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Good morning, everyone!I'm glad to have the chance to make a speech.You should have heard those super heroes more or le, they always can't be defeated easily because of their super powers, strength and defensive ability far beyond ordinary people's.Today I want to introduce a kind of bacteria with those super powers which called super bacteria.However, the difference between super bacteria and super heroes is that bacteria don't save the world and life but bring terrible threats.In the next, let us approach the super bacteria through two questions.First question, what are the super bacteria? Firstly, let me introduce two concepts, bacteria and antibiotics.Bacteria are among the oldest living things on this planet which we can't see or feel.The smallest thing we still consider life, they are masters of survival and can be found everywhere.Most bacteria are harmle to us, but others can invade your body, spread quickly, and kill you.And then, what weapon do we use to fight infection causing by harmful bacteria? The answer is antibiotics.Bacteria in addition to eating, sleeping, and copy-splitting every day, they also have to complete ground and food with other bacteria.As the saying goes, even Kungfu fighters fear blades.In order to beat each other, the bacteria prepared themselves with powerful superweapons, which are antibiotics.And smart humans have taken these antibiotics as their own weapons to treat bacterial infections.Although people have antibiotics as superweapons, there are still some bacteria, say that I'm the chosen one loudly and escape.Those bacteria called Super bacteria that have grown resistant to most antibiotics.In fact, they might just have evolved a way to protect themselves.For example, by intercepting the antibiotic and changing the molecule so it becomes harmle.Second question, why the super bugs can get the ability to resistance antibiotics? Just like Spider-Man and Hulk became superpowered by genetic mutations, so did they.The conditions that cause Hulk to mutate are gamma rays, but that cause bacteria to mutate are the common weapons, antibiotics.Are antibiotics not killing bacteria? Of course.However, there is a fish that has slipped through the net all the time.When doctors give us the antibiotics for fighting an infection caused by bacteria, the antibiotics usually fail to eradicate the bacteria.If they escape, they might spread their resistance.First of all, bacteria have two kinds of DNA: the chromosome and small
free-floating parts called plasmids.They can hug each other and exchange those plasmids to exchange useful abilities.This way, immunity can be spread quickly
through a population.This even works between different bacteria species and can lead to superbugs, bacteria that immune to multiple antibiotics.And there is a terrible fact that penicillin, the first antibiotic, was found in 1928, Super bacteria be reported in 2016.In other words, most antibiotic as superweapons won't work anymore in le than a hundred years.How could this happen? Today we treat this powerful medicine as a commodity, and the antibiotics are
prescribed too freely and taken without care.Antibiotics should be last-resort medicine not something that you take because your cold is annoying.Another serious problem is antibiotic use in meat production.To make meat cheaper, many animals are held in horrible conditions, in very tight spaces, and in unhygienic conditions, the per fact breeding ground for disease.So many animals are given antibiotics to kill as many
bacteria as poible and prevent them from getting sick, unsurprisingly, as a result of this system, we have created more and more bacteria.Resistant bacteria developed, spreading first from animal, and then to humans without being noticed.In the face of super bacteria, humans seem to have only been whipped.Just like this(Iron Man was beaten by the Hulk).Still, we don't need to panic just yet.Scientists are trying hard to seek methods from other angles.For example, some scientists are studying bacteriophages, a virus which eats bacteria, and some scientists are trying to stop the communication between cells so that these bacteria can't gather together to make trouble.There is still a long way to go against super bacteria.If humanity play cards right, super bacteria might not be so horrible.
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