新东方考研英语金牌资料写作(78部分)由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“考研英语写作资料”。
第七部分
不忘最后读一遍
40分钟的写作，时间再紧，也要留出两三分钟的时间把文章通读一遍，进行必要的修改。不要说我们初学写作的人，就是大作家写完一个章节或一部小说后都要反复读上几遍。在限时、紧张的写作中，出现错误，尤其是语言上的错误是不可避免的。如果把这些错误留在那里，不得到改正，就会影响整篇文章的质量。阅卷人虽然不大会按你文章中语言错误的累计数目进行扣分，但错误，尤其是一些幼稚的错误，会给阅卷人员留下不好的印象，从而影响文章的分数。
那么修改应注意哪些方面呢？从结构方面来说：（1）看一看中心思想是不是突出？文章中有论述和材料是否都围绕着这个中心思想展开？如发现个别句子或例子游离于中心思想之外，甚至与中心思想发生冲突，就应把它从文章中去掉。（2）看一看段与段之间，句与句之间是否连贯？衔接是否自然，或给人一种断裂、跳跃的感觉？如发现这种情况，就要加一个句子或一些词，或改变一下说法，以求文章的连贯。
但就修改来说，是主要还是放在语言上，即语法和词汇上。
以下各例中，a）表示错误的或不宜提倡的句子，b）表示正确的或值得模仿的句子。
1．动词谓语的时态是否有错
例 1
a)We college students had enough time to take a parttime job, no matter how busy we
were...b)We college students have enough time to take a parttime job, no matter how busy we are...命题作文一般都是议论文，而写议论文一般都是用现在时态。只有举例，提到过去的事才会用到过去时。
例 2
a)Riding bicycles had more advantages than taking a bus.b)Riding bicycles had more advantages than taking a bus.考生中用过去时写作与他们教材课文体裁（大多为叙述文、说明文）和平时写作练习（大多写个人经历的故事）有关，也与他们过度概括有关，认为所有文章都用过去时。
例 3
a)There are so many countries using English that it had been regarded as an international
language.b)There are so many countries using English that it has been regarded as an international language.在论述同一事情，即发生在同一时间里的事时，前后半句或相邻的几句在时态上要保持一致。
2．主语和谓语，名词和代词，以及人称是否保持一致
例 4
a)The eating habit of Chinese people have changed in the past decade.b)The eating habit of Chinese people has changed in the past decade.不管主语和谓语隔开多远，主语当中还有修饰成分，谓语要和真正的主语在数上保持一致。
例 5
a)Now fruits and vegetables can be seen everywhere when it is in season.b)Now fruits and vegetables can be seen everywhere when they are in season.例 6
a)I feel proud to come to our university.b)I feel proud to come to this university
our和主语 I不一致，或把 our改成 my，或改成 this。而这里用 this 较妥。
3． 修饰语是否放在正确的位置上
例 7
a)Without television, people can't get information which comes from other parts of the world immediately.b）Without television, people can't immediately get information which comes from other parts of the world.a)句子，immediately 显然放错了位置。是“得到迅速从各地传来的消息”，还是“迅速得到从各地传来的消息”？意思含糊不清。
例8
a)At the age of six, my father began to give me English leons.b)When I was five years old, my father began to give me English leons.a)句子，At the age of six 放在这个位置上，变成了“我父亲六岁的时候”。改变说法，可以解决这个问题。
例 9
a)To improve one's writing skill.regular practice is neceary.b)To improve one's writing skill, one must make regular practice.不定式短语的逻辑主语决不是regular practice，为了把逻辑关系表达清楚，要么把不定式短语改成If one wants to improve his writing skill，要么把主句改成one must make regular practice.4．表示相同的意思，是否用了平行语法结构
例 10
a)With the computer, one can do shopping, banking and read at home.b)With the computer, one can do shopping, banking and reading at home.can do shopping, banking and read at home, 用语法平行结构来衡量，用动词原形 read是不妥的，为了和 do shopping, do banking 保持结构上平行，接下来的一个内容要用do reading.例 11
a)Nowadays, people not only eat enough food, but also eat better.b)Nowadays, people not only eat more, but also eat better.用 not only...but also, both...and, whether...or, either...or, as well as, along with等能连接两个成分的连词，前后两个成分在结构上要保持一致。用 eat enough food, eat better不如用 eat more, eat better，都用副词。
例 12
a)Participating in sports is good for our physical health, and through it we can also train our character.b)Participating in sports is good for our physical health, and it is also beneficial to our character-training.在说同样的事时，相邻的句子尽可能在语法结构上保持一致。
5．用代词时，指代是否清楚
例13
a)Sometimes teachers will inform students of the heavy burden they have to bear.b)Sometimes a teacher will inform students of the heavy burden he has to bear.they 即可指代teachers, 也可指代 students，明显的是指代不清。其实只要把其中一个名词变成单数，用he和 they分别代不同的名词，就清楚了。因为 a teacher也可泛指所有教师。
例14
a)Someone believes that the teacher's task is to give students knowledge, which may not be true.b)Someone believes that the teacher's task is to give students knowledge, a notion which may not be true.which指代什么不清楚，指 knowledge，还是指前面整个句子？如果指 Someone believes，最好用 a notion或an idea归纳一下整个句子的意思，然后引出从句。
例15
a)People have been fighting against the influence of TV commercials, but it often proves usele.b）People have been fighting against the influence of TV commercials, but the effort often proves usele.it 指什么？如指influence，则在 it often proves usele 这个句子中显然不通。写作人知道it指人们的努力，但effort 这个词前面没有出现过，就不能用it。
6． 相邻的句子，是否避免了不必要的结构转变
例16
a)While we reuce the number of vehicles, the speed of traffic can be increased.b)While the number of vehiles is reduced, the speed of traffic is increased.两个非常相关的意思，不要一个使用主动结构，一个使用被动结构。
例17
a)Each of us may take a parttime job to help support ourselves, but if you spend too much time on it, your study will be affected.b)Each of us may take a parttime job to help support ourselves, but too much time spent on it, our studies will be affected.前半句用each of us和ourselves，后半句却用you和 your study，应一致起来。
7．可数名词与不可数名词是否用得正确
例18
a)TV presents us with many useful informations.b)TV presents us with a lot of useful information
还有evidence, advice, knowledge等都是不可数名词，都不能用复数。另外，many, a great number of, another, few 等只能与可数名词配用。而a great amount of, a great deal of, le, much, 等应与不可数名词配用。
例19
a)Making our cities greener is not an easy work.b)Making our cities greener is not an easy job.work 用作可数名词是“作品”这类意思，而表示“工作”时，不可数。同样，在 Word has been sent out that those who cheat on exams will be punished.这个句子中，要用单数word表示“信息”。
例20
a）Each people has his own opportunities.b)Each person has his own opportunities.people作“人民”、“人们”解时，是集体名词，不能与each配用。a people或 peoples表示民族、国家。在正式语体中也不能说 le people，而应说 few people。
8．冠词是否用得正确
例21
a)Book knowledge is important, but we should also learn something in the society.b)Book knowledge is important, but we should also learn something in society.用定冠词the, 是特指意义，而这里没有这个特指意义。同样，在When I was in the high school, I always have a beautiful picture of the college life 中，两个the都应去掉。
例22
a)If there were no electirc power, we would have to do everything by the hands.b)If there were no electric power, we would have to do everything by hand.表示用手(by hand), 走路(on foot), 上课(in cla), 上学(go to school), 住院(at hospitable)等，都不用定冠词。
例23
a)If there were no electric power, factory would stop producing goods, car, bus and train would stop running.b)If there were no electric power, factories would stop producing goods;cars, buses and trains would stop running.用可数名词时，要么前面有冠词（the, a, an)或代词(his, her, my), 要么以复数形成出现。不能像中文名词那样没有语法变化。
9．句子的主谓宾是否齐全。
例24
a)TV now plays an important role in our daily life, Because we cannot live without it.b)TV now plays an important role in our daily life.because we cannot live without it.中文用“因为”引出的句子可以独立，但英语不行，作为从句，只能附属主句。
例25
a)There are many ways to contact with society.For example, join in clubs, taking parttime jobs and helping the poor.b)There are many ways to contact with society, for example, joining clubs, taking parttime jobs and helping the poor.for example 引出的应是句子，如 For example we may join clubs, take part-time jobs and help the poor。有时也可不自立为句，跟在一个句子后面，借用主语。
例26
a)If no electricity, all activities such as watching TV and seeing movies will be impoible.b)If there is no electricity, all activities such as wathcing TV and seeing movies will be impoible.if no electricity（如果没有电），但句中的no不是动词，也就是说这个从句缺了谓语。
10．过渡词是否用得合适
例27
a)Because some college graduates could not find a better job, so they decided to continue to read for a second degree.b)As come college graduates could not find a better job, they decided to continue to read for a second degee.汉语可以说 “因为......所以”, 但英语不能连用“because...so”.例28
a)Although an opportunity is rare, but we must be ready to seize it.b)Although an opportunity is rare, we must be ready to seize it.同样，汉语可以说“虽然......但日”，而英语要么用although,要么用 but, 两者不能同时用。
11．词语的搭配是否正确
例29
a)We students should learn/study as much knowledge as poible.b)We students should acquire/obtain as much knowledge as poible.“学习知识”是考生作文中经常要表达的，但不少人用错。英语中能和knowledge 搭配的是obtain, acquire, gain等。
例30
a)With a rise in the number of cars and buses, traffic in Shanghai has become more and more crowded.b)With a rise in the number of cars and buses, traffic in Shanghai has become increasingly heavier.traffic不和 crowded搭配，说 “交通拥挤繁忙”，应说 traffic is heavy/busy.如同中文里的“速度快”，英语不说 “The speed of cars is fast/quick.” 而是说“The speed of cars is high/fantastic.”或“cars are much faster.”
例31
a)People begin to eat more vice food.b)People begin to eat more non-staple foodstuff.副总统是vice presidents, 副食品应是 non-staple foodstuff, 而副经理、副教授、副作用分别是 aistant managers, aociate profeors, side effects，搭配不同。
12．词语是否用得得当
例32
a)Actually, traffic jams have effected our daily life.b)Actually, traffic jams have affected our daily life.表示“不良影响”，动词用affect, 而不是effect。
例33
a)When old problems are solved, new problems will rise.b)When old problems are solved, new problems will arise.rise 是“起来”、“上升”的意思，arise 才是“出现”的意思。
例34
a)There are many factors leading to changes in people's diet.At first, people can afford expensive food.b)There are many factors leading to changes in people's diet.First, people can afford expensive food.At first 是“起先”的意思，暗示后来情况完全两样。表示“首先”，要用first。就如 highly 和 high 是两个同的意思，前者是作“非常”解，后者是“高”的意思。Women have risen high in social status.不能用 highly。13．是否重复使用了表示意思的词语
例35
a)In my opinion, I believe the present educational system is in need of reform.b)In my opinion, the present education system is in need of reform.I believe 的意思已包括在In my opinion 里了，用一个就可以了。
例36
a)The reason why people choose to live in the country is because there is no pollution nor noise there.b)The reason why people choose to live in the country is that there is no pollution nor noise there.reason, why, because 都是指同一意思。至少要去掉一个。
例37
a)People try to find a solution to solve the problem.b)People try to find a solution to the problem.14． 介词是否用得正确
例38
a)After four years, we all graduated from college and entered society.b)Four years later, we all graduated from college and entered society.用过去时时，表示四年以后，应用four years later，而不是 after four years。用于表示将来的四年后，也不用after，而是用介词 in，如“We will all graduate in four years”。
例39
a)Many college students have a strong desire to be independent on their parents.b)Many college students have a strong desire to be independent of their parents.“依靠”的意思是用dependent on，但“不依赖、独立”却要用 independent of。
15．词性是否用得正确
例40
a)The computer like TV, it has both advantages and disadvantages.b)Like TV, the computer has both advantages and disadvantages.表示“像”，like是一个介词，这里误作了动词。
例41
a)Obviously, our country would stop develop if no electricity.b)Obviously, our country would stop developing in there were no electricity.这里，develop 应该用动名词developing，而且 no不是动词，说“没有”，应当用 there is not(no)或have(has)not
例42
a)Riding bicycles conveniences my work.b)Riding bicycles is convenient to my work.convenience 不是动词。表示“方便”，可用be convenient to的结构。
16．句子是否有明确的主语
例43
a)Unlike the movie, TV shows on continuously, and doesn't need to pay an extra money.b)Unlike the movie, TV shows on continuously, and one doesn't need to pay an extra money.doesn't need to pay an extra money 的主语是什么？显然不是TV。汉语可以说：电视可以一直看下去，无需再花什么钱。把主语省去，但英语一定要有明确的主语。
例44
a)Too easy or too difficult is no good for us.b)The books which are too easy or too difficult are no good for us.Too easy or too difficult是形容词短语，不能作主语，尽管汉语可以说“太容易或太难对我们都不利”。因此，加上The books which are，主语就有了。
例45
a)Reading books can acquire knowledge.b)Through reading one can acquire knowledge.看上去句子有了主语：Reading books，但这是假主语，因为acquire knowledge 的主语需是人。汉语的主语和谓语的关系可以是主题和评论的关系，可以说读书能获得知识。但英语不行，一定要有逻辑主谓关系。
17．一个句子是否确保只有一个动词
例46
a)People think go to the movie will cost a lot of money.b)People think that going to the movie will cost them a lot of money.汉语一个句子里可以集结几个动词，形成连动结构：“到那里去看电影响”或兼语结构“叫我去看电影”，但英语不能这样用。
例47
a)There are many people take part in sports and games now.b)Many people take part in sports and games now.同样，汉语可以说：有许多人参加体育活动。但英语一个句子只能保留主要动词，或用从句动词：“There are many people who take part in sports and games now.”。
例48
a)Although difficulty is exist, but we can overcome it.正：Although difficulty does exist, we can overcome it.“困难是存在的”，英语不能用“is exist”。（顺便指出，用了Although，就不能用but。）
18．表达是否符合英语的习惯
英语不仅在语言上有差异，在文化上也有不同。英语有某种说法，汉语里不一定有一模一样的说法。好多东西是汉语特有的，英语是无法表达的或我们还无法表达。碰到这种情况，我们采取放弃的办法，要是像例49所示的几个句子那样，硬要表达，不仅意思不清，还会闹出笑话。
例49
a)We should put out hearts into the study.b)We young people are now living in sugar water.a)In a society where men are heavy and women are light, women cannot enjoy full equality.a)Peopl set off firecrackers to congratuate the red and white happy things.a)We should advocate five talks and four beauties.这五个句子都是“中国式英语”，请读者修改成地道的英语。
第八部分
写作单项训练（Exercises 1-7)
Exercise 1
1.Choose the word that best completes the sentence:
1)John was _______(lying, laying)in the sun while Jack was ________(lying, laying)bricks.2)If the cost of living ________(raises, rises), the company will ______(raise, rise)the wages.3)The brain needs a ________(continuous, continual)supply of blood.4)There are no _______(empty, vacant)positions in the company.5)Considerable progre has been _____(made, done)in domestic science.6)In the 18th century _________(ernigrants, immigrants, migrants)poured into America.7)________(Last, At last)the spring has come after a long winter.8)English is the _________(native, mother)tongue of most Americans.9)The mountain hotel offered magnificent _________(views, scenes).10)He spoke to his father _________(respectably, respectfully, respectively).Exercise 2
1.Identify and correct the mistakes, if any, in the following sentences.1)Geography offers us knowledge of foreign countries.2)Jack ran to claroom where the teacher was giving the test with his heart pounding.3)Having almost no money, my survival depended entirely on my parents.4)After returning home, my family welcomed me with presents.5)Looking out of the window, the graland stretches as far as the eye can see.6)He likes to swim, to sing and football.7)I bought this dictionary at a secondhand bookstore which cost five dollars.8)Because he said nothing does not mean that he agreed to your proposal.9)If he lives to be eighty, he would be able to see the year 2000.10)China has a population of 1.2 billion people.11)I enjoy very much the movie Titanic.12)Birds do not need food very much.13)Many great men rise from poverty.Abraham Lincoln, for example.14)The room was empty, everyone had gone.15)The number of students who have become interested in English are increasing.16)One reason I appreciate claical music is the enjoyment you get from listening to it.17)His article is full of many humorous remarks.18)Man will surely learn more about the outer space.19)To keep friendship evergreen, petty quarrels should be avoided.20)Follow the following procedures: first, get your application forms;next, fill them out;and last, you should pay the charges.2.Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it.1)Joe prefers sleeping to working.Joe would __________________________________________________________.2)They decided that all heavy goods vehicles should be banned.They decision was that there ____________________________________________.3)Under no circumstances would they iue him with a paport.They _______________________________________________________________.4)He was not only unfriendly but very rude.As well _____________________________________________________________.5)Leave them alone and they'll come home by themselves.They'll come home by themselves ________________________________________.6)The police couldn't find the owner of the bicycle.The owner __________________________________________________________.7)He's supposed to close and lock the safe every evening before leaving.It's his _____________________________________________________________.8)The idea was so ridiculous that no one agreed to it.So ridiculous _______________________________________________________.9)Owing to a traffic accident, he arrived late.His late ____________________________________________________________.10)But for his help, I should never have managed.If it hadn't ________________________________________________________.11)I never even touched your books.I didn't so much ___________________________________________________.12)I suppose you've heard the news already.You must ________________________________________________________.13)He was very fat because he ate too much.As a consequence _________________________________________________.14)I don't think I will go to the cinema tonight because it is raining.My reason _______________________________________________________.15)The bus service seems to be particularly bad on Sundays.There seems _____________________________________________________.16)The cook is brilliant but he knows nothing about French sauces.Brilliant ________________________________________________________.17)My promoting to Manager was due to your help.It was thanks to you _______________________________________________.18)The burglar alarm rang as soon as he climbed through the window.No sooner ______________________________________________________.19)I should like someone to take me out to dinner.What I should like ________________________________________________.20)I now regret not staying longer.I am sorry now __________________________________________________.Exercise 3 Fill in the blanks with appropriate connective words.1.European universities and universities in the United States are different in many ways._________, European students enroll in fewer courses each term than United States student do._____________, European student seldom live at a university.__________, they live at home and travel to claes.__________, United States profeors often ask their students questions or allow their students to form discuion groups.________, European profeors ask students to write fewer papers than United States profeors do.__________, European students' final examinations are usually oral, __________ American students take written final examinations.___________, a European university is mainly a place to study.___________, at most United States universities, social activities take up a large part of the students' time.2.The problem with an old car is that it is always needing something replaced or repaired._______, about the time the fourth tire is replaced, the first one begins to wear thin again._________, if the front brakes are renewed, ________ the rear brakes start to go wrong.__________ common problem is that some kind of pump is always breaking down and needing replacement.__________ the air pump may develop trouble, _________ the fuel pump may go bad, and _______ the water pump may give up.__________, everything under the hood seems to need a new hose or a new valve._________ the car new transmiion or a new engine.There seems to be no end to the trouble and expense of keeping up and old car.Exercise 4
Cro out the unneceary wording:
Perhaps the most interesting person I have ever met is an interesting Italian profeor of philosophy who teaches courses at the University of Pisa in Italy.Athough I last met this man eight years ago, I have not forgotten over the long years his special qualities.First of all, I was impreed from the beginning by his complete devotion to teaching his students.Because his lectures were always well-prepared and invariably clearly delivered, a great many students always swarmed into his claroom, filling the claroom to capacity.His many followers also appreciated the fact that he thoroughly believed in what he taught to students and that he was always intellectually stimulating to hear.Furthermore he could be counted on in every cla seion to explain his ideas in an imaginative way, introducing such various aids to student understanding as oil paintings, phonograph records, pieces of sculpture, and guest lecturers who were invited to speak to the cla.Once he even sang a song in cla before the students' eyes in order to illustrate a philosophical point.Second, I admired the fact that he would confer with students at almost any time outside of the claroom or talk with them on the telephone.Drinking coffee in the snack bar after having taught a cla, he would easily make friends with students with great ease.Sometimes he would iue a challenge to a student to join with him in a game of che.At other times, he would quite readily join groups of students to discu subjects raging broadly from astronomy to scuba diving.Many young people visited him at one time or another in his office for academic advice;others came to his home for the purpose of social evenings.Finally, I was favorably impreed and attracted by his lively wit.He believed that no cla hour is a succe unle during it, the students and the profeor have a reason to join together to share several chuckles and at least one loud laugh.Through his inimitable and captivating sense of humor, he made learning much more enjoyable and much more lasting.If it is true, as it seems to be, that life makes a wise man smile and a foolish man cry, then my friend is without question truly a wise man.Probably the best example he could poibly have given to us of his wit is this interesting idea with which he once ended a lecture:“ It is as dangerous for man to model himself upon his invention, the machine, as it would be for God to model himself upon His invention.”
Exercise 5
Transitional words and expreions.例1．（启）In general/Generally speaking/On the whole, studying too hard my be harmful to atudents.（启）Lately/Currently/At present/Now/Recently, many teachers expect their pupils to do more work than they can handle.（承）Moreover/Also/Furthermore/Meanwhile/What is more, parents do not realize that preing their children to study harder than called for can injure their health.（承）Certainly/In fact/Obviously/Of course, most parents know that growing boys and girls need relaxations as well as exercise.（转）Neverthele/However/On the other hand/Unfortunately, many students have no choice but to burn the candle at both ends in order to get good grades and please their parents.But a physically weak or socially deprived child may not be able to keep up with such a hurried pace.（合）As a result/Consequently/Thus/Therefore/Hence/In brief/In conclusion, some students may very poibly fail in school because of this preure to study in exce of what is required.例2．Chinese differs from English in several ways.（启）In the first place/To begin with/First of all/To start with/First(ly), their word orders are different.（承）For instance/for example/As an example, in English, a common greeting is “How are you?”.（转）Yet/But/However/Neverthele, in chinese, “You are how?” is correct.（承）Second(ly)/Also/Besides/Next/What is more/Furthermore/Moreover, in Chinese, our verbs do not have the past tense;Instead, we know the time from the adverb.In English,（转）however/on the other hand/neverthele/yet, time is indicated by the tense.（承）In addition to/Besides/Apart from these problems, Chinese have many small differences.（承）For instance/For example/As an example, Chinese does not distinguish between “he” and “she”, nor is there a difference between “a” and “an” as there is in English.（合）Undoubtedly/Certainly/Indeed/Obviously/Thus/In short/In brief, it is these differences that make English difficult for the Chinese students to learn.Exercise 6
paragraph development
（1）列举法(Listing)
例1．Advertisement can be beneficial to people.First, it is informative and can help people buy and sell goods.Second, it can widen people's knowledge, and make people more experienced.Finally, people can enjoy themselves in watching those funny and interesting advertisement programs.例2．There are mainly two opinions on the relationship between man and machines.Some people believe that it will be poible for automatic machines, especially electronic computers, to replace man completely in the future.Others, however, argue that man is the decisive factor in production and the potential of man's intelligence is practically unlimited.列举常用的表达方法有：first, second, in the first place, first of all, to begin with, in the second place, next, also, besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition, what is more, beyond that, for one thing, for another, finally.（2）举例法(Exemplification)
例1．Pollution is becoming more and more serious all over the world.For example, the poisonous gas sent off by factories and automobiles has made the air unhealthy for people to breathe.Again waste water keeps pouring into rivers and lakes;as a result, any water lives are dying out.Furthermore, everywhere we go today, we can find rubbish carelely disposed.Pollution is, in fact threatening our existence.例2．In the past, a good student refers to one who was only good at studies.For example, in the school, what the school master cared about was how well the student did in his school subjects.It did not matter whether a student had good health or not as long as he got the top marks.At home, again before leaving for school, the parents would again and again tell their children to study hard and try to get good grades.As a result, many students showed little interest in anything else.举例法常用的表达方法有：for example, for instance, as an example, as a case in point, as an illustration, such as, namely, that is, like, say.（3）因果法(Cause and Effect)
Nowadays there is often a misunderstanding between parent and child.The most obvious reason for this lack of communication is that they grew up at different times and therefore have different likes and dislikes for the things around them.Also the parent is often too busy to listen patiently to the explanation of the child when there is a misunderstanding.Both of them take it for granted that there is a “generation gap.”
原因与结果常用的表达方法有：because, because of, as, since, for, owing to, due to, on account of, on the ground of, as a result of, thus, so, consequently, hence, therefore, accordingly, as a result, for this reason, as a consequence, on that account, it follows that等
（4）对比和比较法(Comparison and Contrast)
The younger generation is eentially different from the older generation.The world of older people has vanished, and they do not understand all of the problems of the modern world.On the other hand, the younger people have grown up with these problems, and they are deeply concerned about them.The older generation still controls the power in busine organizations, government, and education.The young people want to make changes in these areas to fit the needs of modern society.In order to reconcile their differences, both generations must realize that the world has changed, and that new responses are neceary for many of the problems of society.对比比较常用的表达方法有：similarly, likewise, in the same way, equally important, like, both, the same as, in common, on the contrary, on the other hand, otherwise, unlike, in contrast, whereas, rather than, conversely, instead, by contrast等。
（5）分类法(Claification)
There are three kinds of book owners.The first has all the standard and bestsellers unread, untouched.This deluded individual owns woodpile and ink, not books.The second has a great many books--a few of them read through, most of them dipped into, but all of them as clean as the day they were bought.This person would probably like to make books his own, but is restrained by a false respect for their physical appearance.The third has a few books or many--every one of them dog-eared and dilapidated, shaken and loosened by continual use, marked and scribbled in from front to back.This man owns books.Exercise 7
Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.___________ is shown in the pictures, we can see ________ that with the __________ of commercial fishing, the number of fishes ________ decreased.In one picture, there were various kinds of fish and only one fishing-boat in 1900.________ the contrary, in 1995 there was only one fish, _________ many fishing-boats.The ________ of this picture is to show us that _________ attention has to be paid to the decrease of ocean ___________.Owing to ___________ the number of fishes has obviously decreased.If we let this situation ___________ as it is, we won't know where fish is in the future.By that time, our environment will ___________ a great destruction.Therefore, it is __________ for us to take _________ measures.For one thing, we should __________ to our authorities to make strict laws to control commercial fishing.For another, we should __________ the awarene of people that the ocean resources are very vital to us.________ in this way can we protect our ocean resources.Also I believe that we humans can _________ this difficulty, and we will have a _________ future.Study the following two pictures carefully and write and eay to 1)describe the pictures, 2)deduce the purpose of the drawer of the pictures, and 3)suggest counter-measures.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.A brief History of World Commercial Fishing
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