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For almost two hundred years, the White House has stood as a symbol of the Presidency, the United States government, and the American people.Its history, and the history of the nation's capital, began when President George Washington signed an Act of Congre in December of 1790 declaring that the federal government would reside in a district “not exceeding ten miles square„„on the river Potomac.” President Washington, together with city planner Pierre L'Enfant, chose the site for the new residence, which is now 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue.As preparations began for the new federal city, a competition was held to find a builder of the “President's House.” Nine proposals were submitted, and Irish-born architect James Hoban won a gold medal for his practical and handsome design.Construction began when the first cornerstone was laid in October of 1792.Although President Washington oversaw the construction of the house, he never lived in it.It was not until 1800, when the White House was nearly completed, that its first residents, President John Adams and his wife, Abigail, moved in.Since that time, each President has made his own changes and additions.The White House is, nt's private home.It is also the only private residence of a head of state that is open to the public, free of charge.The White House has a unique and fascinating history.It survived a fire at the hands of the British in 1814(during the war of 1812)and another fire in the West Wing in 1929, while Herbert Hoover was President.Throughout much of Harry S.Truman's presidency, the interior of the house, with the exception of the third floor, was completely gutted and renovated while the Trumans lived at Blair House, right acro Pennsylvania Avenue.Nonethele, the exterior stone walls are those first put in place when the White House was constructed two centuries ago.Presidents can expre their individual style in how they decorate some parts of the house and in how they receive the public during their stay.Thomas Jefferson held the first Inaugural open house in 1805.Many of those who attended the swearing-in ceremony at the U.S.Capitol simply followed him home, where he greeted them in the Blue Room.President Jefferson also opened the house for public tours, and it has remained open, except during wartime, ever since.In addition, he welcomed visitors to annual receptions on New Year’s Day and on the Fourth of July.In 1829, a horde of 20,000 Inaugural callers forced President Andrew Jackson to flee to the safety of a hotel while, on the lawn, aides filled washtubs with orange juice and whiskey to lure the mob out of the mud-tracked White House.After Abraham Lincoln's presidency, Inaugural crowds became far too large for the White House to accommodate them comfortably.However, not until Grover Cleveland's first presidency did this unsafe practice change.He held a presidential review of the troops from a flag-draped grandstand built in front of the White House.This proceion evolved into the official Inaugural parade we know today.Receptions on New Year's Day and the Fourth of July continued to be held until the early 1930s.President Clinton's open house on January 21, 1993 renewed a venerable White House Inaugural tradition.Two thousand citizens, selected by lottery, were greeted in the Diplomatic Reception Room by President and Mrs.Clinton and Vice President and Mrs.Gore.2006-2007年，美国建筑师协会评选出来了美国民众最喜欢的建筑。评选方法是会员建筑师和民众投票相结合。在前150名中，纽约市独占32个，华盛顿有17个。在前十名中，华盛顿有六个。
1.Empire State Building 帝国大厦，纽约
建筑师：William F.Lamb
建筑风格：装饰艺术
官方网站：http://www.daodoc.com/
地址：3101 Wisconsin Ave., N.W.Washington, D.C.20016? ?
地铁Red Line到Tenleytown/AU station下，换公共汽车31, 32, 36, or 37到Woodley Avenue下
门票：$5
开放时间：周一到周五：10 am–5:30 pm，周六：10 am–4:30 pm, 周日8 am–5 pm
4.Thomas Jefferson Memorial杰佛逊纪念堂，华盛顿
建筑师：John Ruell Pope
建筑风格：新古典主义
官方网址：http://www.daodoc.com/
公交: Muni Bus28路到Golden Gate Bridge下
门票：免费
金门大桥是旧金山的地标，也是全世界跨度最大的单跨悬索桥之意。他的两个桥塔高于水面227米，是世界上最高的桥塔。在把金门大桥和国内的大桥 比的时候请不要忘了，金门大桥建于上世纪30年代。金门大桥的颜色是国际橘色，不但在海峡常见的大雾中显得格外醒目，和周围的环境也非常的协调。在加州的 蓝天和海湾的蓝色海水印衬下很有美感。建议在桥上走一走，体验一下2700多米的桥有多长。不过不要跳下去。事实上金门大桥是自杀的热门地点，至今已经有 1300多人从桥上跳下丧命。
6.United States Capitol Building美国国会山，华盛顿
建筑师：William Thornton
建筑风格：新古典主义
官方网站：http://tours.visitthecapitol.gov/(提前预定参观券)
地铁红线到Judiciary Square下向南走，或者是地铁蓝，橙线到Federal Center SW下向北走
开放时间：周一到周六，8:30AM-4:30PM，必须提前预约。感恩节(十一月的第四个星期四)和圣诞节不开放。
门票：免费
国会是美国最高立法机构所在地，是美国的参众两会议员制定法律的地方，这个新古典主义的建筑拥有550间房间，从1792年开始，历尽了200 多年的设计，建设，扩建和改建。国会大楼中间的是有一个半圆穹顶的圆形建筑大厅，顶部是一个象征自由的雕像。北翼是参议院所在地，南翼是众议院所在 地，Tour的导游会一一热情地向参观者介绍。导游那句 “Come in, this is our Capital”的开场白让人消除了不少拘禁感。导游还会介绍国会大楼内的诸多美国各个时期的绘画和雕塑。国会山的地下还有一个不对外开放的地铁系统，连 接国会山的建筑和周边地区的国会办公地点。
7.Lincoln Memorial 林肯纪念堂，华盛顿
建筑师：Henry Bacon
建筑风格：希腊复兴
官方网址：http://www.daodoc.com/
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德国著名建筑柏林市1.德国国会大厦：柏林市，保罗·瓦洛特设计，复建诺尔曼·福斯特设计，（中心为国会议事厅，大厅四周是玻璃墙，屋顶是半球型玻璃天窗。）距法兰克福551 公里,5 小时 7 分......
