第1篇：吐鲁番坎儿井导游词
吐鲁番坎儿井导游词
新疆吐鲁番坎儿井也许和多人不知道这个地方。下面是由小编收集的吐鲁番坎儿井导游词，欢迎鉴赏。希望对大家有所帮助 ！
来到吐鲁番，人们不禁会问：素有“火洲”、“风库”之称，气候极端干燥的地方，怎么会出现大片的绿洲?其中有什么奥秘呢?奥秘就是分布在新疆大地上的坎儿井群，它犹如人体的血脉，延展到茫茫戈壁，灌溉了新疆的大片土地。奇妙的坎儿 井，又在吐鲁番分布最广，成为生命之泉，常绿之源，浇灌着吐鲁番滴翠的葡萄和甘甜的瓜。下面就让我们一起去参观这一举世闻名的灌溉工程。
坎儿井的结构→坎儿井的建造方法
游客们，现在我们来到了坎儿井乐园，首先请跟我前往坎儿井博物馆去了解一下坎儿井的建造情况。
坎儿井是生活在新疆的各族劳动人民根据本地气候、水文特点创造出来的一种地下引水工程，新疆大约有坎儿井1600条，其中以吐鲁番最多最集中，据统计，吐鲁番的坎儿井 共有1158条，总长约5000公里，相当于从乌鲁木齐到哈尔滨的里程。坎儿井堪称中国古代最伟大的地下水利工程之一，被地理学界的专家称为“地下运河”，并与长城、京杭大运河合称为我国古代三大工程。
对于坎儿井您可能早有所闻，不过对它的结构也许不很清楚，现在我就向大家介绍一下。坎儿井古称“井渠”，坎儿也就是“井穴”的意思，由立井(竖井)、暗渠(地下渠道)、明渠(地表渠道)和涝坝(蓄水池)四部分组成。
坎儿井之所以能在吐鲁番大量修建，是与这里的自然条件分不开的。首先吐鲁番盆地地势很低，低于海平面以下的面积就有2085平方公里，而且吐鲁番四面环山，每年高山上的.积雪大量融化后流入山谷。当雪水流经戈壁时便渗入地下形成潜流，这就给坎儿井提供了丰富的水源。
那坎儿井又是怎样建成的呢?请看：坎儿井的建造方法是在高山峡谷地带的雪水潜流处，寻找到水源，然后每隔20米至30米打一眼竖井，井深十米至几十米不等，将地下水汇聚，以增大水势，再依地势高下，在井底凿通暗渠，沟通各井，引流直下，一直连接到遥远的绿洲，才将水由明渠引出地面，加以灌溉。涝坝则是一个调节水量的蓄水池。一条坎儿井，一般长约3公里，最长者往往是几条坎儿井相连达几十甚至上百公里，其间竖井少则几十口，多则三百余口。上游的竖井较深，个别可达100米上下，下游的较浅，一般仅数米。坎儿井的作用是避免水分蒸发，这项工程实属适应干燥气候特点的一种伟大创举。尤其让人称道的是，当地人民全凭双手和简单的工具，凿打深井，掏挖地下渠，其工程之浩大，构造之巧妙，让人叹为观止。
我想请大家回忆一下，当我们乘车临近吐鲁番市时，就在那郁郁葱葱的绿洲的外围戈壁上，可以看见顺坡而下的一堆一堆的圆土包，有序地伸向绿洲。那些就是坎儿井的竖井口。假如大家从高空俯视，那些土堆宛如珍珠串结的项链，装点着吐鲁番这个古老却仍青春焕发的地方。
坎儿井的建造原因→坎儿井的起源
各位游客，下面我们再来谈谈坎儿井的建造原因。由于新疆地区干旱少雨，蒸发量大，而坎儿井是地下暗渠输水，蒸发量小而流量稳定，可以常年自流灌溉，加上这里的土属钙质黏土，挖好的坎儿井很坚固，不易倒塌。高山上雪水温度很低，若直接灌溉对农作物生长不利，而吐鲁番地表温度很高，雪水流经坎儿井后温度自然上升，很适合浇灌农作物。因此，新疆各族人民在长期与干旱的斗争中，发明了这种凿井灌田的方法。一道坎儿井就是一眼不枯的清泉，道道坎儿井，构成了火洲的生命线和命脉，使新疆这个降雨稀少的地方有了水源的积聚，从而成为新疆人民生活中不可缺少的生命之泉。 但我想告诉大家的是，坎儿井在地球上的分布是与沟通东西方文化的丝绸之路联系在一起的。比如在巴基斯坦、伊朗及里海沿岸，人们都发现了坎儿井。所以我们说坎儿井是世界文化遗产中的一颗明珠，是毫不过分的。直到今天，坎儿井还在为新疆吐鲁番的农业发展起着举足轻重的作用。
坎儿井明渠→坎儿井暗渠
参观完坎儿井博物馆，走出馆外，可见道旁明澈的清泉，这便是坎儿井明渠中流淌出的雪山纯水，它晶莹碧透，倘若您伸手触及，便会感到凉意阵阵，真是“晶晶亮，透心凉”。
坎儿井的暗渠要从洞中进入方可看到，只见渠水汩汩流 淌，让人感到无比欣喜。这样的井渠在整个新疆大地有上千个之多，其地下河道总长度加起来比万里长城还要长一倍，也远远超过了京杭大运河，成为“地下运河”。
游客们，今天的坎儿井，不仅是重要的水利设施，更是中外游客乐于观赏的一大人文景观。尤其是坎儿井乐园内的一台充满新疆维吾尔族浓郁风情的民族歌舞表演，会使您心神荡漾。那明快的节奏，轻盈的旋律，热烈奔放的情绪，使您在欣赏之余，会情不自禁地加入他们的行列，学着维吾尔姑娘和小伙子的模样边唱边跳，感受这歌舞之乡的纯真乐趣。
各位游客，坎儿井乐园内那咳亮悠扬的歌声已经唱响，下面就请大家赶快前去欣赏吧！
第2篇：吐鲁番坎儿井导游词
吐鲁番坎儿井导游词[英文] Turpan Karez English guides words Members tourists :
To Turpan, people can not help asking : who is known as “Fire Island,” “the wind, known as” climate of extreme dry place, how there will be a large oasis? What is the secret of these? Mystery is the distribution of land in the Xinjiang Karez group, It is like the human body's blood veels, part of the vast Gobi Desert, irrigation of vast tracts of land in Xinjiang.The wonders of the bank wells in Turpan most widely distributed as Drop of Life, evergreen source creating a lounge Turpan grapes and sweet melons.Now let us visit the world-famous irrigation.Karez structure → Karez construction methods
Visitors, we went to the desert paradise I begin with the museum to Karez to understand the construction of Karez.Karez were living in Xinjiang working people of all nationalities, under the local climate, hydrological characteristics of a creation of a clandestine diversion project, some Karez 1600, Turpan up with the most concentrated, according to statistics, a total of Turpan of Karez 1158, a total length of 5,000 km, the distance from Urumqi to Harbin milestone.Ancient Chinese Karez his greatest one of the underground water, the geographic academic experts as the “underground canal” with the Great Wall and Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in ancient China known as a three projects.For Kaner Well you probably heard, but its structure may not be very clear.Now I would like to tell you about.Karez in ancient times known as “drainage wells”, the bank is “well Point,” and by the shaft(shaft), culverts(underground channels), nullah(surface channels)and logging dam(reservoir)four components.Karez has been able to build a large number of Turpan, with the natural conditions here inseparable.First Turpan Basin lying low, below sea level below 2,085 square kilometers area alone, Surrounded by mountains and Turpan, the annual mountain snow melts after the inflow of large valley.When the snow running through the desert to seep into the ground when it formed the undercurrent, which Karez to provide a rich source of water.Karez then what is built? Take a look : Karez construction method is in the mountains, the snow valley undercurrent, finding water, Then every 20 meters to 30 meters to fight a shaft, the depth ranging from 10 meters to tens of meters of underground water pool to increase water potential, again according to the terrain heights, in the bottom of the well was completed culvert, the communication between wells, drainage Pavilion, has been connected to the remote oasis only water channel leads from the ground to be irrigated.A Karez, general about three kilometers, the longest of several Karez often linked to dozens or even hundreds of kilometers.During shaft mouth ranged from dozens to more than more than 300 mouth.The upper shaft deeper, individual up to 100 meters from top to bottom, the junior downstream, usually a few meters.Karez role is to avoid evaporation, the project is adapted to a dry climate characteristics of a great creation.Particularly praiseworthy is that the local people relying on their hands and simple tools, the hammer hits the Sham Tseng, EXCAVATED subsurface drainage, the mammoth projects, Structure clever and people alike.I would like to ask you recall, when we travel near the Turpan City, It was then green and luxuriant oasis on the fringe of the Gobi, you can see the site of the pile and the pile of soil round package, and orderly manner toward the oasis.Karez which is the shaft mouth.If you a bird's-eye view, those objects like a pearl necklace string Guitar, Turpan bedecked with the oldest still youthful glow place.吐鲁番坎儿井导游词[英文] Turpan Karez English guides words(2)
Karez reasons for the construction of the origin → Karez
Members tourists Now let us talk about the reasons for the construction of Karez.As Xinjiang region to suffer from drought, evaporation, and Karez underground culvert, water evaporation and the small amount of flow stability be perennial gravity irrigation and the soil here is a calcareous clay, dug Karez very strong, not collapse.Mountain snow temperature is very low, if irrigation directly adverse to the growth of crops, and high surface temperature Turpan, After running through the snow desert temperature will increase, which is perfect for watering crops.Therefore, the people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang, with the long-term drought, the struggle of this invention Well Irrigation methods.A Karez is not a dry springs, a naturally Karez, constitutes the lifeblood of Fire Island and lifeline Xinjiang to make the scarcity of rainfall with water accumulation, so people living in Xinjiang as an indispensable Spring of Life.Turpan Karez on the origin have always been three versions : one is the Chinese Han Guan said drainage wells.In this view the Han Dynasty when it was invented by the “drainage wells” into Xinjiang, as is now the Karez.The second argument is with the Lin Zexu.Lin Zexu, the late Qing Dynasty was banished Xinjiang, in 1845 after Turpan, aware of local hot dry.So there is a careful investigation of water lying to guide their people in Xinjiang under the physiographic features, This invention Well Irrigation methods.A third view is Karez 2,500 years ago from West Asia before the first Persian transmiion Xinjiang.Of course, these three points have yet to be verified.But I want to tell you is that Karez on Earth is the distribution and communication-cultural Silk Road linked.For example, in Pakistan, Iran and the Caspian Sea coast, people found Karez.So we said Karez is the world's cultural heritage of a pearl, is not exceive.Even today, also in Xinjiang Karez Turpan agricultural development plays a pivotal role.Karez channel → Karez culverts
Karez visiting museums, the Museum is out, we can see Road to plain Qingquan, This is Karez channel which flows from the snow-capped mountains of pure water, clean and Translucent, if your hand touches, it will be cooler blowing and really “arts, through gloating over.”
Karez culvert from the cave to be seen, I saw foul the water flow on them, the people are extremely pleased.This drainage wells in the whole Xinjiang land as many as 1,000.its underground rivers combined total length of the Great Wall longer than doubled, far exceeding the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, as “underground canal.”
Tourists, the desert is not only important water conservancy facilities, Chinese and foreign tourists are happy to watch a big cultural landscape.Karez especially within the park filled with a rich Xinjiang Uygur ethnic love for the music and dance, would you mind rippling.That crisper rhythm, a lithe and graceful melodies, warm and lively emotions, so that you appreciate apart will be moved to join their ranks and to learn Uygur girl and boy image, singing and dancing, That feeling of dancing village pure fun.Members tourists Karez Paradise within that cough-melodious songs have chorus, the following please go quickly we appreciate it!
第3篇：吐鲁番坎儿井导游词
吐鲁番坎儿井导游词
作为一位兢兢业业的旅游从业人员，通常需要准备好一份导游词，一篇完整的导游词，其结构一般包括习惯用语、概括介绍、重点讲解三个部分。如何把导游词做到重点突出呢？下面是小编为大家整理的吐鲁番坎儿井导游词，希望能够帮助到大家。
各位游客：
来到吐鲁番，人们不禁会问：素有火洲、风库之称，气候极端干燥的地方，怎么会出现大片的绿洲?其中有什么奥秘呢?奥秘就是分布在新疆大地上的坎儿井群，它犹如人体的血脉，延展到茫茫戈壁，灌溉了新疆的大片土地。奇妙的坎儿井，又在吐鲁番分布最广，成为生命之泉，常绿之源，浇灌着吐鲁番滴翠的葡萄和甘甜的瓜。下面就让我们一起去参观这一举世闻名的灌溉工程。
坎儿井的结构坎儿井的建造方法
游客们，现在我们来到了坎儿井乐园，首先请跟我前往坎儿井博物馆去了解一下坎儿井的建造情况。
坎儿
