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英国部分知识点
Unit 1
The full name of UK
Four parts of UK and its capital cities respectively
History---native Celts
invasion from Roman Empire---43 A.D.Settlement of Anglo-Saxons---410.Norman Conquer----William the Conqueror---1066
Battle between Parliament and King---Oliver CromwellWilliam and Mary---the Glorious Revolution---1688
Independence of Scotland for 300 years and its union with England in 1707 Wales---independence tendency
Unit 2
IRA
The Easter Rising of 1916
The Sinn Fein Party
The Good Fridady Agreement in 1998
Unit 3
The Monarchy----the role of queen
The Parliament---the Bill of Rights in 1689
The Prime Minister/ the Cabinet
The Consitution---no written consitution
Parliament---the role of Parliament
The House of Lords
The House of Commons----central role---651 MPs
Unit 4
General Elections---who can vote and who cannot voteyears term
The Labour Party
The Conservative Party
Cla—middle cla / working cla
Race---multiracial
Unit5
Relative decline
Three industries---North Sea---oil and gas
London Stock ExchangeThe City
Frank Whittle---jet engine in 1937
Rolls-Royce
Unit 6
Beowulf
The Canterbury Tales
The legends of King Arthur
William Shakespeare---comedies and tragedies
17thcentury----Francis Bacon, John Milton
18th century----Jonathan Swift, Robert Burns, Daniel Defoe
19th century----Romanticism----poem---Wordsworth, Byron, Keats, Shelley
Novel----Jane Austen, the Bronte Sisters, Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy20th century---Modernism---Joseph Conrad, Virginia Woolf, D.H.Lawrence,E.M.Forster, George Orwell
Unit 7
5---16 compulsory education
Public school---Eton, Winchester
Comprehensive school
A-level exams
famous universities of UK
the Open University
Unit 8
Permanent member of UN Security Council
EU
NATO
FCO(Foreign and Commonwealth Office)---foreign policy making
Unit 9
Newspapers---The Times---oldest daily newspaper
The Observer---odest national newspaper
The qualtiy papers/tabloids
Fleet Street/ Street of Shame
Media----BBC(licence fees)/ ITV
Unit 10
Sports
Football---FA—football hooligans
Tennis---Wimbeldon---invented in Britain
Cricket---first sports with organised rules/same rules nationally---fair play Gofl---invented by Scottish
Horse Racing---flat racing/ steeplechasing
The Royal Ascot
Fox hunting
Holidays and Festivals
Chrismas---three unique traditions
Easter
Trooping the Colour---second Saturday in June
Guy Fawks Night---Nov.5
Orange Marches---July 12
St.Patrick’s Day---March 17
New Year’s Eve
Burns Supper---Jan.25
Halloween---Oct.31
Wales---Eisteddfod
美国部分知识点
Unit 1American Beginnings
Native Americans/ Indians
1492 Christopher Columbus
1497 John Cabot
The first English Settlement---London Company---virginia in 1607---JamesⅠ Beliefs of Puritans
1620---puritans---Mayflower---Plymouth---Maachusetts
Thanksgiving
Maryland---Catholic settlement---Lord Baltimore
Pennsylvania---Quakers---William Penncolonies
The American Revolution---1774, the first Continental Congre
1775, the second Continental Congre
1776, July, 4Declaration of Independence1783Independence
Unit 2 The Political System
Artiles of Confederation
Constitutional Convention in 1787
Constitution, Bill of Rights/ amendments in 1791
Checks and Balances
Legislative Branch----The House of Representatives---435—two-year termThe Senate---100---six-year term
Executive Branch----President---two terms---8 yearsdepartments
Judicial Branch----Supreme Court---chief justice---8 aociate justies
Federal Courts of Appeal
Federal District Courts
The Republican Party---elephant---red
The Democratic Party---donkey---blue
Unit 3Economy
Alexander Hamilton—protective tariff
Industrial Revolution---the first factory---Samuel Slater---1793---cotton textile millRhold Island
Eli Whitney----cotton gin/ interchangeable parts
Henry Ford---aembly line---1913
Scientific management
The New York Stock Exchange---Wall Street
The roots of affluence
Unit 4 Religion
mainstream culture---WASP
Religious liberty
Protestants----Baptists(largest)---Bible Belt
Methodists
Quakers, Lutherans, Congregationalists, Presbyterians
Catholics----second largest
JFK---first Caholic President
Judaism----Jews---Paover
Three faiths
Religious Diversity-----Amish, Mormons
Unit 5 Literature
Early Writers----Washington Irving.James Fenimore Cooper
Transcendentalists----Ralph Emerson, Henry David Thoreau
Herman Melville.Nathaniel Hawthorne
Poets----Walt Whitman, Emily Dickinson
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Regionalism----Mark Twain
Natrualism----Stephen Crane, Theodore Dreiser, Jack London
Henry James, Edith Wharton
Sinclair Lewis---first American writer who won Nobel Prize for Literature Modernism----Ezra Pound, T.S.Eliot.E E.Cummings
Lost Generation----F.Scott.Fitzgerald.Ernest Hemingway
William Faulkner----Stream of Consciousne
Harlem Renaiance
Drama----Eugene O’ Neill, Tenneee Williams, Arthur Miller
John Steinbeck
Margaret Mitchell
Joseph Heller
Black writers----Richard Wright, Ralph Ellison, James Baldwin
Beat Gerneration----Allan Ginsberg
J.D.Salinger
Black women wrtiers----Toni Morrison, Alice Walker
Unit 6 Education
public school(boards of education)/ private school
education decided by local government
elementary school/ secondary school
admiion to university----SAT
famous universities
community college
GI Bill of Rights in 1944
Enrollment of black and women students
Unit 7 Social Movements
Civil Rights Movements----segregation
----Rosa Parks---bus boycott---Alabam---1955----SNCC, CORE, SCLC
----Martin Luther King, Jr.Malcolm X
The Youth Anit-War Movements-----The Vietnam War
-----the Free Speech Movement----Berkeley-----counterculture, Hippes
The Women’s Movements----Betty Friedan
Social problems-----Watergate Affair----Richard Nixon----1972----resign in 1974
Unit 8 Technology
Rifle Works-----John H.Hall
Mechanical reaper----Cyrus H.McCormick
Railroad----the Stevens family
Steamboat----Robert Fulton
Morse Code----Samuel F.B.Morse
Telephone---Alexander Graham Bell
Thomas Edison----the Wizard of Menlo Park
Taylorism and Fordism
The television---the age of visual information
Apple/ IBM/ Microsoft
Unit 9 Foreign Relations
Cold War with Soviet Uniton
Truman Doctrine(the Korean War/ the Vietnam War)
Cuban Mile Crisis in 1962
Richard Nixon---visit China in 1972----ceasefire agreement of the Vietnam War Star Wars Project
The Gulf War in 1991
Bill Clinton
George W.Bush----unilaterlism and faith in military faith
Terriorist attack in 2001
Preemption
The Second Gulf War in 2003
American Domination
Unit 10 Sports and Scenic Spots
Sports
American football---Super Bowl
Baseball---World Series
Basketball----invented by James Naismith----NBA
Scenic Spots
Grand Canyon National Park
Yellowstone National Park---oldest---geyser and hot spring
Yosemite National Park
The Rocky Mountains/ The Appalachian Mountains
Mount.Rushmore---four presidents
Florida---Miami---Florida Keys----Key West
New York State---Niagara Falls
---New York City---Manhatten---the Statue of Liberty
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