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Improvement and development of small agriculturalMachinery for sub-Saharan
The new government from 1950 to the 1960s, African countries after independence, a large-scale agricultural machinery imported from advanced countries to promote the modernization of agricultural policy.Now, many African countries, agriculture machinery and not the smooth management of this does not solve the economic, technical premise of the question in order to use the European and American type of mechanization of agricultural production, there are a lot of mechanization of agricultural production in Europe and America to collapse phenomenon.In which the benefit of the use of tractors, tractor makes small-scale farming in the Tianshui area into farmland by the rental contract, the small-scale farming economy, strict control, resulting in the farming work environment can not be improved.Although the advanced countries to expand investment cooperation and aistance of the African economies, but if there is no support on the actual burden of agricultural production, small-scale farming can imagine the African countries can not be real development.This study is to improve small-scale farmers in sub-Saharan Africa working environment for the target, the agricultural status of the investigation is the right technology to the premise of the production scale of agricultural operations, agricultural surveys in the same region at the same timeway to look forward to improved and developed to ease the financial burden and labor to withstand the force of a small agricultural machinery, this study concludes that the proposal to the correct transfer of the development of improved small-scale agricultural machinery technology.First of all, to verify the independence of African countries after the implementation of European and American agricultural mechanization policy, included in the social background of sub-Saharan Africa, countries import the point of the problems caused by modern agricultural technology based on the acute and early development programs, committed to the mechanization of agriculturetendency from the advanced countries the introduction of the tractor use in agriculture, and to show small-scale farming farming summarized the discuion of the problems of small-scale farmers in African countries in general aumed.In order to obtain full and complete investigation and the results of research should be correct and appropriate technology transfer coming in on the basis of the object region neceary survey of agricultural conditions.To survey covering sub-Saharan Africa's agricultural situation, we must investigate those self-sufficient pillars of small-scale farmers in the agri-environmental characteristics of the region to investigate the one hand, but also the implementation of the questionnaire surveys and personal door acce to the forms of investigation.The results of the survey, we can know that a relatively high dependence on small-scale farmers in the right economic, animal technology, pears, threshers and other small-scale agricultural machinery.In one, is Morocco, a national policy on individual farmers and groups form a team groups to use the purchase of agricultural machinery, the state has a grant system so that individuals and groups and for small-scale farmers in such as education, research, training, institutional measures and achieved substantial results, but also the transfer of agricultural technology sub-Saharan Africa also played a very good guide positive role.Suitable starting point for small-scale farmers in the small agricultural machinery, as sub-Saharan Africa, the agricultural operations of farmers in the most need to improve, first as the
most pay attention to efficient harvesting,the same region looks forward to the popularization of improved animal farming experiment can prove the stability and maneuverability.The experiment is the same with the sub-Saharan Africa under natural environmental conditions, the experiment also in North America, Morocco, has prepared a sound and reasonable environment, the habits of this experiment as the small-scale farming agriculture methods to cover the dealer operations(cover Makers jobs: call CoverCropCultivationC.C grow wheat Lei Tian, harrowing, and cover the soil of agricultural practices)performance characteristics of the test animal farming jobs.Based on the results of this experiment to prove, instead of using the completely opposite of animal farming in China and sub-Saharan Africa, for example, might as well find a suitable method of soil improvement, animal farming and sub-Saharan Africa.In general areas such as Morocco test pear seedbed three kinds(short seedbed seedbed seedbed long)different ways of working for the safety of animal farming, animal farming from farming characteristics and operational safety inspection and improved seedbed plow hinder gradually reduce the operational safety in the right direction.In a farming in sub-Saharan Africa followed by the need for the improvement of agricultural operations on agricultural harvesting efficiency is very high on modern efficient thresher.Proceing technology, as pointed out by FAO and other agencies, as after the harvest, threshing work, is a major iue for harvesters to reduce harvest loes.On one hand, the use of straw on the threshing work is also very important.Ongoing contract work in North America, Morocco and other countries tried the improvement of Turkey's advanced technology, to ensure appropriate length of straw, for using the modified propeller trunk.Threshing test results using the modified propeller trunk, lo of wheat and barley, each about 3 percent, which the wheat harvest loes in North America and achieved good results.Straw loes in the Turkish manufacturing advanced machinery occasions, lo of efficiency of about 90%, while the lo of efficiency in the improved propeller trunk only 9% wheat, barley, only 10% of the harvest lo wheat and barley to meet in feed use.Finally, in the area survey of the introduction of object technology and small-scale agricultural machinery in the examples in this paper improved on the basis of the development of the research sample, apply to the introduction of agricultural technology by small-scale farming in the African region in general type andfuture collaboration that proposals were collected.First, for technical cooperation in the sub-Saharan Africa, we can recognize in the densely detailed results of the survey is neceary to see the nature of the demand of the farmers on agricultural mechanization, and the second, are now in the proce of agricultural mechanization in the early African agricultural machinery imported premise should be to adapt to the agricultural environment of the agricultural situation in the region and the climate of the region's endemic, as well as the need for the development of the agricultural environment suitable animal farming and threshing machines and other small agricultural machinery, the improvement is also very important.Third, based on the popularity of the community to create small-scale agricultural machinery plays an important role, its peasants, workers, universities, research institutes and manufacturing plants to become one of the activities of groups, not as parenting groups to contribute to regional industrialization.ODA technology transferred to the site in one of the country's government officials, workers included in the transferred object a lot, but we also see the appropriate technology to impart to farmers should be transferred in the initial nor case.Farmers bear the burden of agriculture, rather than rely entirely on farmers in le than farmers in appropriate technology collaboration is more important, if you want on the subject can be paed.In this thesis, and look forward to alleviate the burden of farmers in the economy and labor under the burden of the work environment to improve small-scale farmers in sub-Saharan Africa.Improvement and development of small-scale agricultural machinery while in the same region, and summarizes the correct method of technology transfer on the covers small-scale agricultural machinery.This study is the example for the improvement and development of small-scale agricultural machinery sub-Saharan Africa, and see many African countries from Europe and the United States the use of large agricultural machinery to solve the problem in the economic conditions in the
same region and agricultural the actual state of the correct and suitable for agriculturalmachinery and well-integrated effect, we can expect to farm a good contribution to the future.Also, after the long-term ODA front-line experience on the basis of the proposal on agricultural technology transfer, through the perspective of the ODA points out the lack of respect, we can determine the future policy depends on the ODA Agricultural Technology Support Programme, it will provide important Guide to the role.
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