分放在主要成分（一般为主谓结构）之前；而loose sentence（松散句）则反之。（２）第二题原句主要信息为 I felt like taking a walk，放在次要信息After watching the sunset之前，原句是loose sentence（松散句）,变换句型只要将主次信息换位即可。第三题原句的主要信息为the rain stopped，次要信息为while they were waiting in line for the concert tickets，原句是periodic sentence（掉尾句）,变换成loose sentence（松散句）,需主次信息换位。
二，考核知识点：考查将两个独立短句合并成一个simple sentence的能力。
●试题：
5.The letter is from my foreign friend.The letter arrived today.(simple sentence)
9.My roommate was waiting for me at the door.He had a book in his hand.(simple sentence)
●答案：
5.The letter from my foreign friend arrived today.9.My roommate with a book in his hand was waiting for me at the door.●解题关键：
（1）明确simple sentence（简单句）的构成：simple sentence（简单句）包含一个主语+谓语动词（S+V）的结构。
（2）将两个短句的共同主语作为合并后的simple sentence（简单句）的主语，并将其中包含主要信息的短句的谓语动词确立为simple sentence（简单句）的谓语动词，另一短句转化为修饰成分。
（3）第5题原句中第一个短句为次要信息，介词短语from my foreign friend可作为修饰成分。第9题原句中，第一个短句包含主要信息，其谓语动词was waiting可作为合并后的simple sentence（简单句）的谓语动词，第二个短句He had a book in his hand,可转化为with引导的介词短语结构，作修饰成分。
●考生典型答题错误分析
（错误）The letter which arrived today is from my foreign friend.（分析）错误有二：
一、未将原句中包含主要信息的短句的谓语动词arrived作为合并后的simple sentence（简单句）的谓语动词；
二、含有定语从句的句子不是simple sentence（简单句），而是complex sentence（复合句）。
（错误）The letter arrived today is from my foreign friend.（分析）这是一个病句，句中出现两个没有合适方式连接的谓语动词，根本不符合语法规则。
（错误）My roommate, who had a book in his hand, was waiting for me at the door.（分析）此句中who had a book in his hand是定语从句，而simple sentence（简单句）中不能含有从句。
三，考核知识点：考查独立短句与compound sentence之间的转换
●试题：
1.Jerry is a good student.He studies hard and grasps concepts well.(compound sentence)
6.We could take a taxi.We could walk to the restaurant.(compound sentence)
10.I needed butter to make the cookie better.I couldn’t find any.I used vegetable oil instead.(compound sentence)
●答案：
1.Jerry is a good student, for he studies hard and grasps concepts well.6.We could take a taxi or we could walk to the restaurant.10.I needed butter to make the cookie better, but I couldn’t find any, so I used vegetable oil instead.●解题关键：
（1）明确compound sentence（并列句）的特点：compound sentence（并列句）是由并列连词或特定的标点符号将意义相关、结构完整的两个或两个以上的simple sentence（简单句）连接起来构成的。（2）理顺独立短句间逻辑关系：是承递、转折、选择、还是因果？确定好后在并列连接词and, nor, but, yet, or, for, so之中选一个出来连接各分句。
（3）第1题中，两分句间的关系为前因后果，所以选择for引出解释原因的分句。第6题中，两分句为选择关系，可用or连接。第10题较为复杂，前两个分句是转折关系，可用but或yet连接；它们又与第三个分句形成前因后果的关系，所以选择so引出结果。
●考生典型答题错误分析
（错误）Jerry is a good student for he studies hard and grasps concepts well.（分析）用for引导表示原因的分句时，它前面一定要用comma（逗号）。
（错误）For Jerry is a good student, he studies hard and grasps concepts well.（分析）除了因果关系不妥外，for的位置也不正确。用for连接两个简单句时，前句表示结果或结论，后句说明产生前述结果的原因，所以for只能出现在后句中。
（错误）We could take a taxi or walk to the restaurant.（分析）此句仍是一个simple sentence（简单句）而不是compound sentence（并列句），compound sentence（并列句）必须包含两个或两个以上的simple sentence（简单句）
四，考核知识点：考查compound sentence与complex sentence之间的转换
●试题：
4.The tape recorder was not working right, so I returned it to the store.(complex sentence)
●答案：
4.Because the tape recorder was not working right, I returned it to the store.●解题关键：（1）了解complex sentence（复合句）的构成：complex sentence（复合句）包含一个主句及一个或多个从句。从句分为名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。
（2）第4题原句是compound sentence（并列句），两个分句为因果关系，要把compound sentence（并列句）重写成complex sentence（复合句）时，只需将第一个分句改为由从属连接词because引导的原因状语从句即可。
●考生典型答题错误分析
（错误）I returned the tape recorder to the store, for it was not working right.（分析）for虽然也可引导表示原因的分句，但它是并列连接词，用在compound sentence（并列句）中，这点与because、as、since等引导原因状语从句的从属连接词不同。
五，考核知识点：考查对compound-complex sentence的掌握和运用。
●试题：
7.If you want me to clean your windows, please give me a week’s notice.I am very busy this month.(compound-complex sentence)
●答案：
7.If you want me to clean your windows, please give me a week’s notice, for I am very busy this month.●解题关键：
（1）了解compound-complex sentence（并列复合句）的构成：顾名思义，compound-complex sentence（并列复合句）是由复合句并列而形成的。具体地说，compound-complex sentence（并列复合句）可以是一个简单句与一个主从复合句用并列连接词连接起来的，也可以是两个主从复合句的并列。
（2）第7题原句中的第一个句子是含有条件状语从句的主从复合句，第一句与第二句是前因后果的关系，将两句话用并列连接词for连接起来，即可合并为一个compound-complex sentence（并列复合句）。
●考生典型答题错误分析（错误）Please give me a week’s notice if you want me to clean your windows, because I am very busy this month.（分析）此句仍是complex sentence（复合句），因为because为从属连接词。在表示原因的连接词中，只有for是并列连接词，用于连接两个具有并列关系的分句。阅卷中发现，相当多的考生没有掌握好连接词for的用法。
六，考核知识点：考查对parallel structure概念的掌握和运用
●试题：
8.Minnie bought a ticket to the play.She went out for dinner.She arrived at the theater by 8:00.(parallel structure)
●答案：
8.Minnie bought a ticket to the play, went out for dinner, and arrived at the theater by 8:00.●解题关键：
（1）明确parallel structure（平行结构）的特点：parallel structure（平行结构）是把两个或两个以上意思并列的成分用同等的语法形式表示出来。平行的结构可以是单词、词组、从句，也可以是句子。
（2）第8题原有的三个短句中，主语均为Minnie，谓语动词bought、went out、及arrived是意思并列的成分，可以成为平行结构。
●考生典型答题错误分析
（错误）Minnie bought a ticket to the play, arrived at the theater by 8:00,and went out for dinner.（分析）Minnie买票、外出吃饭、到达剧院是按照时间顺序先后发生的，次序不能随意更改。
（错误）Minnie bought a ticket to the play, went out for dinner, then arrived at the theater by 8:00.（分析）then不是并列连接词，不能取代and。
上一讲，我们对第一种题型“重写句子”的考核知识点与解题思路进行了分析和探讨，并对考生答题中的典型错误作了剖析。本讲我们将研究第二种题型“改写病句”，病句中的一些语病在中国学生的英文写作中十分常见，值得认真推敲
语写作基础考试题型：《英语写作基础自学考试大纲》的规定“本课程试卷采用的题型主要包括：判断题、改错题、改写题、概要写作、应用文写作等”。判断题、改错题、改写题等主要考核应考生对句子(The Sentence)和段落(The Paragraph)基本知识点如改写句子包括改写掉尾句(periodic sentence)、平行结构(parallel structure)等和判断主题句(topic sentence)等掌握情况；例如：
Ⅰ.Revise the following sentences according to the requirement 1.The plan began to shake noticeably as soon as it lifted off the runway.(periodic sentence)2.James Joyce's Ulyes,a long and complicated novel and which is on our reading list,has been banned by the school board.(parallel structure)Ⅱ.Read the following paragraph carefully and select the best topic sentence from the four poible answers that follow the paragraph.Topic sentence:
.Actually,this idea is far from the truth.The Aborigines have been able to survive for centuries in the harsh environment of the desert because their minds are highly trained in the knowledge of food sources.Since they have no means of storing food,their entire attention must be directed toward their daily search for food.From the youngest child to the oldest member of the tribe,food gathering is the top priority.The Aborigines poe a profound understanding of the life around them.a.In the earliest years,children are taught when foods ripen,where foods are to be found,when animals sleep for months and produce,and where water is likely to be found.b.The Aboriginse'in－depth knowledge of the environment around them.c.The interior of Australia is arid and inhospitable to human beings.d.Many observers have mistakenly thought that the aborigines,with so few tools.must have a lower intelligence than other races.概要写作和应用文写作则不仅要求应考生掌握写概要的基本要领及应用文写作的技巧，同时要求他们将写句子和段落的技巧融合在应用文写作之中，最终写出格式正确、用词得当、表达得体的应用文来。概要(Precis)写作主要是先给出一篇文章，然后给出写概要的指令，如“Read the following paage and write a precis in one paragraph of about 100words.Try to write in your own words as far as poible.”应用文(Practical Writing)写作由三部分组成：便条(Note)、信函(Letter)和个人简历(Resume)。它们写作的形式必须根据要求写出或是某种便条，或是某种信函，或是个人简历。如下面是一则未能赴约而表示歉意的便条写作指令：Write a note of apology about 70－100 words to your friends according to the situation described: You have made an appointment with your friends to have lunch together.But for some reasons you cannot keep the appointment.Please state your reasons and expre your regret for breaking the appointment.You could also expre your hope for the gathering.再如：下面是一则打算上大学继续深造的申请信写作指令：You are planning to further your studies in a college or university.Write an application to that institution.In your letter,provide the neceary information about yourself,tell them your want to study math and find out about the poibility of receiving financial support.(150－200)从上述的几种题型中，尤其是后三种，我们可以发现，无论是概要、便条还是信函等写作都是一种根据所提供信息的短文写作把这些已知信息写成一篇具有连贯性的概要、便条、信函或个人简历。换言之，就是考核应考生的基本写作能
第3篇：写作句型英语作文
写作句型英语作文
在我们平凡的日常里，大家总免不了要接触或使用作文吧，写作文可以锻炼我们的独处习惯，让自己的心静下来，思考自己未来的方向。那么一般作文是怎么写的呢？以下是小编整理的这70个万能写作句型，轻松写出20+高分英语作文，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
写作句型英语作文 篇1
一.开头句型
1. As far as...is concerned就……而言
2. It goes without saying that...不言而喻，......
3. It can be said with certainty that...可以肯定地说......
4. As the proverb says，正如谚语所说的，
5. It has to be noticed that...必须注意到，..
第4篇：英语写作万能句型
环境问题：今天环境变得越来越糟糕环境问题影响着人们的工作学习生活等而我们的工作生活生产等又使环境污染越来越严重..........如何保护我们的环境?请以“ How to protect/save our environment/world? ”为题写一篇短文。提示:存在问题:1.水污染越来越严重 2.砍伐森林严重 3.大气污染严重 4.白色垃圾 等 要求 : 如何改善/保护环境?至少:3---4个方面，80字左右的。范文： How to protect/save our environment/world?
The environmental pollution is worse and worse /more and more seriously today.Water is pollute
第5篇：英语写作经典句型
英语写作经典句型
（一）张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。
Mr.Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever met.… the most + 形容词 + 名词 +(that)+ 主词 + have ever + seen(known/ heard/ had/英语写作经典句型
（二）Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。
Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V
Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V
Nothing is + 形容词比较级 + than to + do sth.英语写作经典句型
（三）例句：
我们再
第6篇：英语写作句型汇总
英语写作句型汇总
一、主语+不及物动词(S+Vi)。如：
The teacher left. 老师离开了。
All the children laughed. 所有的孩子都笑了。
二、主语+及物动词+宾语(S+Vt+O)。如：
Everyone likes him. 大家都喜欢他。
We study English and French. 我们学习英语和法语。
三、主语+(双宾)动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+Vt+Oi+Od)。如：
He told us a story. 他给我们讲了个故事。
He showed me his new radio. 他给我看他的新收音机。
四、主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P)。如：
She is Peters sister. 她是彼得的妹妹。
That dog looks dang
第7篇：英语写作常用句型
什么样的作文才是优秀作文呢？高分段的作文和低分段的作文到底区别在哪里呢？根据全国大学英语四、六级考试写作部分的阅卷精神，要判为高分（14分）的作文，除满足切题、表达思想清楚、文字通顺、基本上无语言错误等要求外，还必须有“闪光点”。所谓的“闪光点”是指文中的某些句子漂亮、地道，能体现考生较高的驾驭语言的能力。由于现阶段我国以培养学生能力为主的语言教学尚处于起步阶段，外语学习环境还有待改善，因此，要在短期提高学生的写作能力必须有一定的技巧。本章所编写的英语写作常用句型是给学生输入大量惯用的经典、地道的英语句子，供学生模仿和学用。众所周知，语言学习的过程本身就是一个模仿的过程这里所罗列的几百个句型包括了大学英语和研究生英语入学考试题型和文体。考生在熟悉这些句型后，考试时就能信手拈来，为己所用，写出有
第8篇：英语写作常用句型
补充：英语写作常用句型：
句子写的好坏，是文章写作成败的关键。以下一些惯用句型，实用性较强。
一。开头句型：
1． As far as…is concerned,… 就……而论
When it comes to sth/doing sth.当谈论到……
1)As far as the role of information in the future is concerned, I believe that information will
play a more and more important part in people’s decision-making.2)As far as what was mentioned above is concerned, how can we ignore t
第9篇：英语写作常用句型
英语写作常用句型（锦集7篇）由网友 “本特利本町土狗” 投稿提供，下面是小编为大家推荐的英语写作常用句型，欢迎阅读，希望大家能够喜欢。
篇1：英语写作句型
英语写作实用句型
Help oneself to...
Help yourself to some fish. 吃鱼吧!
used to do
I used to read this kind of story books. 我过去常读这种故事书。
borrow ... from
I borrowed a Qisu English book from him. 我从他那借了一本奇速英语书。
lend sb. sth. / lend sth. to sb.
He lent me a story book / He lent a story book to me. 他
