为何人人都要学习进化论由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“进化论与学习”。
为何人人都要学习进化论
翻译：后溪金 | 2009-01-01 14:12:51 | 阅读1261 | 来源
Evolution should be taught as a practical tool for understanding drug resistance and the price of fish
进化应当作为一个理解耐药性和鱼价的实用工具讲授
Charles Darwin did not think of himself as a genius.“I have no great quickne of apprehension or wit which is so remarkable in some clever men...” he remarked in one paage of his autobiography.Fortunately for the rest of us, he was profoundly wrong in his aement.So on February 12 the world will mark the bicentennial birthday of a scientist who holds a rightful place alongside Galileo, Copernicus, Newton and Einstein.查尔斯·达尔文不认为自己是一个天才。“我不擅长迅速理解事物，即没有一些聪明人引人注目的才智...”他在自传里的一段谈到。幸运的是，对于我们其余的人来说，他的评价大错特错。因此，2月12日，全世界将纪念一位科学家诞辰200周年，这位科学家理应享有与伽利略、哥白尼、牛顿和爱因斯坦并列的地位。
Darwin’s genius—and, yes, genius is the right word—is manifest in the way his theory of evolution can tie together disparate biological facts into a single unifying framework.Evolutionary geneticist Theodosius Dobzhansky’s oft-cited quotation bears repeating here: “Nothing in biology makes sense, except in the light of evolution.”
达尔文的天才——是的，天才一词是准确的，而且在他的进化论中是显然的——能够把根本不同的生物事实联系在一起，形成一个单一的统一框架。进化遗传学家西奥多西厄斯·多布赞斯基的口头禅值得在这里重复一遍：“除非按照进化论来理解，否则生物学毫无意义。” Yet it is also worth noting during this anniversary year that Darwin deserves a lot better than he gets.When the popular pre needs an iconic image of a brilliant scientist, it invariably recycles the famous photograph of Albert Einstein having a bad hair day.(Einstein accompanies John Lennon and Andy Warhol on Forbes’s list of top-earning deceased celebrities.)Darwin’s failure to achieve icon status is the legacy of creationists and neocreationists and of the distortion of his ideas by the eugenics movement a century ago.然而，同样值得注意的是，在这一年的周年纪念期间，达尔文应得到比他得到的更多更好才是。当大众传媒需要一明亮耀眼的科学家偶像时，就毫无例外地重复使用阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦那张头发凌乱的著名照片。（爱因斯坦陪伴约翰·列侬和安迪·沃霍尔出现在《福布斯》娱乐界已故最赚钱的名流之中。）达尔文未能获得偶像地位是神创论者与新神创论者以及一个世纪前歪曲他的思想的优生学运动的遗产。
But Darwin is so much more than just a quaint, Victorian historical figure whose bust in the pantheon deserves a place among those of other scientific greats.Theory needs to explain past, present and future—and Darwin’s does all three in a form that requires no simplifying translation.His theory is readily acceible to any literate person who allots a pleasurable interlude for On the Origin of Species, its prose sometimes bordering on the poetic: “...from so simple a beginning endle forms most beautiful and most wonderful have been, and are being, evolved.”
不过，达尔文不仅仅是一个古雅的维多利亚时代的历史人物，远远不是，他的半身雕像应该安放在伟人祠，站在其他科学巨人中间。理论必须解释过去、现在和未来——而达尔文的理论把这三者形成一体，无需精简，不必解释。凡是受过教育的人都容易接受他的理论，他们把闲暇用来阅读《物种起源》，真是快活，他的散文有时近乎诗：“...从如此简单的一个开端，无数最美丽和最奇妙的类型已经进化，而且正在演变。
Most important, Darwin’s legacy has a direct bearing on how society makes public policy and even, at times, on how we choose to run our lives.Overfishing of mature adults selects for smaller fish(and higher prices at the supermarket), and exceive use of antibiotics leads, by natural selection, to drug resistance, all considerations for regulators and
legislators.Many modern diseases—obesity, diabetes and autoimmune disorders—come about, in part, because of the mismatch between our genes and an environment that changes more quickly than human genomes can evolve.Understanding this disparity may help convince a patient to make a change in diet to better conform to the demands of a genetic heritage that leaves us unable to accommodate exce, refined carbohydrates and saturated fats from a steady intake of linguine alfredo and the like.最重要的是，达尔文的遗产直接关系到社会如何制定公共政策，有时甚至关系到我们如何作出选择来过日子。过度捕捞选择成熟的鱼结果是鱼更小（而且超市里的鱼价更高），而过度使用抗生素，通过自然选择，将导致耐药性，对于监管者和立法者来说，这些都需要考虑。许多现代疾病——肥胖、糖尿病和自身免疫性疾病——部分是由于人类基因和环境之间不协调而引起的。环境变化之快，超过人类基因组可能的进化。认识和理解这种巨大的差异也许有助于说服病人改变饮食，更好依照基因遗传的要求，我们不能放任容纳过量的、精致的碳水化合物和源自固定摄入的意大利扁面条、罗马沙司等等的饱和脂肪。
Biologist David Sloan Wilson initiated a program in evolutionary studies called EvoS at Binghamton University that extends beyond just the life sciences to encompa the
humanities and the social sciences: the program is now being adopted at other schools.Students learn the basics, that evolution is both theory and fact and, crucially, that it serves as a way of looking at the world that provides deep predictive and explanatory power.They then proceed to use this analytical framework to explore subjects as diverse as cancer, pregnancy, mate choice, literature and religion.生物学家大卫·斯隆·威尔逊在宾厄姆顿大学开创了一项称为EvoS的进化学习计划，合理地延伸到生命科学以外，包括人文和社会科学：该计划目前也被其他学校接受。学生学习进化论基础，包括理论和事实，而极其重要的是，进化论作为一种看待世界的方法，将提供深刻地预言与解释的能力。于是，他们着手利用这一分析框架，探讨癌症、怀孕、择偶、文学和宗教等多种多样的主题。
One way to celebrate Darwin’s birthday is to contemplate how evolutionary studies can achieve broader adoption in secondary and higher education.Natural selection and the complementary idea of how genes, individuals and species change over time should be as much a part of developing critical thinking skills as deductive reasoning and the study of ethics.庆祝达尔文生日的一种方式是，仔细考虑进化研究如何在中等教育和高等教育中取得更广泛的接受。作为批判性思维技能发育的一部分，了解基因、个体和物种的自然选择和互补随时间而变应该跟演绎推理和伦理学研究达到同一程度。
Note: This article was originally printed with the title, “A Theory for Everyman”.
人人都要保护环境作文在学习、工作或生活中，大家都经常接触到作文吧，借助作文可以宣泄心中的情感，调节自己的心情。还是对作文一筹莫展吗？以下是小编精心整理的人人都要保护环境......
人人都要守法则我们是祖国含苞待放的花朵，是祖国的未来。作为祖国鲜艳的花朵，我感到自豪。而作为一名学生，我们不仅要学习，还要守法。守法是每个公民应尽的义务，懂得了法律我们就......
改变思路，发扬雷锋精神--读《人人都要学雷锋》有感 最近通读了《人人都要学雷锋》这本书，改变了我对雷锋一些简单的浅层的认识，雷锋他不光是简单的做好事，而是做这些好事的他有......
红灯面前，人人都要遵守规则越来越拥挤的现代城市交通，需要照顾到每一个人的权利，但更需要每一个人都有严格的规则意识，遵守规则、敬畏规则，在此前提之下，用理性的方式谋求改变，争取......
人人都要遵守规则初一作文法律是一种无形的规则，是我们人人都要遵守的。如果人人都遵守法律，就不会有那么多不幸的事发生。如今频频发生醉驾时间，还有人闯红灯，正是因为这些不遵......
