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1、中国意念词(Chinesenees)
八卦 trigram
阴、阳 yin, yang
道 Dao(cf.logo)
江湖(世界)the jianghu World(the traits’ world)
e.g.You can’t control everything in a traits’ world.(人在江湖,身不由己)
道 Daoism(Taoism)
上火 exceive internal heat
儒学 Confucianism
红学(《红楼梦》研究)redology
世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia
开放 kaifang(Chinese openne to the outside world)
大锅饭 getting an equal share regardle of the work done
伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded
不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on …
合乎国情,顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people
乱摊派,乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge
铁交椅 iron(lifetime)post’s;guaranteed leading post
脱贫 to shake off poverty;anti-poverty
治则兴,乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline
2、中华民族的喜庆节日(Chinese Festivial)
国庆节 National Day
中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day/Festival
春节 Spring Festival
元宵节 Lantern Festival
儿童节 Children’s Day
端午节 Dragon Boat Festival
妇女节 Women’s Day
泼水节 Water-Splashing Day
教师节 Teachers’ Day
五四青年节 Youth Day3、中国独特的传统饮食(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)
馄饨 wonton
锅贴 guotie(fried jiaozi)
花卷 steamed twisted rolls
套餐 set meal
盒饭 box lunch;Chinese take-away
米豆腐 rice tofu
魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu
米粉 rice noodles
冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws(or apples,etc.)
火锅 chafing dish
八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding
粉丝 gla noodles
豆腐脑 jellied bean curd
4、中国新兴事物(Newly Sprouted Things)
中国 电信 China Telecom
中国 移动 China Mobile
十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan
中国电脑联网 Chinanet
三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project
希望工程 Project Hope
京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway
扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project
菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project
温饱工程 Decent-Life Project
安居工程 Economy Housing Project
扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign
西部大开发 Go-West Campaign 5、特有的一些汉语词汇
禅宗 Zen Buddhism
禅 dhyana;dhgaya
混沌 chaos
道 Daosim, the way and its power
四谛 Four Noble Truth
八正道 Eightfold Path
无常 anity
五行说 Theory of Five Elements
无我 anatman
坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation
空 sunyata
虚无 nothingne
双喜 double happine(中),a doubled stroke of luck(英)
小品 witty skits
相声 cro-talk
噱头;掉包袱 gimmick, stunt
夜猫子 night people;night-owls
本命年 this animal year of sb.处世之道 philosophy of life
姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage)
还愿 redeem a wish(vows)6、具有文化特色的现代表述
大陆中国 Mainland China
红宝书 little red book
红色中国 socialist China
四化 Four Modernizations
终生职业 job-for-life
铁饭碗 iron rice bowl
大锅饭 communal pot
关系户 closely-related units
外出打工人员 migrant workers
关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild
五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德):the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals
四美(心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美): the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment 7、中国古代独特事物(Unique Ancient Chinese Items)
宣纸 rice paper
衙门 yamen
叩头 kowtow
孔子Confucius
牌楼 pailou;pai-loo
武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)
功夫 kungfu ;kung fu
中庸 the way of medium(cf.Golden Means)
中和 harmony(zhonghe)
孝顺 to show filial obedience
孝子 dutiful son
家长 family head
三纲:君为臣纲,父为子纲,夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife
五常:仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence(humanity), righteousne, propriety, wisdom and fidelity
八股文 eight-legged eays
多子多福:The more sons/children, the more bleing/ great happine
养儿防老:raising sons to support one in one’s old age8、近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译
基层监督 gra-roots supervision
基础税率 base tariff level
婚介所 matrimonial agency
婚外恋 extramarital love
婚纱摄影 bride photo
黑心棉 shoddy cotton
机器阅卷 machine scoring
即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery
集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development
价格听证会 public price hearings
甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team
家政服务 household management service
加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion
假帐 accounting fraud
叫板 challenge;pick a quarrel
矫情 use lame arguments
渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence
借调 temporarily transfer
扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.扩大内需,刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption 9 全国人民代表大会National People’s Congre(NPC)主席团Presidium 常务委员会Standing Committee 中华人民共和国主席President of the People’s Republic of China 中央军事委员会Central Military Commiion 国务院State Council 信息产业部 Ministry of Information Industry 文化部Ministry of Culture 卫生部Ministry of Public Health 外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs 国防部Ministry of National Defence 教育部Ministry of Education 公安部 Ministry of Public Security 国家安全部 Ministry of State Security 中国人民银行People’s Bank of China 中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences 中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences 中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering 最高人民法院Supreme People’s Court
最高人民检察院Supreme People’s Procuratorate
中国共产党中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China 中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC 中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC 中央书记处Secretariat of the Central Committee of the CPC 中央军事委员会Central Military Commiion of the CPC 中央纪律检查委员会Central Commiion for Discipline Inspection of the CPC 中央办公厅General Office, CCCPC 中国人民政治协商会议The Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of the CPPCC 中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会Standing Committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC 中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会办公厅General Offices of the CPPCC National Committee 专门委员会Special Committee 中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会CPPCC Local Committees 中国政党Chinese Parties 中国共产党(中共)Communist Party of China(CPC)中国国民党革命委员会(民革)Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang 中国民主同盟(民盟)Chinese Democratic League 中国民主建国会(民建)China Democratic National Construction Aociation 中国民主促进会(民进)China Aociation for Promoting Democracy 中国农工民主党Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party 中国致公党China Zhi Gong Dang 九三学社Jiu San Society 中国各级党政机关干部名称译名
中共中央总书记 General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee 政治局常委 Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee 政治局委员 Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee 书记处书记 Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee 中央委员 Member, Central Committee 候补委员 Alternate Member …省委/市委书记 Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC
中华人民共和国主席/副主席 President/Vice President, the People’s Republic of China 全国人大委员长/副委员长 Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People’s Congre 秘书长 Secretary-General 主任委员 Chairman 委员 Member(地方人大)主任 Chairman, Local People’s Congre 人大代表 Deputy to the People’s Congre 国务院总理 Premier, State Council 国务委员 State Councilor 秘书长 Secretary-General(国务院各委员会)主任 Minister in Charge of Commiion for(国务院各部)部长 Minister 部长助理 Aistant Minister 司长 Director 局长 Director 省长 Governor 常务副省长 Executive Vice Governor 自治区人民政府主席 Chairman, Autonomous Regional People’s Government
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