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2011年成人高考英语写作七个得高分原则
[2011-8-16 16:10:10] 来源:环球网校 作者:
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我来说两句
一、长短句原则
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:
As a creature,I eat;as a man,I read.Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind,they are in a way quite similar.如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。
二、主题句原则
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事!
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的!
To begin with,you must work hard at your leons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句)。Without sufficient preparation,you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、一二三原则
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点…
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。
1)first,second,third,last(不推荐,原因:俗)
2)firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally(不推荐,原因:俗)
3)the first,the second,the third,the last(不推荐,原因:俗)
4)in the first place,in the second place,in the third place,lastly(不推荐,原因:俗)
5)to begin with,then,furthermore,finally(强烈推荐)
6)to start with,next,in addition,finally(强烈推荐)
7)first and foremost,besides,last but not least(强烈推荐)8)most important of all,moreover,finally
9)on the one hand,on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)
10)for one thing,for another thing(适用于两点的情况)
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!
四、短语优先原则
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其
一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其
二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:
I cannot bear it.可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it.I want it.可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it.这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。
五、多实少虚原则
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous,humorous,interesting,smart,gentle,warm-hearted,hospital 之类的形象词。再比如:
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room
小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!
六、多变句式原则
1)加法(串联)
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and,但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:
I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar.如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:
Not only the fur coat is soft,but it is also warm.其它的短语可以用:
besides,furthermore,likewise,moreover
2)转折(拐弯抹角)
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。
The car was quite old,yet it was in excellent condition.The coat was thin,but it was warm.更多的短语:
despite that,still,however,neverthele,in spite of,despite,notwithstanding
3)因果(so,so,so)
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系!
The snow began to fall,so we went home.更多短语:
then,therefore,consequently,accordingly,hence,as a result,for this,reason,so that
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。
举例:This is what I can do.Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:
When to go,Why he goes away…
5)附加(多此一举)
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.I don„t enjoy that book you are reading.Mr liu,our oral English teacher,is easy-going.其实很简单,同位语——要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。
6)排比(排山倒海句)
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势!
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional,sophisticated or simple,there is plenty in London for you.Nowadays,energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil,coal,natural gas,solar heat,the wind and ocean tides.We have got to study hard,to enlarge our scope of knowledge,to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.(气势恢宏)
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!
七、挑战极限原则
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀!
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:
The weather being fine,a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.Africa is the second largest continent,its size being about three times that of China.如果您可写出这样的句子,不得高分才怪!
成教信息:成人高考英语语法的15个常考点
[2011-8-12 17:37:49]
来源:学信网 作者:
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我来说两句
一、动词时态及语态题(大家应该记住我所讲过的九种时态,特别是其中的过去完成,过去进行时,客观真理要用一般现在时等)
1、The manager told us that this factory was built in 1958.2、By the time we got there,the play had already begun.3、When I was a child,I knew that the earth turns about its axis.4、When Mr.Delay got home after a day's exhausting work,his wife and children were sleeping.二、非谓语动词题(特别是现在分词与过时分词的区别,大家一定要弄明白主动与被动这对最最重要的区别,要求大家多看我的上课笔记)
1、The film showed last night was very moving.(不用moved,大家别忘了-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别)
2、Having finishing his lecture,the teacher asked if anyone wished to asked a question.3、The problem being discued is very important.4、Given more time,we are sure to finish it.5、Will you please make yourself known to everyone here
三、It作形式主语及形式宾语题(这也是一个常考点,it本身是没有意思的,注意it还可以指时间,天气等。)
1、It is difficult to study English well.2、We think it is important to pa the exam.四、强调句型(大家要记住的是it is(was)……。that…。,如果前面是it iswas 后面往往选用that,当然强调人的时候也可用who)
1、It was at an evening party that I first saw her.2、It is what you will do that is important.3、When was it that he bought a new car
五、倒装句型
全部倒装句(这种全部倒装题历年只考过一次,考得最多的都是下面的部分倒装)
1、Stop talking!There comes the teacher.部分倒装句(如果选项里面有两个主谓倒装了,两个没有,我们一般要在倒装里做选择)
1、So badly was he hurt in the accident that he had to be sent to hospital.2、Not only does he study well,but also he is always ready to help others.3、Mary has done well in the English exam.So she has.She always does well in the exam.六、从句中选择关系词题(重点在定语从句,多看笔记,becausesincenow thatasfor; so…that…such… that…)
1、It was in so friendly a way that he talked with us.2、Oct.15,2005 is a day when we will take our English examination.3、We want to buy the same book as you are reading.4、The sun heats the earth,which is very important to living things.七、虚拟语气(我们要记住与现在,过去,将来相反的三种情况,特别是与过去相反的情况最常考,再有就是wishas if 后面所接的三种情况,还有一个常考点在suggest,demand,require,order等表示建议,要求,命令的词后面加从句时,从句里谓语要用(should)+动词原形,如果是被动则用(should +be +动词过去分词)
1、I would have done it better if I had had more time.2、I wish you would go with us tomorrow.3、I suggest that we(should)adopt a different policy.4、Had it not been for your help,we would never have been able to get over the difficulties.八、情态动词题(除了掌握常见情态动词基本用法外,常考点在三种表推测的情况,分别为must表对现在事情的肯定推测,can't表对现在事实的否定推测,must have +v-ed表示对过去事实的肯定推测,而则表示过去应该做某事而没有做)
1、The ground is so wet,it must have rained last night.2、She must be a doctor,I think.3、I should have called you last week,but I was too busy then.九、几组形容词及副词区别题(注意比较级、最高级、倍数表达; likelypoibleprobable; worthworthy; too muchmuch too; alreadyyet等)
1、His books are three time as many as my books.2、The Nile river is the longest river in the world.3、It is much too hot tonight.4、The harder he worked,the happier he felt.十、主谓一致题(往往出题者都是考谓语动词选单数这种情况,如each,every,everyone这样的词作主语以及Mary,like many other girls likes listening to music这样的题)
1、The moral of the officers and crew was very high.2、Each boy and each girl in the city is asked to go to school.3、Neither the quality nor the prices have changed.(近位原则)
十一、动词及动词词组区别题(常考的有raiserisearisearose; spendcosttakepayafford; woundinjurehurtdamage; findfindoutdiscoverinvent; hitstrikeringbeat; tellsayspeaktalk; joinjoin intake part in等以及我所讲过的动词短语)
1、Can you tell the difference between these two words2、He joined the army three years ago.十二、主句用将来时,从句则用一般现在时(或现在完成时)表将来题
1、They will leave the claroom when they have finished writing.2、We will start to work as soon as our teacher comes.十三、名词所有格以及名词后面有限定时则该名词前一定要加定冠词the题(名词的格有以下两种情况,Tom'book,以及 the books of our school,特别是用of表示的所有格我们一定要习惯这种表达)
1、Beijing is the capital of China.2、He can't have the expience of all of the world.十四、常用介词区别题(如on,in,except besides,within,without,through等)
1、You should write in ink not with your pencil.2、He pulled her into the train by the arm.3、by bustrainair…。On foot,on the farm,in the morningafternoonevening,at nightnoon
十五、常考代词题(常考的有otherothers,anotherthe other; sometimeome timesometime; thatwhich; thatwhat,eitherneitheror; tooalsoeither; manymucha great deal ofa great number ofa great amount of; a fewfewlittlea little; as long asas far as; so long ao far as)
1、That you don't like him is none of my busine.2、The weather in the north is much colder than that in the south in January.3、He must be a worker.I think so.
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