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Interior monologue is a phrase closed related to the stream of consciousne novel.Unlike external action, the movement of consciousne is a psychological proce which we can not see.So an objective description of it is impoible and interior monologue, which can register the slightest wavering of or the world that surrounds consciousne, is the best way to illustrate it.Almost all the stream of consciousne novelists use this technique in their works.Stream of consciousne is a very complicated psychological proce.According to the Austrian psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, it can be divided into three levels: the Id(the unconscious), the Ego(the subconscious)and the Superego(the conscious).Of the three levels, the unconscious mind is the most primitive state of mind.To show the different levels of one’s consciousne, interior monologue is also divided into different types.Generally speaking, interior monologue can be divided into two types: direct interior monologue and indirect interior monologue.When direct interior monologue is used, the author adopts the first person to narrate and is not involved in the narration by making no explanation or remark on the character’s thought and experience.This device enables the character to thoroughly reveal his/her complex psychological activity and particularly it enables a display of the character’s unconsciousne.The display of the unconscious part of the character gives the reader a chance to a fuller and deeper understanding of the character.When indirect interior monologue is used, the author will use the third person to narrate and is partly involved in the narration by making some explanation or comment.This device enables the writer to show the workings of the conscious and subconscious mind but not that of the unconscious mind since the movement of the character's consciousne is controlled surreptitiously by the writer.Both Virginia Woolf and James Joyce are masters of the stream of consciousne novel and both adopt the technique of interior monologue.However, Woolf tends to use indirect interior monologue while Joyce usually uses direct interior monologue.Examples of indirect interior monologue can be found in many parts of Mrs.Dalloway written by Woolf: So she would still find herself arguing in St.James's Park, still making out that she had been right—and she had too—not to marry him.For in marriage a little license, a little independence there must be between people living together day in day out in the same house;which Richard gave her, and she him.(Where was he this morning for instance? Some committee, she never asked what.)But with Peter every thing had to be shared;everything gone into.And it was intolerable, and when it came that scene in the little garden by the fountain, she had to break with him or they would have been destroyed, both of them ruined, she was convinced;though she had borne about with her for years like an arrow sticking in her heart the grief, the anguish;and then the horror of the moment when someone told her at the concert that he had married a woman met on the boat going to India!Never should she forget all that!Cold, heartle, a prude, he called her.Never could she understand how he cared.But those Indian women did presumably—silly, pretty, flimsy nincompoops.And she wasted her pity.For he was quite happy, he aured her—perfectly happy, though he had never done a thing that they talked of his whole life had been a failure.It made her angry still.(10)
Peter is Claria's former love.Compared with her husband, Peter is fantastic, a little bit dominant but not practical.Though she finally chooses Mr.Dalloway as her husband, she still loves Peter.That is why she feels horrible when she is informed of Peter's marriage with an Indian girl.Like any other sensitive woman, she becomes jealous of the Indian girl and calls her “silly, pretty, flimsy nincompoop”(10).After many years of peaceful but dull marriage life with Mr.Dalloway, her mood is stirred by the news of Peter's returning to London from India.So she is trying to convince herself that her choice of Mr.Dalloway as her husband is right.This is a subtle description of the psychology of a sensitive woman.This is not a one-hundred-percent indirect interior monologue but more like a kind of internal analysis made by the writer.In this sense, Virginia Woolf is unique in using the technique of indirect interior monologue.Compared with indirect interior monologue, direct interior monologue is not so easy to understand.The forty-five-paged description of the unconscious mind of Molly Bloom, one of the main characters in Ulyse written by Joyce, is a celebrated example of direct interior monologue: Now make him want me that’s the only way a quarter after what an unearthly hour I suppose they’re just getting up in China now combing out their pigtails for the day well soon have the nuns ringing the angelus they’ve nobody coming in to spoil their sleep except an odd priest or two for his night office or the alarmclock next door at cockshout clattering the brains out of itself let me see if I can doze off 1 2 3 4 5 what kind of flowers are those they invented like the stars the wallpaper in Lombard street was much nice the apron he gave me was like that something only I only wore it twice better lower this lamp and try again so as I can get up early…(642)
This is only a small part of the forty-five-paged direct interior monologue of Molly Bloom at the end of the novel.It is a depiction of the stream of consciousne of Molly in a trance when she is woken up at midnight by her husband and feels it difficult to fall asleep again.Ulyse begins records the experiences of an Irish Jew Leopold Bloom within one day.He his one-day activity with his getting up in the morning and ends up with his bringing home the drunk Stephen Dedalus at midnight.His wife Molly, a singer, from whom he has been estranged since their son died, has been cuckolding him with her concert manager.These external events decide the stream of consciousne of Molly above.From this part, we learn that Molly wants to arouse her husband's love of her once more;when she hears the striking of the clock, she can not help thinking of the Chinese who are used to getting up early at such an early hour;since her sleep is interrupted, she begins to be jealous of those nuns whose sleep is not interrupted;when she knows the alarm clock next door will ring in no time, she grows worried about her sleeplene and tries hard to make herself fall asleep again by counting numbers;when she sees patterns on the wallpaper, she recalls the nice wallpaper in her old house in Lombard Street and the apron her husband has bought her and she thinks of as nice as the wallpaper;then she tries once more to force herself to fall asleep by lowering the lamp.Here by using direct interior monologue together with other devices like ellipsis of punctuation, economy of words, Joyce vividly depicts the character's unconscious mind which can not be described by indirect interior monologue.Though he tends to use direct interior monologue, Joyce adopts indirect interior monologue sometimes.The following is an example of his indirect interior monologue:
She would make the great sacrifice.Her every effort would be to share his thoughts.Dearer than the whole world would she be to him and gild his days with happine.There was the all important question and she was dying to know was he a married man or a widower who had lost his wife or some tragedy like the nobleman with the foreign name from the land of song had to have her put into a madhouse, cruel only to be kind.But even if—what then? Would it make a very great difference?(Ulyse 298)
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经典内心独白1、在茫茫人海之中，轻唤一声，我的爱，我们相视一笑，那是彼此才能会心解读的浪漫回音。2、多情的季节，多情的雨，多情的我挂念你，孤枕难眠思念你！爱你+想你+盼你+等你=我不......
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