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2012年考博英语词汇之一词多意
Proce(54次)
【熟义熟性】n.过程,进程
【真题例句】 The costs of globalization proce is enormous.[2001阅读Text4,65题C选项] 【经典译文】全球化进程的代价是巨大的。
【僻义熟性】n.程序,方法
【真题例句】 Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government’s Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the proce is expensive, time-consuming, and will work in truly extreme cases.(2003阅读Text3)
【经典译文】托运人如果觉得被索要高价,他们就可以向联邦政府的路面运输委员会申诉,以获得价格减免。但这个程序费钱、费时,而且只有在极端情况下才可行。
【僻义僻性】vt.加工,处理
【真题例句】Playing video games encourages immediate content.And hours of watching TV shows with canned laughter only teaches kids to proce information in a paive way.[2007年阅读新题型] 【经典译文】玩计算机游戏可以获得立即的满足。连续看几个小时的喜剧电视节目只能教会孩子消极的处理信息。
【辨析】proce, procedure, proceedings.三个词构词方法相同pro向前+ce/ced/ceed(走),所以意思也相近。
proce使用最广,包括一切自然的工程和人工的程序。
procedure指人为的办事程序(强调步骤性)。
例:admiion procedure入学手续; procedure of teaching教学步骤
proceedings含义最窄,指会议记录(记录会议的进展)和诉讼程序。
Economy(45次)
【熟义熟性】n.经济
【真题例句】 market-oriented economy市场经济 [1994阅读Text1] 【僻义熟性】n.经济体,国家
【真题例句】 For each dollar of GDP(in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50% le oil than in 1973.[2003阅读Text3]
【经典译文】富有国家生产一美圆的GDP(以不变价格计算),比1973年少使用50%的石油。
【僻义僻性】a.便宜的;经济实惠的(补充)
An economy cla air ticket is fit for ordinary workers, because it costs much le.【经典译文】经济舱机票对一般工作人员比较合适,因为它的价格要便宜得多。
【同源词】economic(44次)a.经济的,经济学的
【真题例句】socio-economic status社会经济地位[1991阅读Text2] economical(2次)a.经济的(强调节省钱和资源);节约的
【真题例句】 the use of cars has proved to be more economical.[89阅读Text 2, 19题D选项] 【经典译文】使用小汽车被证明是更加节约的。
Practice(28次)
【熟义熟性】n.练习 【真题例句】 Kids need plenty of practice delaying gratification and deploying effective organizational skills, such as managing time and setting priorities.[2007年阅读新题型] 【经典译文】孩子需要充分离线延迟满足以及运用有效的组织技能,比如管理时间和分轻重缓急。
【熟义僻性】vt.练习
【真题例句】If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural[2002年阅读Text1]
【经典译文】如果表现幽默让你觉得不自在,你就必须练习,这样才能觉得自然。
【僻义熟性】n.惯例;常规;准则
【真题例句】Indeed, just as there is the concept of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles(GAAP), perhaps it is time for GASP, Generally Accepted Security Practices, suggested Eli Noam of New York’s Columbia Busine School.[2007年阅读新题型] 【经典译文】纽约哥伦比亚商学院的伊利·诺姆建议说,的确,正如有公认的会计准则一样,也许现在应该制定公认的安全准则了。
Benefit(25次)
【熟义熟性】n.好处,利益
【真题例句】 Either way, one benefit of a “national” organization would be to negotiate better prices, if poible, with drug manufacturers.[2005年阅读新题型] 【经典译文】不管国家是何种含义,“国家”机构的好处之一就是能够通过谈判从医药生产商哪里获得更优惠的价格。
【僻义熟性】n.退休金,救济金,保险费
【真题例句】 37.Corporations and labor unions have ________ great benefits upon their employees and members as well as upon the general public.[A] conferred [99年词汇37题]
【经典译文】公司和工会已经给它们的雇员、会员以及广大公众提供了许多福利待遇。
【僻义熟性】v.得益于(from, in)
【真题例句】What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition--if not always their own then that of their parents and grandparents.[2000年阅读Text5]
【经典译文】奇怪的是他们或许已经从雄心壮志中受益匪浅――如果不是他们自己的雄心,那么就是他们父辈或祖父辈的雄心。
Argue(24次)
【熟义熟性】v.争论,辩论
【真题例句】 The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitle.[1997年翻译]
【经典译文】关键问题是:如果对人的权利没有共同认识,那么讨论动物的权利就是毫无结果的。
【僻义熟性】v.认为,主张,论证;说服
【真题例句】 He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.[2005年阅读Text4] 【经典译文】不像其他大多数人,麦克沃特先生并不认为我们说话方式不规范就会造成我们的思维混乱。Climate(15次)
【熟义熟性】n.气候;(气候)地带
【真题例句】 The flight from overcrowdedne affects the migration from snow belt to more bearable climates.[1998年阅读Text4] 【经典译文】逃离人口过度稠密区的做法改变了以前那种离开寒冷地带去气候宜人之地的趋势。
【僻义熟性】n.风气,社会思潮
【真题例句】 When the work is well done, a climate of accident-free operations is established where time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.[1999年完形]
【经典译文】如果此项工作做得好的话,就会形成无事故作业的好风气,因此那儿的因工伤事故所造成的时间损失就会被控制在最低限度。
Academic(10次)
【熟义熟性】a.学院的,学业的【真题例句】 If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was leened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values.[1995年阅读text4] 【经典译文】如果学校对学业的强调减少一些,也许就有更多的时间教孩子更重要的价值观念。
【僻义熟性】a.学术的
【真题例句】 Mr.McWhorter’s academic specialty is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom”, for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the lo of the case-endings of Old English.[2005年阅读4]
【经典译文】麦克沃特先生的学术专长在于语言史和语言变化,举例来说,他认为“whom”一词的逐渐消失是很自然的,并不比旧式英语中词格的消失更让人惋惜。
【僻义僻性】 n.学者,大学教师
【真题例句】 Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic and former chief executive of Au Bong Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much “reengineering” has been crude.[1998年阅读text2]
【经典译文】哈佛学者伦纳德·施莱辛格是一家迅速扩张的美味面包店的前总裁,他说,许多“企业重组”都不成熟。
【同源词】academy学院,学会
National Academy of Science国家科学学院
Fuel(10次)
【熟义熟性】燃料,能源
【真题例句】Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.[2002年阅读text3]
【经典译文】节约能源,转用其它燃料,以及重工业和高能耗工业重要性的降低,这三个因素使得石油消耗在减少。
【僻义僻性】提供燃料;火上浇油(联想意义)
【真题例句】On anther level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the aisted-suicide(医生协助自杀)debated has been fueled in part by the despair of parents for whom the modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.[2002年阅读text4] 【经典译文】在另一方,父母们认为现代医药延长了奄奄一息的病人的身体痛苦。医药界的人也承认这些父母的绝望这给医助自杀的讨论火上浇油。
Addre(10次)
【熟义熟性】n.地址,通讯处,致词
【僻义僻性之一】 v.致函,写姓名地址;
【真题例句】Prior to his departure, he addreed a letter to his daughter.[1986词汇第3题] 【经典译文】在离开之前,他给他女儿写了一封信。
【僻义僻性之二】v.向„„讲话;
【真题例句】Depending on whom you are addreing, the problems will be different.[2002年阅读Text1]
【经典译文】 针对不同的听众,要谈的问题也应该不同。
【僻义僻性之三】v.处理,解决问题
【真题例句】 Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are comprehensive programs that addre the many needs of the homele.[2006年完形] 【经典译文】《波士顿环球日报》记者克里斯“雷迪认为只有通过全面规划来解决这些无家可归者的各种需求,这种局面才有可能得到改善。
Odd/Odds(9次)
【熟义熟性】a.奇怪的,奇特的 【近义词】strange
【真题例句】 Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.[1998年翻译]
【经典译文】宇宙膨胀说虽然听似奇特,但在科学上是似乎可信的结论,因为它是基本粒子物理学中一些公认的理论推理而来的。许多天体物理学家近十年来一直确信这一论说是正确的。
【僻义熟性之一】a.临时的,不固定的 【近义词】temporary 【真题例句】 Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern only of data-rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information protection is now high on the bo’s agenda in businees of every variety.[2007年阅读Text4]
【经典译文】信息保护过去一直是临时的、低级的信息技术员的工作,并且只被诸如银行、电信、航空这类拥有大量数据的行业所关注,而现在却高高列在各行业老板的日程表上。
【僻义熟性之二】a.奇数的,不成对的 【反义词】even 【例】an odd shoe.一只不成对的鞋
【僻义僻性】odds.n.可能性,概率
【真题例句】 Even demographics are working against the middle cla family, as the odds of having a weak elderly parent – and all the attendant need for physical and financial aistance – have jumped eightfold in just one generation.[2007年阅读Text3] 考研英语对词汇深度的考查尤其体现在一词多意,一词多性。例如light这个基础词汇,很多同学只知道light n.光;而这个单词在考研中出现了19次,考查的意思多达5种。
light/lighting/lighter(19次)
【熟义熟性】n.光,发光体,灯 Light-year 光年
【僻义僻性】lighting n.照明,照明设备,舞台灯光
【真题例句】At the same time the great municipalities went into busine to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers.[1996年Text3]
【经典译文】与此同时,大城市的市政府也开始涉足实业界,为纳税人提供照明、电车及其它服务。
【僻义僻性】a.轻的
【僻义僻性】Fifty years ago, the chance of a baby(particularly a boy baby)surviving depended on its weight.A kilogram too light or too heavy meant almost certain death.[2000年阅读Text2] 【经典译文】50年前,婴儿(尤其是男婴)存活的几率取决于体重,轻一公斤或重一公斤几乎意味着必死无疑。
【僻义僻性】v.点燃 【真题例句】Light up the stove and you could burn down the house.[1999年阅读Text1]【经典译文】把炉子点燃后,你有可能把整座房子烧毁。
【常考短语】in the light of 按照, 根据, 当作 [近] according to
【真题例句】He explores such problem consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained.[2006年翻译] 【经典译文】他自觉地、清晰地、坦率地、探索这样的问题:首先问事实问题,然后问到的问题,最后根据他掌握的事实和道德信息给出恰当的行为建议。
【常考短语】shed light on= cast light on
[本意] 把灯光投射在„之上;[转义] 详细说明
【真题例句】A researcher has now __48__ the mystery of why the animals die.[1995年完形填空]
[A] paid attention to [B] caught sight of [C] laid emphasis on [D] cast light on 【经典译文】一名研究者现在已经揭开了动物死亡之谜。
【复合词语】light-hearted 1)轻松愉快的;2)随便的,掉以轻心的
【真题例句】Often it’s the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.[2002年阅读Text1]
【经典译文】常常是你说话的方式使人发笑,因此说慢一些,并且记住扬扬眉毛或者露出一副不相信的表情都有助于显示你在做轻松的评论。
lighter有三个意思:1)更轻,2)更亮;3)打火机
addre在历年真题中出现了10次,这是一个初中生都认识的词汇,但是在历年考研的历年真题中考到了多个生僻的意思。
【熟义熟性】n.地址,通讯处
【僻义僻性之一】 v.致函,写姓名地址;
【真题例句】Prior to his departure, he addreed a letter to his daughter.[1986词汇第3题] 【经典译文】在离开之前,他给他女儿写了一封信。
【僻义僻性之二】v.向„„讲话,致词
【真题例句】Depending on whom you are addreing, the problems will be different.[2002年阅读Text1]
【经典译文】针对不同的听众,要谈的问题也应该不同
【僻义僻性之三】vt.处理,解决问题
【真题例句】 Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are comprehensive programs that addre the many needs of the homele.[2006年完形] 【经典译文】《波士顿环球日报》记者克里斯”雷迪认为只有通过全面规划来解决这些无家可归者的各种需求,这种局面才有可能得到改善。
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词汇题汇总 (练习)1 A scientific law is liable at any time to need modifying.This happens when fact is discovered which seems to_____ what the law would lead one t......
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