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2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东卷）
英语
第II卷（共45分）
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
阅读下面的短文并用英语回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
[1] Nowadays the cost of a new car has fallen in real terms so that it is cheaper than ever to own one, and better road conditions have also attracted more drivers.The result is overcrowding on the road system, which is one of the problems the local governments are faced with.[2] When people travel to other towns, the problem might be relieved by getting them to park outside the town.Buses could be provided to take them into the centre.These Park and Ride projects are increasingly popular in the UK.At Southerton, for example, a council-funded project led to a 15% drop in city centre traffic over five months.[3] What the council found, though, was that the project proved somewhat unpopular with shop owners in the area outside the centre.Many of their shops relied on paing car drivers for some of their trade.As the number of people driving past dropped, so did their incomes.[4] Making car driving expensive is another way of ____________.Road taxes tend to mean that people use their cars le.Fining drivers who are in areas where cars have been banned can also tend to encourage them to leave their cars behind.[5] However, one thing has to be got right for any solution to succeed.If we expect people to give up the habit of driving, we must give them an alternative they can rely on.Constant delays, unannounced changes to the timetable and sudden cancellations all discourage people from using public transport.People will only see it as a real choice if the buses and trains are on time.66.What causes overcrowding on the road system according to Paragraph 1?(no more than 12 words)
____________________________________________________________________
67.What should people do when traveling to other towns according to the Park and Ride projects?
(no more than 10 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
68.Why were some shop owners unhappy about the project?(no more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________
69.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4.(no more than 8 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
70.Why are people unwilling to use public transport according to Paragraph 5?(no more than 8 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
总述：
文章从交通拥堵这一现实问题切入，通过具体例子及细节介绍相关应对措施，倡导人们充分使用公共交通方式，并指出缓解该问题的关键是提升公共交通服务的质量。阅读表达部分试题设计精巧且多样化，从多角度考查考生的英语阅读和表达能力，66、67题考查考生准确把握篇章信息的能力，68、70题考查考生对相关信息进行准确判断并概括归纳的能力，69题考查考生根据语境进行逻辑推理的能力。其中69题的设置尤为巧妙，既有较强的上下文提示和逻辑关系限定，又给考生一定的发挥空间，考生可从多个角度作答。
66.答案：The reduced/lowered cost of a new car and better road conditions.解析：第一段中：Nowadays the cost of a new car has fallen……and better road conditions
have also…….可总结出答案。
67.答案：They should park outside the town, and take the bus to the center.解析：第二段前两句：When people…..,the problem might be relieved by getting them to park outside the town.Buses…to take them into the center.可提炼出答案。
68.答案：Their incomes dropped because fewer people drove past.解析：第三段第二句：Many of their shops relied on paing car drivers for some of their trade.可以得出答案。
69．答案：encouraging people to use public transport more.relieving the problem.(此答案比较容易得出。)
解析：根据文中“______”这类题的做题方法：上看对比，下看总结。可知，此处让考生总结另外一项缓解交通压力的措施。
70．答案：Because public transport is not reliable/satisfactory.解析：最后一段第二句：if…….they can rely on.句意：如果我们期待人们放弃开车的习惯，我们必须给他们可以信赖的选择；下文也提到公共交通的弊端：经常延误、时刻表的改变和突然的取消。这些都使人们不愿意乘坐公共交通工具。
第二节：写作（满分30分）
某英文报社组织题为“我喜欢的英语谚语”征文活动，你有意参加。请从下面两句谚语中任选一句作为标题写一篇英语作文，内容须包括：1.该谚语的含义；2.体现该谚语含义的个人经历。
① A friend in need is a friend indeed.②Where there’s a will, there’s a way.注意：1.词数：120-150；
2.文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称。
参考词汇：谚语 proverb
解析：
今年我省英语作文题一改沿用多年的书信形式，要求考生从所给的两句谚语中选择一句为题写一篇作文，解释该谚语的含义并讲述能体现该谚语含义的个人经历，形式新颖。题中给出的两句谚语“A friend in need is a friend indeed.” “Where there’s a will, there’s a way.”都是中学生耳熟能详的，考生在审题时不会有障碍。两句谚语所蕴含的道理浅显易懂，贴近考生生活和经验，能够保证考生有话可说，利于考生展现其语言运用能力。题中给出两句谚语，给考生一定的选择空间，这样做既不会增加考生审题的负担，也有利于避免考生因不熟悉谚语而无话可说的情况出现。
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