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Unit I Book 3 MY FIRST JOB 教学目标:
文化背景： job interview 语篇特点：叙述文，修辞手法
语言知识：垂悬分词的用法;proceed;have … in common;a crocodile of;the last straw;panel
1.Difficult Sentences
1.(LL3-5, Para.1)Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience of teaching my chances of landing the job were slim.What is the grammatical function of “being very short of money and wanting to do something useful”?
It is an“-ing” participle phrase used as an adverbial to indicate cause or reason.* Being a homely girl, her chances of winning the first place in the Beauty Contest are slim.Paraphrase this sentence.Because I was in bad need of money and was eager to do something useful, I applied for the job.But when I did so, I was afraid that there was little poibility for me to get the job because I did not have a university degree, and I didn’t have any teaching experience, either.2.(LL1-2, Para.2)
… three days later a letter arrived, summoning me to Croydon for an interview.Paraphrase this sentence.Three days later, I received a letter, asking me to go to Croydon to have an interview.3.(LL1-2, Para.3)
…gabled Victorian house of red brick and with big staring sash windows.Can you imagine what kind of house and windows the author was talking about? Gable: the triangular portion of the wall, between the enclosing lines of a sloping roof.Victorian time refers to the reign of England’s Queen Victoria(1837-1901).More generally, it refers to the second half of the nineteenth century.The typical features of Victorian house are multi-textured or multicolored walls, strongly asymmetrical facades, and steeply pitched roofs.Sash window: A kind of window that may be movable or fixed and that may slide in a vertical plane.What are “staring windows”?
Those sash-windows are very big, so large that they look like wide open eyes staring at people.* John is wearing a staring red tie which makes him look like a comedian.4.(LL3-4, Para.3)…where they struggled to survive the dust and fumes from a busy main road.What does this sentence mean? The shrubs did their best to remain alive in spite of the dust and smoke from a main road with heavy traffic.What kind of figure of speech is used in this sentence? Personification(拟人).The shrubs are described as if they were human beings.5.(LL4-5, Para.4)… acro his ample stomach was looped a silver watch-chain.What kind of sentence is it? What is special about its structure? It is an inverted sentence(倒装句).The normal order should be “… and a silver watch-chain was looped acro his ample stomach”.6.(LL1-2, Para.5)He looked at me with an air of surprised disapproval, as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlaces were undone.Paraphrase this sentence.He cast a look at me with the same surprise and dislike as a colonel would look at a soldier with when the soldier’s bootlaces came loose.7.(LL13-14, Para.5)The headmaster and I obviously had singularly little in common.Paraphrase the sentence.Apparently the headmaster and I had no similar interests.8.(LL1-2, Para.7)I should have to split the cla up into three groups and teach them in turn at three different levels;…
Paraphrase this sentence.I should have to divide the cla into three groups according to three different levels and teach one group after another.9.(LL5-8, Para.7)It was not so much having to tramp a mile along the dusty streets of Croydon, followed by a crocodile of small boys that I minded, but the fact that most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.Paraphrase this sentence.I felt troubled not because I had to walk for a mile along the dusty streets of Croydon, followed by a group of boys, but because at that time most of my friends were having a good time and relaxing.10.(L1, Para.9)This was the last straw.What does this sentence mean? “The last straw” comes from the proverb “It is the last straw that breaks the camel’s back.” It metaphorically means “an addition to a task, burden, etc.that makes it intolerable”.The whole sentence here means: This was the trouble that made the situation unbearable when it was added to the trouble I was experiencing.11.(LL1-2, Para.9)…the prospect of working under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity.Paraphrase this sentence.The fact that I would have to work under a woman in future made me feel totally humiliated.2.Words and Expreions
1.(L2 Para.1)suburb: n.an area where people live that is outside the center of a city
* They live in the suburbs.(=他们住在城外。)in a suburb of = on the outskirts of *John lives in the southern suburb of London.(=约翰住在伦敦的南郊。)*The garage is on the outskirts of the town.(=汽车修理厂在城外。)
（注：如果例句前面是汉语/英语句子，后面是“=”加上英语/汉语句子，请在PPT制作时先出现汉语/英语句子，教师点击汉语/英语句子后便出现英语/汉语句子，下同。）
2.(L4 Para.1)degree: n.the qualification obtained by students who succefully complete a university or a college course
Bachelor’s Degree
学士学位
Master’s Degree
硕士学位
Doctor’s Degree
博士学位
* 我哥哥有哈佛大学的硕士学位。(=My brother has a master’s degree from Havard.)
3.(L5 Para.1)land: v.to succeed in getting(a job, contract, etc.that
was difficult to get)
* There were over 400 candidates, but I landed the job at last.(=虽然有四百多名候选人，但我最终还是得到了这份工作。)
land sb.with sth.: to give sb.sth.unpleasant to do * 在举行宫廷舞会的那个晚上，灰姑娘仍然向平时一样被分配给了所有的家务。(=At the night of the royal party, Cinderella had been landed with all the housework as usual.)
4.(L5 Para.1)slim: adj.1.(approving)(of a person)thin, in a way that is attractive.* a slim person / figure / waist
* Regular exercise will make you slimmer.(=经常锻炼身体可以使你变得更加苗条。)
2.not as big as you would like or expect, small * slim chances / hopes / prospects of succe
* You have little political support and slimmer expectations of political survivals.(=你在得不到什么政治上的支持，而在政界生存下去的期望值更渺茫。)
5.(L1 Para.2)summon(sb.to some place): vt.(formal)to order sb.to go to some place
* 1688年5月，他被紧急召往伦敦。(=In May 1688, He was urgently summoned to London.)
* 她召唤服务员过来。(=She summoned the waiter.)
6.(L1 Para.2)prove: linking v.be seen or found in the end(to be)后来被发现是，最终显现为
* The opposition proved too strong for him.(=事实证明，反对势力强大得让他难以招架。)
* 结果表明投资这个行业的股票是一个失败。(=Shares in the industry proved to be a poor investment.)
cf.turn out * It turned out that the opposition was too strong for him.The opposition turned out to be too strong for him.* It turned out that shares in the industry proved to be a poor investment.* Shares in the industry turned out to be a poor investment.7.(L2 Para.2)awkward: adj.making you feel embarraed or difficult to deal with
* There was an awkward silence.(=一阵令人尴尬的沉默。)
* 不要问不好回答的问题。(= Please do not ask awkward questions.)
8.(L3 Para.2)a ten-minute bus ride Compound Words：
二十个月大的小孩
a twenty-month-old baby
五周的假期
a five-week holiday
间接吸烟
second-hand smoke 十九世纪的建筑
a nineteenth-century building
9.(L3 Para.2)a quarter of 四分之一
Fraction(分数)的表达：基数词/序数词（基数词大于一时序数词用复数）1/4
a quarter of /one fourth of
4/7
four sevenths of 2/3
two thirds of
10.(L3 Para.3)survive: vi.& vt.continue to live or exist(after sth.bad)
* I do not think I can survive another year as a teacher.It is just too streful.(=我无法再继续做一年老师，因为这种生活实在压力太大。)
* 这次撞车事故受伤的六个人中，只有两人活下来了。(= Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.)
11.(L2 Para.4)rotund: adj.having a fat and round body.Expreion related to “fat”:
rotund:
having a fat round body(euphemism or joke)corpulent:
exceively fat(formal, esp.for euphemism)plump:
slightly fat
chubby:
slightly fat;round and plump(cheeks / child)obese:
very fat(formal or medical)
12.(L2 Para.4)moustache
13.(L1 Para.5)disapproval
“dis-”= the opposite
Word Formation:
approval---------disapproval agreement------disagreement advantage-------disadvantage appearance------disappearance belief-------------disbelief comfort----------discomfort grace-------------disgrace harmony---------disharmony like---------------dislike trust--------------distrust
14.(L1 Para.5)colonel & private
【陆军军衔列表】
一级上将----General First Cla 上将--------General 中将--------Lieutenant General 少将--------Major General 大校--------Senior Colonel 上校--------Colonel
中校--------Lieutenant Colonel 少校--------Major 上尉--------Captain 中尉--------First Lieutenant 少尉--------Second Lieutenant 上士--------Sergeant, First Cla 中士--------Sergeant 下士--------Corporal 上等兵------Private, First Cla 列兵--------Private
15.(L3 Para.5)grunt: v.to make a short low sound in the throat, especially to show that you are in pain, annoyed or not interested.cf.grunt, mumble, whimper & snap grunt: say sth.in a low rough voice, showing diatisfaction,boredom, pain, irritation, or indicating inattention
mumble: say sth.too quietly and not clearly enough so that it is difficult or impoible to hear whimper: say sth.in an unhappy or frightened way snap: say sth.quickly in an angry or annoyed way More words related to “say”:
respond;reply； announce;explain;question;inquire;shout;murmur;whisper；yell；cry
16.(L3 Para.5)smell of: “Smell” is an intransitive verb.If something smells, it has an effect on your nose.* 这种口香糖有新鲜草莓的味道。(=The chewing gum smells of fresh strawberry.)
19.(L4 Para.5)stale: adj.dirty looking, not fresh or cheerful
* stale cigarette smoke(=难闻的烟味)
* stale sweat(=汗臭味)
20.(L4 Para.5)dingy: adj.dark and dirty.* a dingy room(=又脏又黑的房间)(此页插入图片B3-U1-21)* dingy curtain(=脏得发黑的窗帘)
21.(L5 Para.5)except
Except Vs.Except for
word or phrase + except + word or phrase * We went nowhere except to the library yesterday.* Everyone except Adam went to Jay’s concert.clause + except for + word or phrase * Your composition is well written except for a few spelling
mistakes.* The children are all asleep except for Nancy.clause + except + that(where, when……)clause * We will go outing tomorrow except that it rains.22.(LL7 Para.5)
Mantelpiece: the shelf above a fireplace
salt cellar
pepper-pot
23.(L8 Para.5)proceed: v.1.to do sth.next, after having done sth else before.* 他简单地介绍了他的计划，接着又进行了比较详尽的解释。(=He outlined his plans and then proceeded to explain them in greater detail.)
2.to continue doing sth.that has already been started.* 我们不确定是否还要继续减价促销。(=We are not sure whether we still want to proceed with the sale.)
24.(L11 Para.5)bloodshot: red because of swollen or broken blood veels
25.(LL12-13 Para.5)attach: v.1.to connect one thing to another * Please attach a recent photo to your form.(=请在表格上附上一张近照。)
2.If sb.is attached to sb.else or sth., he likes him or it.* It’s easy to become attached to that child.(=很容易喜欢上那个孩子。)
3.attach importance / significance to sth.: to believe that sth.is important * People often attach too much importance to family background.(=人们通常总是过于看重家庭背景。)
26.(L2 Para.6)range from A to B/between A and B: vary or extend between specified limits
* 我的学生们的年龄从5岁到50岁不等。(=My students’ ages range from 5 to 50.)
* 我的兴趣很广泛，从象棋到爬山我都喜欢。(=I have wide interests, ranging from che to mountain-climbing.)
27.(L3 Para.6)cricket
1.a kind of game
2.a kind of insect
28.(L1 Para.7)teaching set-up: a particular way of teaching.More compound words:
follow-up(=紧接之事件), sell-out(=售罄), set-up(=结构), breakdown(=崩溃), breakthrough(=突破), makeup(= 化妆), split-up(=分裂)
29.(L2 Para.7)in turn: one after another；to introduce a consequence or cause of something that you have just mentioned
* The teacher called out the students’ names in turn.(=老师依次叫出了学生们的名字。)
* We need revision of estimated sales and this, in turn, will mean revision in production schedule.(=我们必须修正销售量的估计，而这也意味着生产计划的修正。)
cf.in return: as payment or reward
* I bought him a drink in return for his help.(=为了答谢他的帮助，我请他喝了一杯。)
30.(LL5-7 Para.7)not so much…but…: not …but rather…
* It is not so much about her qualification for the job that we are concerned, but her health condition.(=我们担心的倒不是她是否有资格做这项工作，而是她的健康状况。)
“But”can be replaced by “as”: not so much A as B
* It wasn’t so much her appearance I like as her personality.(=与其说我喜欢她的外表，倒不如说我喜欢她的品格。)
31.(L2 Para.8)get to one’s feet: stand up
* 他喝得大醉，几乎没有办法站起来。(=Being heavily drunken, he could hardly get to his feet.)
Useful Expreions
1.得到工作
land a job 2.一副……的神情
an air of…
3.对……很重视
attach importance to sth.4.表链
watch chain 5.最后一击
the last straw 6.教学安排
teaching set-up 7.板球
cricket 8.充血的bloodshot
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